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Business Ethics
Q:
Vocational calling encompasses life both on and off the job.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Explain the difference between Act and Rule Utilitarianism.
Q:
____________________ describes a high degree of compatibility between employee and organizational values.
Q:
The term "eudemonia" can be translated as "flourishing."
a. True
b. False
Q:
Workplace spirituality involves the inner life, meaningful work and ___________.
Q:
Utilitarianism is a deontological approach to ethics.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Those with high moral __________________ define themselves in terms of their ethical commitments.
Q:
For character development, the best narratives are both ______ and _______.
Q:
Aristotle lays out specific rules for making ethical decisions.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Confucianism emphasizes the importance of character to building healthy relationships.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Confucian thinkers downplay the importance of power and status.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Respect for persons is the foundation of human rights.
a. True
b. False
Q:
______________ is the Chinese practice of favoring those with social connections.
a. Guanxi
b. Li
c. Etiquette
d. None of the above
Q:
Justice as Fairness theory protects the intrinsic value of individuals.
a. True
b. False
Q:
All of the following are true statements about Confucianism EXCEPT:
a. Advocates for the Golden Rule
b. Promotes personal virtue or character
c. Emphasizes that people are social creatures
d. Forbids making a profit
Q:
Justice as Fairness theory balances freedom and liberty.
a. True
b. False
Q:
What is the most important virtue according to Confucius?
a. Benevolence
b. Persistence
c. Friendliness
d. Discernment
Q:
According to the Categorical Imperative, acts can be judged as moral or immoral based on their consequences.
a. True
b. False
Q:
What is a true statement about altruism?
a. People are naturally selfish
b. Easy to put into practice
c. Promotes healthy organizations
d. Can be counted on to always produce good results
Q:
Care appears to be a universal value.
a. True
b. False
Q:
According to Aristotle, happiness comes from
a. Pleasure
b. Wealth
c. Living well on our own
d. Fulfilling our purpose
Q:
Which is a true statement about Aristotelian ethics?
a. Make the right choices by following rules or principles
b. Seek pleasure
c. It is easy to find the ethical middle ground
d. Build character through good habits
Q:
Juanita sets limits on how much her employees use work computers for personal business. However, she does not completely ban personal use. She is following which ethical principle?
a. The Golden Mean
b. The Golden Rule
c. What is right for one is right for all
d. The Difference Principle
Q:
A boss bullying an employee is violating which ethical principle?
a. The Golden Mean
b. The Golden Rule
c. Treating humanity as an end
d. None of the above
Q:
_____________ serves as the foundation for moral rights.
a. Justice as fairness
b. Categorical imperative
c. Ethic of care
d. Aristotelian
Q:
The Categorical Imperative has been criticized for:
a. Being hard to remember
b. Disrespecting the rights of individuals
c. Undermining the moral courage of decision makers
d. Arguing that universal principles apply in every situation
Q:
Which theorist is associated with Justice as Fairness theory?
a. Immanuel Kant
b. John Rawls
c. Jeremy Bentham
d. John Stuart Mill
Q:
Why was the Digital Millennium Copyright Act passed?
Q:
Discuss the Fair Use Doctrine. What are the four statutory factors used to determine if a use is fair?
Q:
Give a brief description of the increased protection in U.S. Copyright laws starting in 1994 and using approximate dates.
Q:
What must a plaintiff prove to establish copyright infringement?
Q:
Discuss how intellectual property is different from other kinds of property.
Q:
Trade secrets are registered just like trademarks.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In order to obtain a patent under U.S. Patent Law, an inventor must have an invention that is
I. Not obvious
II. Unique
III. Useful
IV. Not a modification of any prior patents
a. I only
b. I and II
c. I, II and III
d. I, II, III and IV
Q:
Nike's swoosh, McDonald's arches, and the Xerox name are all identifiable trademarks. Which of the following laws protect(s) them?
I. Lanham Trademark Act of 1946
II. Federal Trademark Dilution Revision Act of 2006
III. Sonny Bono Act of 1998
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and II
d. II and III
Q:
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty to reduce greenhouse admissions, signed by over 200 countries including the United States.
I. True
II. False
Q:
The difference between the Project Gutenberg (PG) and the Google book scanning project is:
a. The PG limits itself to the "classics"
b. The PG limits itself to only works in the public domain
c. Google only digitizes full documents but the PG digitizes key segments
d. The PG limits itself to "orphan" works " those with hard-to-find authors or owners.
Q:
Under the ___________ plan, the EPA auctions a set number of sulfur dioxide emission allowances annually, with each allowance permitting one ton of emissions.
a. allocation of resources
b. tradeable permit
c. green capitalism
d. shareholder activism
Q:
Once the copyright on a work has expired,
a. The owner can renew it for a new term
b. The work is in the public domain
c. The work becomes the property of the government
d. The work is considered no longer creative
Q:
Which piece of legislation was passed first?
a. The Clean Water Act
b. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
c. The Clean Air Act
d. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Q:
If an author owns a copyright to a non-fiction essay, then publishes that essay in an anthology of similar essays published by a major publishing company, the rights involved in this relationship would be referred to as ______.
a. collective work
b. public domain
c. collective bargaining
d. joint domain
Q:
Explain what the Workers Rights Consortium is and what it has done to combat sweatshops.
Q:
Explain how worker's compensation in the U.S. works.
Q:
Discuss how corporate criminal liability has been handled by OSHA since 1970.
Q:
According to Dr. Michael Silverstein, what are the types of risks workers find on the job today?
Q:
According to Guy Mundlak and Issi Rosen-Zvi, hypotheses for the existence of CSR reports include:
I. They have instrumental value to governments.
II. They are a focal point for persuading the corporate world that a new ethical discourse is emerging.
III. They are created to persuade competitors to adopt similar measures and standards of responsibility.
IV. They are created in an attempt to persuade managers and employees that they should be proud of their workplace.
a. III and IV only
b. I, II and III only
c. II, III and IV only
d. I, II, III and IV
Q:
All of the following are true statements regarding the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA, 29 U.S.C. §§ 2601, et seq.), EXCEPT which of the following?
a. An eligible employee is entitled to take 12 weeks of unpaid leave in any 12-month period.
b. Every personal or family emergency qualifies for FMLA leave.
c. Under most circumstances, the employer must reinstate employees when they return from leave.
d. An eligible employee is entitled to take paid leave because of the birth of a son or daughter.
Q:
The Workers Rights Consortium:
I. Combats sweatshops by monitoring and investigating working conditions in factories around the world.
II. Is a U.S. government organization.
III. Covers contractors, subcontractors and manufacturers.
a. I. only
b. I and II only
c. I and III only
d. I, II, and III
Q:
Federal courts have consistently held that the Civil Rights Act's ban on "˜discrimination on the basis of sex" does not include discrimination based on one's sexual orientation or affiliation.
a. True
b. False
Q:
When an employee files a worker's compensation claim:
a. The employee must prove the company was negligent.
b. The employer has the right to raise traditional defenses to negligence to defeat the claim.
c. Both a. and b.
d. Neither a. not b.
Q:
John Smith was assaulted on the loading dock by a coworker, Jim Jones, at the Acme Widget Company. The attack was unprovoked by Smith. After the physical assault, there was an angry verbal exchange between the parties. The incident ended when Jones yelled that Smith was a "sissy" and "everybody knows you're queer as a three dollar bill." Which of the following statements best describes the outcome of the harassment lawsuit filed by Smith under The Civil Right Act of 1964?
I. Sex discrimination is prohibited by federal law (The Civil Right Act of 1964).
II. Sexual orientation discrimination is prohibited by federal law (The Civil Right Act of 1964).
III. Suits based on harassment due to sexual orientation cannot prevail when based on local or state laws.
IV. Sexual orientation discrimination is not prohibited by federal law (Title VII).
a. I only
b. II only
c. III only
d. I and IV
Q:
According to Henry Shue, firms are not in the business of protecting the interests of their workers, except when this is a means to accomplish the organizational objectives.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Employment practices without business justification applied to all employees that result in a less favorable effect for one group than for another group may state a claim for:
a. disparate treatment
b. disparate impact
c. inclusion
d. reasonable accommodation
Q:
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) favors English-only rules because they decrease the ability for people to stereotype based on national origin or ethnicity and thus decrease illegal workplace discrimination.
a. True
b. False
Q:
To establish a prima facie case of religious discrimination, the employee has to show all of the following except which one:
a. That religion has been a significant part of the employee's life for a significant amount of time.
b. That the employee has a sincerely held religious belief.
c. That the employer was on notice that the religious belief was in conflict with the employer's request.
d. That there was a negative employment action based on a conflict between the religious belief and the employment requirement.
Q:
Which of the following federal government agencies is charged with enforcing Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
a. U.S. Department of Labor
b. Merit Systems Protection Board
c. Office of Personnel Management
d. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Q:
Title VII specifically addresses the issues of affirmative action, sexual harassment, and same-sex marriage.
a. True
b. False
Q:
A mayor serving in a major metropolitan area receives an internal memorandum indicating personnel at many police stations are single-race. At the time of the report, thirty percent of the police force was black or Hispanic. She immediately calls a press conference and orders transfers of police officers to achieve racial balance across the city. The transferred police officers sue on constitutional grounds. Assuming just these facts, what is the strongest argument that might be advanced by the transferred officers based on constitutional grounds?
a. Executive action by the mayor is unconstitutional because there was no rational relationship to a valid governmental purpose.
b. The action is "void for vagueness" since transferred police officers must unnecessarily guess at the underlying public policy of the transfer process.
c. The mayor's policy used race as the basis for transfers, and assignments are subject to strict scrutiny.
d. The transfer can be set aside based on intermediate or heightened level of scrutiny.
Q:
Equal protection is the constitutional guarantee:
a. that empowers Congress to regulate equally distributed commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.
b. that laws made in pursuance of the Constitution and all treaties made under the authority of the United States shall be the equally protected as the "supreme law of the land."
c. embodied in the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
d. that grants and distributes power and responsibilities to national and state governments.
Q:
Under the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) it is unlawful for an employer to request, require or purchase genetic information related to employees of their families. List at least three exceptions to this rule.
Q:
Immanuel Kants perfect duty, like William David Ross actual duty, is something they claimed that we must always observe in order to be ethical.
Q:
Immanuel Kant argued that a categorical imperative should be obeyed only by people in the same category, such as all bosses or all employees.
Q:
Bernard Gerts 10 moral rules are focused more on doing good than eliminating evil.
Q:
A proper following of deontological ethical principles could lead us to accurately say we did the right thing even if our right action fails to produce a good result.
Q:
Applying the ethical theory of William David Ross in our media-related job would require us to have a fairly well-honed level of ethical intuition.
Q:
Immanuel Kant insisted that when you make an ethical rule, it should be universalized.
Q:
An example of a supererogatory duty is telling the truth to a boss who asks you a work-related question.
Q:
If no actual duty exists, then William David Ross says that we should follow the appropriate prima facie duty when making a moral decision.
Q:
William David Ross provided a rank-ordered listing of prima facie duties, so people would know which duty is most important.
Q:
Duties that you might have that others might not have (such as attending class or not cheating on this test) are known as particularist duties.
Q:
Immanuel Kant would say that it is _____________ (possible, or impossible) to legitimately exploit some people for the benefit of others.
Q:
The _________________ theory says truth is achieved when our beliefs about something connect with other beliefs we hold to be true.
Q:
The ________________ theory of truth says we need to make decisions about what is true so we can get on with the business of interacting with the real world.
Q:
The _______________ theory of truth holds that truth is based on objective reality.
Q:
What are the key sets of values that emerge from mass media codes of ethics?
Q:
Describe the difference between “terminal” values and “instrumental” values, as defined by Milton Rokeach.
Q:
Most mass communication codes of ethics focus greatly on values that Schwartz says are tied to: A. Self-directionB. TraditionC. BenevolenceD. PowerE. Achievement
Q:
Schwartz and Bilsky said that values ultimately emerge as we resolve conflicts between both of these EXCEPT: A. being open to change/opportunity vs. holding on to the status quo.B. being open to transparency vs. holding on to secrecy.C. being motivated by self-interest vs. motivated by the interests of others.
Q:
Rokeach’s list of instrumental values would include all of these EXCEPT: A. salvation.B. broadmindedness.C. logic.D. politeness.E. cleanliness.
Q:
Rokeach’s list of terminal values would include all of these EXCEPT: A. equality.B. wisdom.C. freedom.D. mature love.E. ambition.