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Q:
The Spearman correlation coefficient is calculated for a set of data on two variables, xand y. It appears that as the rank of xincreases, the rank of yis decreasing. We would expect the Spearman correlation coefficient to be ________.
a) equal to zero
b) positive
c) negative
d) greater than 5
e) greater than 1
Q:
A local pediatrician office is interested in the "˜no-show" appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians. "˜No-show" appointments represent lost revenues because the physician will be idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments. Using the data in the table below and an alpha of .10, what is the appropriate decision?Physician APhysician BPhysician CPhysician Dweek 18467week 27346week 38254week 48679week 542510a) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude at least one physician differs in the no-show rates.b) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the no show rates differ by day of weekc) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is not enough evidence to demonstrate the no show rate between physician is equald) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there is not enough evidence to show the no show rate between days of the week is equale) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude the no show rates are dependent upon both day of week and physician.
Q:
A local pediatrician office is interested in the "˜no-show" appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians. "˜No-show" appointments represent lost revenues because the physician will be idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments. Using the data in the table below and an alpha of .10, what is the observed value of x2? Physician APhysician BPhysician CPhysician Dweek 18467week 27346week 38254week 48679week 542510a) 85.68b) 75.0c) 13.68d) 10.68e) 23.45
Q:
A local pediatrician office is interested in the "˜no-show" appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians. "˜No-show" appointments represent lost revenues because the physician will be idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments. Using the data in the table below and an alpha of .10, what is the critical value of x2? Physician APhysician BPhysician CPhysician Dweek 18467week 27346week 38254week 48679week 542510a) 4.61b) 6.25c) 7.78d) 13.28e) 15.09
Q:
A local pediatrician office is interested in the "˜no-show" appointment count for each of the 4 pediatricians. "˜No-show" appointments represent lost revenues because the physician is idle when patients do not show for their scheduled appointments. Using the data in the table below and an alpha of .10, what is the null hypothesis?Physician APhysician BPhysician CPhysician Dweek 18467week 27346week 38254week 48679week 542510a) The physicians differ in the no-show rates.b) The no show rates differ by day of weekc) The no show rate between physician is equald) The no show rate between days of the week is equale) The no show rates are dependent upon both day of week and physician.
Q:
The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the _______.
a) chi-square test
b) Kruskal-Wallis test
c) Mann-Whitney U test
d) Wilcoxon test
e) Friedman test
Q:
Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. Compensation Method
Sales Straight Salary
18
12
22
28
28 Straight Commission
27
34
34
27
20
16
24 Salary plus Commission
11
17
27
14
30
22 A Kruskal-Wallis test performed with a = 0.01 will result in a decision to _____.
a) reject the null hypothesis
b) reject the alternate hypothesis
c) do not reject the null hypothesis
d) do no reject the alternate hypothesis
e) do nothing
Q:
Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. Compensation Method
Sales Straight Salary
18
12
22
28
28 Straight Commission
27
34
34
27
20
16
24 Salary plus Commission
11
17
27
14
30
22 A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed with a= 0.01. The calculated K value is _______.
a) 15.086
b) 1.715
c) 7.779
d) 9.210
e) 8.657
Q:
Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. Compensation Method
Sales Straight Salary
18
12
22
28
28 Straight Commission
27
34
34
27
20
16
24 Salary plus Commission
11
17
27
14
30
22 A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed with a = 0.01. The critical chi-square value is _______.
a) 15.086
b) 13.277
c) 7.779
d) 9.210
e) 8.657
Q:
Performance records for 18 salespersons are selected to investigate whether compensation methods are a significant motivational factor. Compensation Method
Sales Straight Salary
18
12
22
28
28 Straight Commission
27
34
34
27
20
16
24 Salary plus Commission
11
17
27
14
30
22 A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed with a= 0.01. The null hypothesis is _______.
a) Group 1 = Group 2 = Group 3
b) Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
c) Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
d) Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
e) Group 1 Group 2 ≥Group 3
Q:
A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed. There will be five categories, and alpha is chosen to be 0.01. The critical chi-square value is _______.
a) 15.086
b) 13.277
c) 7.779
d) 9.236
e) 8.987
Q:
A Kruskal-Wallis test is to be performed. There will be four categories, and alpha is chosen to be 0.10. The critical chi-square value is _______.
a) 6.251
b) 2.706
c) 7.779
d) 4.605
e) 3.234
Q:
The null hypothesis in the Kruskal-Wallis test is _______.
a) all populations are identical
b) all sample means are different
c) xand yare not correlated
d) the mean difference is zero
e) all populations are not identical
Q:
The Kruskal-Wallis test is to be used to determine whether there is a significant difference in the satisfaction rating (alpha = 0.05) between three brands of boxed cake mix. Shoppers were asked to rate their satisfaction on various attributes and an aggregate satisfaction score ranging from 1-50 was computed. The following data were obtained: Cake Mix A
19
21
25
22
33 Cake Mix B
30
24
28
31
35 Cake Mix C
39
32
41
42
27 For this situation, the critical (table) chi-square value is _______.
a) 15.507
b) 7.815
c) 9.488
d) 5.991
e) 3.991
Q:
The Kruskal-Wallis test is to be used to determine whether there is a significant difference in the satisfaction rating (alpha = 0.05) between three brands of boxed cake mix. Shoppers were asked to rate their satisfaction on various attributes and an aggregate satisfaction score ranging from 1-50 was computed. The following data were obtained: Cake Mix A
19
21
25
22
33 Cake Mix B
30
24
28
31
35 Cake Mix C
39
32
41
42
27 For this test, how many degrees of freedom should be used?
a) 3
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
e) 1
Q:
Which of the following tests should be used to compare the means of three populations if the sample data is ordinal?
a) one-way analysis of variance
b) Kruskal-Wallis test
c) Wilcoxon test
d) Mann-Whitney test
e) Friedman test
Q:
The nonparametric alternative to the one-way analysis of variance is the _______.
a) chi-square goodness of fit test
b) Kruskal-Wallis test
c) Mann-Whitney U test
d) Wilcoxon test
e) Friedman test
Q:
In a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test with 20 matched-pairs of observations, the observed value of the Tstatistic based on sample data is 76.33. The corresponding observed z-value is ___________.a) -1.79b) -2.07c) -1.70d) -1.59e) -1.07
Q:
Many "Before and after" types of experiments should be analyzed using _______.
a) chi-square goodness of fit test
b) Kruskal-Wallis test
c) Mann-Whitney U test
d) Wilcoxon test
e) Friedman test
Q:
In the Wilcoxon test of the differences between two populations, the value z statistic was calculated to be 1.80. If the level of significance is 0.10, which of the following decisions is appropriate?
a) Reject the null hypothesis
b) Do not reject the null hypothesis
c) Indeterminate without the sample size
d) Indeterminate without all of the data
e) Inconclusive
Q:
In the Wilcoxon test of the differences between two populations, the value z statistic was calculated to be 1.80. If the level of significance is 0.05, which of the following decisions is appropriate?
a) Reject the null hypothesis
b) Do not reject the null hypothesis
c) Indeterminate without the sample size
d) Indeterminate without all of the data
e) Inconclusive
Q:
The Wilcoxon test was used on 16 pairs of data. The total of the ranks (T) were computed to be 76 (for + ranks) and 60 (for - ranks). The zvalue for this test is _____.
a) -0.41
b) -0.02
c) 0.02
d) 16
e) -0.041.
Q:
The Wilcoxon test was used on 18 pairs of data. The total of the ranks (T) were computed to be 111 (for + ranks) and 60 (for - ranks). The zvalue for this test is ____.
a) -1.11
b) -0.05
c) -0.07
d) 0.033
e) 2.22
Q:
Which of the following tests might be used to compare the means of two populations if the samples are related?
a) Mann-Whitney test
b) Wilcoxon test
c) Runs test
d) Spearman's test
e) Kruskal-Wallis test
Q:
The nonparametric counterpart of the t test to compare the means of two related samples is the _______.
a) chi-square goodness of fit test
b) chi-square test of independence
c) Mann-Whitney U test
d) Wilcoxon test
e) Friedman test
Q:
Suppose a research uses the Mann-Whitney test to determine if there is a difference in the volume of text messages sent by a high school student living in a rural area versus an urban area during the month of December. Eight rural high school students and 9 urban high school students were included in the study. If, among all 17, the U statistic is 29, n1=8 and n2= 9 what is the the conclusion at α=0.05 is __________
a) reject the hypothesis that the number of text messages sent in December is identical
b) do not reject the hypothesis that the number of text messages sent in December is identical.
c) reject the hypothesis that the average number of text messages is identical.
d) do not reject the hypothesis that the average number of text messages is identical.
e) accept the hypothesis that the number of text messages sent in December identical.
Q:
Suppose a research uses the Mann-Whitney test to determine if there is a difference in the volume of text messages sent by a high school student living in a rural area versus an urban area during the month of December. Eight rural high school students and 9 urban high school students were included in the study. If, among all 17, the sum of the ranks W2produced from the urban high school is 88, the U test statistic is _____________
a) 29
b) 45
c) 90
d) 43
e) 20
Q:
Suppose a research uses the Mann-Whitney test to determine if there is a difference in the volume of text messages sent by a high school student living in a rural area versus an urban area during the month of December. Eight rural high school students and 9 urban high school students were included in the study. If, among all 17, the sum of the ranks W1produced from the rural high school students is 72, the U statistic is __________a) 29b) 45c) 90d) 36e) 43
Q:
A Mann-Whitney U test was performed to determine if there were differences in the average compute time for Dallas residents versus Atlanta residents. The travel time for 22 commuters in Dallas was compared to the travel time for 28 commuters in Atlanta. The Ustatistic was calculated to be 58.0 based on the sample sizes of 22 and 28. What is the zvalue for this test?
a) 51.17
b) 308
c) 0.117
d) -4.88
e) -2.44
Q:
A Mann-Whitney U test was performed to determine if there were differences in the cost of tuition at a Texas state university versus an Oklahoma state university. The total cost, including room, board, and books for 24 freshman attending a Texas university were computed and compared to the total cost for 20 Oklahoma state university students. The Ustatistic was calculated to be 38.78 based on the sample sizes of 24 and 20. What is the zvalue for this test?
a) 0.133
b) -4.74
c) 240
d) 42.43
e) 8.75
Q:
Which of the following tests should be used to compare the means of two populations if the samples are independent?
a) Mann-Whitney test
b) Wilcoxon test
c) Runs test
d) Spearman's test
e) Kruskal-Wallis test
Q:
The nonparametric counterpart of the ttest to compare the means of two independent populations is the _______.
a) chi-square goodness of fit test
b) chi-square test of independence
c) Mann-Whitney Utest
d) Wilcoxon test
e) Friedman test
Q:
Charles Clayton monitors the daily performance of his investment portfolio by recording a "+" or a "-"sign to indicate whether the portfolio's value increased or decreased from the previous day. His record for the last eighteen business days is "- + + - - - + - - + + + + + + + + -". The number of runs in this sample is _________.
a) seven
b) six
c) four
d) three
e) one
Q:
Charles Clayton monitors the daily performance of his investment portfolio by recording a "+" or a "-"sign to indicate whether the portfolio's value increased or decreased from the previous day. His record for the last eighteen business days is "- + + - - - + - - + + + - + + + + -". The number of runs in this sample is _________.
a) uncertain
b) four
c) five
d) nine
e) one
Q:
The alternate hypothesis for a one-sample runs test is __________________.
a) "the observations in the sample are not cross-linked"
b) "the observations in the sample are correlated"
c) "the observations in the sample are not statistically independent"
d) "the observations in the sample are not randomly generated"
e) "the observations are not systematically generated"
Q:
The null hypothesis for a one-sample runs test is __________________.
a) "the observations in the sample are randomly generated"
b) "the observations in the sample are not correlated"
c) "the observations in the sample are statistically independent"
d) "the observations in the sample are cross-linked"
e) "the observations are systematically generated"
Q:
A production run of 500 items resulted in 29 defectives items. A defective item is coded as 1 and a good item as 0. The following is an output from Minitab.Using α=0.1, the conclusion is __________________.a) successive items did not constitute a random sample.b) successive items constituted a random samplec) do not reject the hypothesis that successive items constituted a random sampled) reject the hypothesis that successive items constituted a random samplee) the distribution is binomial
Q:
A production run of 500 items resulted in 29 defectives items. A defective item is coded as 1 and a good item as 0. The following is an output from Minitab.The null hypothesis for a one-sample runs test is __________________.a) successive items did not constitute a random sample.b) successive items constituted a random samplec) the proportion of defective items is 0.05d) the proportion of defective items is 0.058e) the distribution is binomial
Q:
The one-sample runs test is a ______________________.
a) nonparametric test for statistical independence
b) parametric test for statistical independence
c) nonparametric test of randomness
d) nonparametric test for correlation
e) parametric test of sequences
Q:
Nonparametric statistics are sometimes called _______________.
a) nominal statistics
b) interval statistics
c) distribution-dependent statistics
d) distribution-free statistics
e) qualitative statistics
Q:
Statistical techniques based on fewer assumptions about the population and the parameters are called _______.
a) population statistics
b) parametric statistics
c) nonparametric statistics
d) chi-square statistics
e) correlation statistics
Q:
The methods of parametric statistics require ________________.
a) interval or ratio data
b) nominal or ordinal data
c) large samples
d) small samples
e) qualitative data
Q:
Statistical techniques based on assumptions about the population from which the sample data are selected are called _______.
a) population statistics
b) parametric statistics
c) nonparametric statistics
d) chi-square statistics
e) correlation statistics
Q:
Spearman rank correlation values, rx, range between +1 and 0.
Q:
When only ordinal-level data are available, Spearman's rank correlation rather than the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient must be used to analyze the association between two variables.
Q:
The degree of association of two variables cannot be estimated when only ordinal-level data are available.
Q:
Prior to computing a Friedman test, the data are ranked within each block from smallest to largest.
Q:
The alternative hypothesis for the Friedman test is that at least one treatment is different from at least one other treatment.
Q:
The nonparametric alternative to analysis of variance for a randomized block design is the Friedman test.
Q:
The Kruskal-Wallis test is an extension of the Mann"Whitney U test to 3 or more groups.
Q:
The nonparametric alternative to linear regression is the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Q:
No assumptions on the distribution of the difference are needed for the use of the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank.
Q:
The Mann-Whitney U test is implemented differently for small samples than for large samples.
Q:
The appropriate test for comparing the medians of two populations using ordinal-level data from two related samples is the Wilcoxon test.
Q:
The appropriate test for comparing the means of two populations using ordinal-level data from two related samples is the Wilcoxon test and not the Mann-Whitney Utest.
Q:
The nonparametric counterpart of the ttest to compare the means of two independent populations is the Mann-Whitney Utest.
Q:
The Mann-Whitney U-test requires that the two samples under consideration have the same number of observations.
Q:
The Mann-Whitney U-test is used to test whether three or more independent samples of observations are drawn from the same or identical distributions.
Q:
The Mann-Whitney U test is a generalization of the two sample t-test under the underlying assumptions of equality of variances.
Q:
To compare the means of two populations which cannot be assumed to be normally distributed and only ordinal-level data is available from two independent samples, instead of the t-test for independent samples we should use the Mann-Whitney Utest.
Q:
The appropriate test for comparing the means of two populations using ordinal-level data from two independent samples is the Mann-Whitney Utest.
Q:
The sampling distribution of R, the number of runs, in the one-sample runs test for randomness of the observations in a large sample (i.e., the number of observations with each of two possible characteristics is greater than 20) is approximately normal if H0is true.
Q:
In the one-sample runs test for randomness of the observations in a large sample (i.e., the number of observations with each of two possible characteristics is greater than 20) the sampling distribution of R, the number of runs, is approximately binomial.
Q:
The one-sample runs test is a nonparametric test of randomness in the sample data.
Q:
A disadvantage of nonparametric statistics is that the probability statements obtained from most nonparametric tests are not exact probabilities.
Q:
An advantage of nonparametric statistics is that the computations on nonparametric statistics are usually less complicated than those for parametric statistics, particularly for small samples.
Q:
Nonparametric statistics are sometimes called distribution-dependent statistics.
Q:
Nonparametric statistical techniques are based on fewer assumptions about the population and the parameters compared to parametric statistical techniques.
Q:
The methods of parametric statistics can be applied to nominal or ordinal data.
Q:
Statistical techniques based on assumptions about the population from which the sample data are selected are called parametric statistics.
Q:
The null hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence is that the two variables are not related.
Q:
In a chi-square test of independence the contingency table has 4 rows and 3 columns. The number of degrees of freedom for this test is 6.
Q:
In a chi-square test of independence the contingency table has 4 rows and 3 columns. The number of degrees of freedom for this test is 7.
Q:
A researcher is interested in using a chi-square test of independence to determine if age is independent of minutes spent reading. Age is divided into four categories while minutes spent reading is classified as high, medium, low. The number of degrees of freedom for this test is 12.
Q:
A two-way table used for a test of independence is sometimes called a contingency table.
Q:
A chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine if the observed frequencies in ten categories are Poisson distributed has nine degrees of freedom.
Q:
A chi-square goodness-of-fit test to determine if the observed frequencies in seven categories are uniformly distributed has six degrees of freedom.
Q:
When using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test, the type of distribution (uniform, Poisson, normal) being used does not influence the hypothesis test.
Q:
The decision rule in a chi-square goodness-of-fit test is to reject the null hypothesis if the computed chi-square is greater than the table chi-square.
Q:
The null hypothesis in a chi-square goodness-of-fit test is that the observed distribution is the same as the expected distribution.