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Chemistry
Q:
The highest coordination number for spherical packing is found in the
A) body-centered cubic structure.
B) simple cubic structure.
C) body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic.
D) cubic closest-packing and hexagonal closest packing.
Q:
Cubic closest-packing
A) has a body-centered cubic unit cell.
B) has a face-centered cubic unit cell.
C) has a simple cubic unit cell.
D) has the same unit cell as hexagonal closest-packing.
Q:
Manganese crystallizes in a body-centered cubic structure. What is the coordination number of each atom?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 12
Q:
Cesium has a radius of 272 pm and crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell. What is the edge length of the unit cell?
A) 314 pm
B) 385 pm
C) 544 pm
D) 769 pm
Q:
An element forms a body-centered cubic crystalline substance. The edge length of the unit cell is 287 pm and the density of the crystal is 7.92 g/cm3. Calculate the atomic weight of the substance.
A) 45.0 amu
B) 48.0 amu
C) 56.4 amu
D) 63.5 amu
Q:
Silver crystallizes in a face-centered cubic structure. What is the edge length of the unit cell if the atomic radius of silver is 144 pm?
A) 204 pm
B) 288 pm
C) 333 pm
D) 407 pm
Q:
Rhodium has a face-centered cubic structure and has a density of 12.4 g/cm3. What is its atomic radius?
A) 134 pm
B) 268 pm
C) 380 pm
D) 1070 pm
Q:
What is the edge length of a face-centered cubic unit cell made up of atoms having a radius of 175 pm?
A) 247 pm
B) 495 pm
C) 700 pm
D) 1400 pm
Q:
Iron crystallizes in a body-centered cubic cell having an edge length of 287 pm. What is the density of iron in g/cm3.
A) 1.99
B) 7.85
C) 11.9
D) 15.9
Q:
Which type of spherical packing has the most unused space?
A) body-centered cubic
B) cubic closest-packed
C) cubic closest-packed and hexagonal closest-packed
D) simple cubic
Q:
How many unit cells share an atom that is on the face of a face-centered cubic unit cell?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 8
Q:
When cubic unit cells stack together, how many unit cells share a common corner?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
Q:
How many atoms are in one body-centered cubic unit cell of a metal?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q:
How many atoms are in one face-centered cubic unit cell of a metal?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q:
The structure of a solid can be determined by diffraction of radiation in which region of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum?
A) infrared
B) microwave
C) visible
D) X-ray
Q:
The wavelength of light used to observe an object must be ________ than the object itself.
A) larger
B) less than twice
C) of higher energy
D) of lower energy
Q:
Which type of bonding does Mg form upon solidification?
A) covalent network
B) ionic
C) metallic
D) molecular
Q:
Which of the following compounds forms a covalent network solid?
A) C8H18
B) NO2
C) SiO2
D) SnCl4
Q:
Which of the following compounds forms a covalent network solid?
A) Li
B) C (diamond)
C) O2
D) CO2
Q:
A crystalline solid of unknown origin forms an aqueous solution that conducts an electrical current. The solid has a high melting point and shatters when struck with a hammer. The solid is likely to be
A) a covalent network solid.
B) an ionic solid.
C) a metallic solid.
D) a molecular solid.
Q:
Which of the following is not an ionic solid?
A) B) Cl
C) NC
D) Ba
Q:
Which of the following is an ionic solid?
A) Cl
B) N
C) D) H
Q:
Which of the following forms an ionic solid?
A) Ag
B) C7H15NH2
C) RbI
D) SO3
Q:
Which of the following statements is not consistent with the properties of a molecular solid?
A) a compound that conducts electricity when molten
B) a low melting solid
C) a solid formed by the combination of two nonmetallic elements
D) a solid that is a nonconductor of electricity
Q:
Which of the following forms a molecular solid?
A) CaO
B) C10H22
C) C(graphite)
D) gold
Q:
Solids having no ordered long-range structure are classified as
A) amorphous.
B) crystalline.
C) metallic.
D) molecular.
Q:
The vapor pressure of liquid chloroform, CHCl3, is 400.0 torr at 24.1C and 100.0 torr at -6.3C. What is Hvap of chloroform?A) 15.3 kJ/molB) 30.1 kJ/molC) 57.6 kJ/molD) 86.7 kJ/mol
Q:
Hydroquinone is an antioxidant that is also used as a photographic reducer and developer. The normal boiling point of hydroquinone is 310C. Calculate the pressure at which hydroquinone will boil at 200C given that its is 73.38 kJ/mol.
A) 1.210 x 10-4 mm Hg
B) 1.35 mm Hg
C) 22.5 mm Hg
D) 757 mm Hg
Q:
While mercury is very useful in barometers, mercury vapor is toxic. Given that mercury has a Hvap of 59.11 kJ/mol and its normal boiling point is 356.7C, calculate the vapor pressure in mm Hg at room temperature, 25C.A) 2.68 x 10-3 mm HgB) 2.99 mm HgC) 372 mm HgD) 753 mm Hg
Q:
A kitchen pressure cooker operates at 1.50 atm. The Hvap of water is 40.7 kJ/mol. What is the boiling point of water in the pressure cooker?A) 362 KB) 373 KC) 385 KD) 410 K
Q:
The normal boiling point for HBr is higher than the normal boiling point for HCl. This can be explained by
A) larger dipole-dipole forces for HBr.
B) larger dispersion forces for HBr.
C) larger hydrogen-bond forces for HBr.
D) larger dipole-dipole forces, larger dispersion forces, and larger hydrogen-bond forces for HBr.
Q:
Arrange the following in order of increasing boiling point.
CH3CH2OH CH3CH2CH3 H3C-O-CH3 CH3CH2NH2
I II III IV
A) IV < III < II < I
B) II < III < IV < I
C) I < IV < III < II
D) II < III < I < IV
Q:
Which of the following has the lowest boiling point?
A) Ar
B) C) HF
D) HCl
Q:
Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
A) CH3CH2OH
B) HOCH2CH2OH
C) H3C-O-CH3
D) CH3CH2CH2CH3
Q:
Which of the following substances has the highest boiling point?
A) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
B) Xe
C) CH3-CH2-CH3
D) (CH3)4C
Q:
Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
A) H2O
B) HCl
C) H2S
D) NH3
Q:
The normal boiling point occurs when the
A) intermolecular forces within the liquid phase are broken.
B) temperature of the pure liquid equals the external temperature.
C) vapor pressure of a pure liquid equals an external pressure of one atmosphere.
D) vapor pressure of the liquid equals the external pressure.
Q:
The vapor pressure of a pure liquid increases as the
A) average kinetic energy of the molecules in the liquid phase decreases.
B) intermolecular attractive forces increase.
C) temperature of the liquid phase decreases.
D) temperature of the liquid phase increases.
Q:
Molecules of a liquid can pass into the vapor phase only if the
A) liquid has little surface tension.
B) molecules have sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces in the liquid.
C) temperature of the liquid is near its boiling point.
D) vapor pressure of the liquid is high.
Q:
As a liquid evaporates at a temperature below its boiling point, the temperature of the liquid
A) decreases.
B) decreases at low temperatures, but increases at high temperatures.
C) increases.
D) remains unchanged.
Q:
When a liquid is heated at its boiling point, the
A) covalent bonds are broken, allowing vaporization to occur.
B) temperature of the liquid increases.
C) temperature of the liquid remains the same as long as any liquid is present.
D) temperature of the vapor phase increases.
Q:
For the process: HNO3(g) HNO3(l)H is -39.04 kJ/mol and S is -111.74 J/(mol K). What is the normal boiling point of pure HNO3?A) 2.86CB) 76.2CC) 270.3CD) 349.4C
Q:
How much heat is released when 75.0 g of steam at 100.0C is cooled to ice at -15.0C? The enthalpy of vaporization of water is 40.67 kJ/mol, the enthalpy of fusion for water is 6.01 kJ/mol, the molar heat capacity of liquid water is 75.4 J/(mol C), and the molar heat capacity of ice is 36.4 J/(mol C).A) 54.8 kJB) 195 kJC) 228 kJD) 248 kJ
Q:
CFC-11 (trichlorofluoromethane, CCl3F) has been used for many years as the working fluid in refrigerators. Given its heat of vaporization is 26.88 kJ/mol and its entropy of vaporization is 90.51 J/(mol K), what is the boiling point of CFC-11?A) -272.9CB) 0.297CC) 2.44CD) 23.8C
Q:
Bromine is one of only two elements that is a liquid at room temperature. Bromine has a heat of vaporization of 30.91 kJ/mol and its boiling point is 59C. What is the entropy of vaporization for bromine?A) -301 J/(mol K)B) -93.1 J/(mol K)C) 10.7 J/(mol K)D) 93.1 J/(mol K)
Q:
Ethyl chloride, C2H5Cl, is used as a local anesthetic. It works by cooling tissue as it vaporizes. The heat of vaporization is 26.4 kJ/mol. How much heat could be removed by 10.0 g of ethyl chloride?
A) 4.09 kJ
B) 170 kJ
C) 264 kJ
D) 1700 kJ
Q:
When a substance melts at its normal melting point, the sign of H is ________ and the sign of S of this phase change is ________.A) + , -B) - , +C) + , +D) - , -
Q:
For which of the following phase changes is the sign of ΔS negative?
A) boiling of water
B) formation of snow from water vapor in clouds
C) melting of ice cream
D) sublimation of I2
Q:
Which of the following phase changes has a positive value for its entropy change?
A) boiling water
B) formation of raindrops from a cloud
C) making dry ice from gaseous CO2
D) making ice cubes from liquid water
Q:
For a particular compound, which is expected to be the largest in general?
A) the heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the gas 10.0C
B) the heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the liquid 10.0C
C) the molar heat of fusion at the normal melting point
D) the molar heat of vaporization at the normal boiling point
Q:
The magnitude of the heats of vaporization, fusion and sublimation of a substance reflect the
A) density of the substance.
B) magnitudes of the boiling and melting points of the substance.
C) strength of the covalent bonds between atoms in each molecule of the substance.
D) strength of the intermolecular forces of the substance.
Q:
Which is expected to have the highest surface tension at 25?
A) C5H12
B) C6H6
C) C2H5OH
D) C3H5(OH)3
Q:
Which of the following is most likely to have the highest viscosity at 25C?
A) C4H10
B) HOCH2CH2OH
C) C8H18
D) C2H5NH2
Q:
Gases do not behave ideally under conditions of ________ pressure and ________ temperature.
Q:
In a flask containing 2.00 mol of He, 3.00 mol of Ne, and 5.00 mol of Ar at STP the partial pressure of He is ________ mm Hg.
Q:
If 1.0 mol of N2 and 3.0 mol of H2 in a closed container initially at STP react completely in the reaction shown below, then the final pressure in the flask will be ________ atm at 273 K.N2(g) + 3 H2(g) -> 2 NH3(g)
Q:
If 0.40 mol of NaN3 reacts completely in the reaction shown below, then ________ L of N2 will be produced at STP.2 NaN3(s) -> 2 Na(s) + 3 N2(g)
Q:
If one mole of gas occupies 22.4 L at STP the same gas would occupy ________ than 22.4 L at 25C and 738 mm Hg.
Q:
At STP if 1.00 mole of gas occupies 22.4 L then 0.200 mole of gas would occupy ________ L under the same conditions.
Q:
One mole of gas at 25C has a ________ volume than one mole of gas at standard temperature.
Q:
One mole of gas at 25C in a 1.0-L flask has a ________ pressure than one mole of gas at 25C in a 5.0-L flask.
Q:
At an atmospheric pressure of 745 mm Hg, what is the pressure of He gas inside a cylinder that is attached to an open-end manometer in which the level of mercury in the open side of the manometer is 25 mm Hg higher than the side that is attached to the gas cylinder?
Q:
Under the same pressure and temperature conditions, the level of water inside a barometer will be ________ than the level of mercury inside the barometer by a factor equal to the ratio of the density of ________ over the density of ________.
Q:
If NO and NH3 are allowed to effuse through a porous membrane under identical conditions, the rate of effusion for NH3 will be ________ times that of NO.A) 0.57B) 0.75C) 1.3D) 1.8
Q:
What is the temperature of NO2 gas if the average speed (actually the root-mean-square speed) of the molecules is 750 m/s?
A) 1.38 K
B) 1.04 103 K
C) 1.38 103 K
D) 1.04 106 K
Q:
Which of the following gases has the lowest average speed at 25C?
A) C3H8
B) Kr
C) CH3NH2
D) SO2
Q:
Which of the following gases has the highest average speed at 400K?
A) N2
B) O2
C) F2
D) Cl2
Q:
A 0.600 g sample containing Ag2O and inert material is heated, causing the silver oxide to decompose according to the following equation:2 Ag2O(s) ->4 Ag(s) + O2(g)If 13.8 mL of gas are collected over water at 27C and 1.00 atm external pressure, what is the percentage of silver oxide in the sample? The partial pressure of water is 26.7 mm Hg at 27C.A) 10.4%B) 20.9%C) 41.8%D) 44.8%
Q:
In the laboratory, hydrogen gas is usually made by the following reaction:Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) -> H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)How many liters of H2 gas, collected over water at an atmospheric pressure of 752 mm Hg and a temperature of 21.0C, can be made from 3.566 g of Zn and excess HCl? The partial pressure of water vapor is 18.65 mm Hg at 21.0C.A) 0.0975 LB) 1.30 LC) 1.33 LD) 1.36 L
Q:
A 1.000 kg sample of nitroglycerine, C3H5N3O9, explodes and releases gases with a temperature of 1985C at 1.100 atm. What is the volume of gas produced?4 C3H5N3O9(s) -> 12 CO2(g) + 10 H2O(g) + 6 N2(g) + O2(g)A) 742.2 LB) 3525 LC) 4730 LD) 5378 L
Q:
2.13 g of (g) is mixed with 15.0 g of (g) in a 2.35 L container. What is the mole fraction of (g) present in the mixture?
A) 0.205
B) 0.876
C) 0.118
D) 0.414
Q:
The mole fraction of carbon dioxide in a gas mixture is 0.200. There are 0.251 g of nitrogen and 0.322 g of oxygen in this gas mixture. What is the mass of carbon dioxide in this mixture?
A) 0.216g
B) 0.373g
C) 0.838g
D) 0.0191g
Q:
What is the mole fraction of in a gas mixture containing 22.3 g of , 15.9 g of , and whose volume at STP is 80.0L?
A) 0.544
B) 0.456
C) 0.928
D) 0.995
Q:
What is the total pressure in a 6.00-L flask which contains 0.127 mol of H2(g) and 0.288 mol of N2(g) at 20.0C?
A) 0.510 atm
B) 0.681 atm
C) 1.16 atm
D) 1.66 atm
Q:
A balloon contains 0.76 mol N2, 0.18 mol O2, 0.031 mol He and 0.026 mol H2 at 749 mm Hg. What is the partial pressure of O2?
A) 20 mm Hg
B) 23 mm Hg
C) 140 mm Hg
D) 570 mm Hg
Q:
How many grams of XeF6 are required to react with 0.579 L of hydrogen gas at 6.46 atm and 45C in the reaction shown below?XeF6(s) + 3 H2(g) -> Xe(g) + 6 HF(g)A) 9.58 gB) 11.7 gC) 35.2 gD) 106 g
Q:
When 14.0 g of zinc metal reacts with excess HCl, how many liters of H2 gas are produced at STP?
A) 0.208 L
B) 0.416 L
C) 4.80 L
D) 9.60 L
Q:
How many liters of oxygen are needed to exactly react with 19.8 g of methane at STP?CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) -> CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l)A) 13.9 LB) 27.8 LC) 55.5 LD) 60.5 L
Q:
The action of some commercial drain cleaners is based on the following reaction:2 NaOH(s) + 2 Al(s) + 6 H2O(l) -> 2 NaAl(OH)4(s) + 3 H2(g)What is the volume of H2 gas formed at STP when 6.32 g of Al reacts with excess NaOH?A) 3.50 LB) 5.25 LC) 7.87 LD) 8.59 L
Q:
Given three cylinders containing O2 gas at the same volume and pressure. Cylinder A is at -15C, cylinder B is at -5F, cylinder C is at 255 K. Which cylinder contains the largest mass of oxygen?
A) cylinder A
B) cylinder B
C) cylinder C
D) All cylinders contain the same mass of O2.