Q&A Hero

Q: Provide a short answer to each of these questions. Be sure to fully explain your answer. One of the arguments that opponents of corporate social responsibility use is that business already has enough power, so society should not grant it more power by relying on it to alleviate social problems. Evaluate this argument.

Q: When faced with the temptation to break a contract, we should determine the morality of the action, by evaluating the general consequences of breaking contracts in the past. Which sort of utilitarianism is represented here? A. rule-utilitarianism B. deontological-utilitarianism C. theological-utilitarianism D. act-utilitarianism

Q: Provide a short answer to each of these questions. Be sure to fully explain your answer. In Carroll's four-part definition of corporate social responsibility, he includes philanthropic responsibilities, yet he describes these as voluntary or discretionary. Explain this seeming contrast between a responsibility and a voluntary activity.

Q: When faced with the temptation to break a contract, we are always concerned with a particular contract in a particular set of circumstances. To determine the morality of the action, we should calculate the effects of breaking this particular contract. Which sort of utilitarianism is represented here? A. rule-utilitarianism B. deontological-utilitarianism C. theological-utilitarianism D. act-utilitarianism

Q: Provide a short answer to each of these questions. Be sure to fully explain your answer. Explain why the emergence of large corporations in the late 19th century helped shift society's view away from the classical economic view.

Q: Which of the following was a hedonistic utilitarian that argued that we should consider intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, and fecundity when performing an analysis? A. Jeremy Bentham B. John Stuart Mill C. Immanuel Kant D. John Rawls

Q: Provide a short answer to each of these questions. Be sure to fully explain your answer. Explain why Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) was formed.

Q: Which of the following was the utilitarian who argued that utilitarianism isn't subject to most of the cultural criticism it received. A. Jeremy Bentham B. John Stuart Mill C. Immanuel Kant D. John Rawls

Q: Financial returns from socially conscious investment funds are A.competitive with returns from other investments. B.higher than returns from other investments. C.slightly lower than returns from other investments. D.much lower than returns from other investments.

Q: Which of the following was a common objection to utilitarianism during John Stuart Mill's era? A. Utilitarianism proposes to use the Koran, rather than the Bible, as the basis for good. B. Utilitarianism argues that utility commands what God would command. C. Utilitarianism argues that the commands of God are wholly irrelevant. D. Utilitarianism proposes utility as the basis for good rather than God or the Bible.

Q: The Triple Bottom Line encompasses all of the following spheres of performance except A.economic. B.social. C.environmental. D.philanthropic.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a step to be taken in a utilitarian analysis? A. Identify all those who are directly and indirectly affected by the action. B. Specify only the good consequences of the action for those directly affected. C. Carry out a similar analysis, if necessary, for those indirectly affected, as well as for society as a whole. D. Consider, imaginatively, whether there are various alternatives other than simply doing or not doing the action, and carry out a similar analysis for each of the other alternative actions.

Q: The Triple Bottom Line concept focuses on economic, social, and environmental performance, the key elements of A.sustainability. B.growth. C.corporate social responsibility. D.corporate social responsiveness.

Q: The relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance is viewed from three different perspectives. The symbiotic view A.states that financial performance determines social performance. B.high social performance leads to improved financial performance. C.states that there is an interactive relationship among social performance, financial performance, and corporate reputation. D.is synonymous with the contingency view of Husted.

Q: The ethical approach maintains that what has intrinsic value pleasure and pain. A. hedonistic utilitarianism B. ideal utilitarianism C. eudaimonistic utilitarianism D. all of these

Q: The ethical approach maintains that what has intrinsic value is not pleasure, but happiness. A. hedonistic utilitarianism B. ideal utilitarianism C. eudaimonistic utilitarianism D. all of these

Q: The relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance is viewed from three different perspectives. The perspective that views social responsibility as a "fair weather" concept A.has been studied extensively. B.views social responsibility as driven by the firm's financial performance. C.is the most popular of the three perspectives. D.sees an interactive relationship among social performance, financial performance, and corporate reputation.

Q: The relationship between corporate social performance and financial performance is viewed from three different perspectives. The most popular view is based on the belief that A.socially responsible firms are more financially profitable. B.more profitable firms have the ability to be more socially responsible. C.social responsibility and financial performance are inter-related and affect each other. D.there is no relationship between social responsibility and financial performance.

Q: The ethical approach that maintains that what has to be calculated is not pleasure or happiness but all intrinsically valuable human goods, which include friendship, knowledge, and a host of other goods valuable in themselves A. hedonistic utilitarianism B. ideal utilitarianism C. eudaimonistic utilitarianism D. all of these

Q: Benefits to companies of good corporate citizenship include all of the following except A.improved employee relations. B.improved customer relations. C.improved business performance. D.fewer government regulations.

Q: John Stuart Mill's approach to ethics would be classified as which sort of general ethical approach? A. deontological B. utilitarian C. theological D. ontological

Q: The narrow view of corporate citizenship focuses solely on A.ecological issues. B.employee relations. C.corporate community relations. D.stakeholder management.

Q: A Kantian ethical approach applies to which sort of general ethical approach? A. deontological B. special C. teleological D. theological

Q: The view of corporate citizenship that embraces all that is implied in the concepts of social responsibility, responsiveness, and performance is the ____ view. A.unlimited B.broad C.narrow D.limited

Q: Consequentialism belongs to which sort of ethical approach? A. deontological B. special C. teleological D. theological

Q: Which of the following is not a characteristic of a socially responsible company? A.makes products that are safe B.makes above average financial returns C.does not pollute air or water D.recycles within the company

Q: What is the name given to philosophers who construct their ethical approaches with mixed approaches? A. ethical pluralists. B. utilitarians C. ethical monists. D. deontologists

Q: Which of the following is a criterion for The Conference Board's Ron Brown Award for Corporate Leadership? A.membership in the Fortune 500 B.never having been fined by the Environmental Protection Agency C.offering broad potential for social and economic benefits for U.S. society D.membership in The Conference Board

Q: What is the name given to philosophers who attempt to use only one ethical approach to ethical questions? A. ethical pluralists. B. utilitarians C. ethical monists. D. deontologists

Q: The Conference Board's Ron Brown Award for Corporate Leadership honors companies for A.sustained high levels of corporate social performance. B.leadership in corporate social responsibility research. C.outstanding achievements in employee and community relations. D.outstanding achievements in stakeholder management.

Q: What does it mean for an action to be objectively right? A. An action is objectively right if a person believes that the action is moral. B. An action is objectively right if it promotes the greater good. C. An action is objectively right if it advances one's own self-interest. D. An action is objectively right if it is in conformity with the moral law.

Q: Carroll's corporate social performance model can be used in all of the ways listed below except A.providing a conceptualization that could lead to better managed social performance. B.providing answers to specific social problems. C.using it as a planning tool. D.identifying categories within which the organization can be situated.

Q: What does it mean for an action to be subjectively right? A. An action is subjectively right if it is in conformity with the moral law. B. An action is subjectively right if a person believes that the action is moral. C. An action is subjectively right if it promotes the greater good. D. An action is subjectively right if it advances one's own self-interest.

Q: Which of the following is not a dimension of Carroll's corporate social performance model? A.social responsibility categories B.funding sources C.philosophy of social responsiveness D.issues

Q: Which level of moral development does Kohlberg call the "principled level"? A. Level I B. Level IV C. Level III D. Level II

Q: The ____ argument against CSR focuses on the consequence of the requirement that business must internalize costs that it formerly passed on to society in the form of dirty air run safe products which might necessitate raising prices. A.Resources Available B.Business not equipped C.Dilutes Business purpose D.Global Competitiveness

Q: According to Lawrence Kohlberg, what is the second level of moral development? A. preconventional B. conventional C. autonomous D. postconventional

Q: ____ is depicted as an action - oriented variant of CSR A.Corporate Social Responsiveness B.Corporate Social Responsibility C.Corporate Societal Responsibility D.Corporate Social Performance

Q: According to the Business Case for CSR, a reason companies are becoming more socially responsible is all of the following except A.Access to capital B.Increased revenue C.Cost savings D.Customer demand

Q: The Civil Corporation identifies four ways in which business firms respond to social pressures. Which of the following is not one of those? A.defensive approach B.cost-benefit approach C.strategic approach D.stakeholder approach

Q: Which of the following is not an argument commonly used in favor of corporate social responsibility? A.Business is best equipped to handle social problems. B.It is in the long range interest of business to be socially responsible. C.Being socially responsible helps ward off government intervention and regulation. D.Business has the resources to combat social problems.

Q: The first and primary argument for corporate social responsibility is A.it is a way to gain more power. B.business is best equipped to handle social problems. C.it is in business's long range interest to be socially responsible. D.the free-market economic system has proven to be ineffective in dealing with social problems.

Q: All of the following are arguments commonly made against corporate social responsibility except A.social problems should be addressed first by the free-market economic system, and then, if necessary, by government. B.business is not equipped to handle social activities. C.business already has enough power--it should not be given more. D.business did not create today's social problems, so it should not be expected to solve them.

Q: The socially responsible firm should strive to do all of the following EXCEPT A.Make a profit B.Overt the law C.Be ethical D.Be a good corporate citizen

Q: The ____ portrays the concurrent fulfillment of the firm's economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities A.Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility B.Corporate Citizenship concepts C.Social Response Cycle D.None of these

Q: The part of corporate social responsibility that focuses on business's voluntary activities which are not normally expected of a firm is A.economic. B.legal. C.ethical. D.philanthropic.

Q: The part of corporate social responsibility that focuses on activities and practices that are expected by society, but not codified into law, is A.economic. B.legal. C.ethical. D.philanthropic.

Q: The part of corporate social responsibility that focuses on fulfilling the social contract by following the law is A.economic. B.legal. C.ethical. D.philanthropic.

Q: The part of corporate social responsibility that focuses on fair prices and profits is A.economic. B.legal. C.ethical. D.philanthropic.

Q: Which of the following is not one of the responsibilities in Carroll's four-part definition of corporate social responsibility? A.economic B.social C.legal D.philanthropic

Q: The modern era of corporate social responsibility (from the 1950s to today) A.emphasizes general awareness of social and moral concerns. B.has seen decreased awareness of the issue. C.emphasizes specific issues. D.is marked by legislation requiring ethical business behavior.

Q: Which of the following characteristics of an industry does not add to the creation of visible and controversial social problems? A.intense advertising B.creation of pollution C.geographic location D.products that affect health

Q: The collection of private, commercially oriented organizations, ranging in size from sole proprietorships to large corporations is referred to as A.the third sector. B.government. C.business. D.the free market economy.

Q: Which of the following is not listed as a general issue involving social or ethical ramifications within the relationship between business and society? A.downsizing pension programs B.toxic waste disposal C.insider trading D.death penalties

Q: The concept of sustainability is derived from the notion of management development.

Q: Spheres of power describe the arenas in which power may be utilized.

Q: The principal internal stakeholders of a corporation are its customers and employees.

Q: A child's assumption that he or she will have a higher standard of living than the previous generation is called the revolution of rising expectations.

Q: Movies depict corporate life as amoral and possibly deadly.

Q: News shows are the only type of programming on television that has contributed to criticism of business.

Q: The percentage of the U.S. population that has earned high school diplomas and college degrees has remained about the same over the last thirty years.

Q: The Iron Law of Responsibility states that people who use power wisely will be rewarded with more power.

Q: The levels of power include all of the following except A.the macro level. B.the micro level. C.the institutional level. D.the individual level.

Q: The ability to produce an effect or influence a situation is known as A.authority. B.abuse. C.power. D.dictatorship.

Q: The ____ is a result of the growing numbers of individuals and groups who see themselves as having been victimized by society. A.Rights Movement B.Entitlement Mentality C.Revolution of Rising Expectations D.Victimization philosophy

Q: An entitlement mentality is A.a necessary outgrowth of the welfare system. B.an outgrowth of the revolution of rising expectations. C.the idea that one has to work for what one gets. D.the idea that each citizen owes something to society.

Q: A gap between society's expectations of social conditions and the current social realities is recognized as A.a social problem. B.distributive justice. C.the revolution of rising expectations. D.inevitable reality.

Q: The belief that each succeeding generation should have a higher standard of living than its predecessor and that major institutions should continually improve is known as A.the revolution of rising expectations. B.the iron cage of rationality. C.the iron law of oligarchy. D.the soft bigotry of low expectations.

Q: Movies are a significant source of business criticism because A.corporations are seen as powerful, profit-seeking enterprises that have no redeeming values. B.corporations are depicted as moral. C.corporations represent free enterprise undoomed. D.businesses are not greedy.

Q: Television raises our level of awareness about business in all of the following ways except A.news programs. B.prime-time programs. C.pay-per-view programs. D.commercials.

Q: The average level of formal education in the United States is A.rising. B.dropping. C.staying about the same. D.unknown.

Q: Which of the following is not a factor in the social environment that has lead to the current climate of criticism of business? A.affluence and education B.the revolution of rising expectations C.an entitlement mentality D.the Protestant work ethic

Q: Major institutions in a pluralistic, special-interest society will inevitably receive A.praise. B.special favors. C.scrutiny and criticism. D.tax advantages.

Q: Current standards for SA800 include all the following except A.certifications. B.compensations. C.management systems. D.child labor.

Q: Which of the following is not one of home/host stakeholder pressures? A.culture B.system of government C.economic system D.laws

Q: The position that advocates that an MNC follow the host country's ethical standards is called A.ethical relativism. B.ethical egoism. C.ethical imperialism. D.ethical hegemony.

Q: Utilize the knowledge you have gained to respond to the following essay questions. Your answers should state your position and use logical arguments and content from this and other chapters in the textbook to support it. Provide one example of how Internet technology has threatened businesses. Explain how ethics are being violated.

Q: Utilize the knowledge you have gained to respond to the following essay questions. Your answers should state your position and use logical arguments and content from this and other chapters in the textbook to support it. Discuss the merits and shortcomings of the proposed Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act. In your opinion, should this bill be made into law?

Q: Utilize the knowledge you have gained to respond to the following essay questions. Your answers should state your position and use logical arguments and content from this and other chapters in the textbook to support it. Discuss the implications of the "politicalization of bioethics."

Q: Utilize the knowledge you have gained to respond to the following essay questions. Your answers should state your position and use logical arguments and content from this and other chapters in the textbook to support it. There is some question about the ethics of Internet search engine companies accepting payment from businesses interested in receiving a higher ranking in search categories. Discuss the ethical implications of this practice. Is this an ethical issue, or simply free enterprise at work?