Q&A Hero

Q: In a ketone, the carbonyl group is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Q: Many odors from solvents, paint removers, and perfumes are derived from aldehydes or ketones.

Q: All aldehydes have a carbonyl carbon bonded to at least two hydrogens.

Q: Use the structures below to answer: A) A is chiral and B is achiral B) A is achiral and B is chiral C) both A and B are chiral D) both A and B are achiral

Q: Use the structures below to answer: A) A is chiral and B is achiral B) A is achiral and B is chiral C) both A and B are chiral D) both A and B are achiral

Q: Achiral compounds are those which A) have no "handedness." B) have different mirror images. C) are non-superimposable. D) have the same formula but different structures. E) are a racemic mixture.

Q: Chiral drugs consist of only one enantiomer. The benefits of using a pure enantiomer, rather than a mixture, include A) higher potency (lower total dose of drug). B) elimination of side effects. C) reduced chances of drug interactions. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.

Q: Which molecule below has stereoisomers with different biological effects? A) carvone B) nicotine C) LSD D) epinephrine E) All of the above.

Q: How many different substituents are required on a carbon atom for it to be chiral? A) one B) two C) three D) four E) Any number from 1 to 4; chiralty does not depend on substitution.

Q: Chirality occurs when stereoisomers have mirror images that are A) superimposable. B) the same. C) not superimposable. D) not visible to one another. E) identical.

Q: An enantiomer is A) a stereoisomer that is not a mirror image of another molecule. B) a stereoisomer that is a mirror image of another molecule. C) a diastereoisomer. D) a structural isomer. E) a cis-trans isomer.

Q: What is the acetal formed when propanone reacts with two molecules of methanol?

Q: Which of these compounds is the hemiacetal that forms when ethanol reacts with propanal?

Q: The product of adding two molecules of an alcohol to an aldehyde in the presence of acid is a(n) A) acetal. B) ether. C) hemiacetal. D) hemiether. E) hydroxyl group.

Q: How do sugars form cyclic hemiacetals? A) Two molecules of a sugar react with one another. B) A molecule of sugar reacts with an added alcohol. C) A molecule of sugar reacts with itself. D) A molecule of sugar reacts with an added aldehyde. E) A sugar molecule decomposes.

Q: How many moles of an alcohol are needed to react with 1 mole of an aldehyde to form a hemiacetal? A) 1 B) 1.5 C) 2 D) 3 E) 3.5

Q: An acetal is formed from two molecules of an alcohol and a(n) A) aldehyde. B) ether. C) carboxylic acid. D) alkyl ether. E) ester.

Q: Which of the compounds would give a positive Tollens' test? A) B) C) D) E)

Q: Aldehydes and ketones may be reduced to A) acids. B) alkanes. C) ethers. D) alcohols. E) esters.

Q: Benedict's test requires an aldehyde and an adjacent A) saturated carbon. B) ketone. C) alcohol. D) phenyl ring. E) acid.

Q: The Tollens' test may be used to distinguish A) acids from amines. B) esters from acids. C) ketones from alcohols. D) aldehydes from ketones. E) alcohols from alkenes.

Q: The hydrogenation of 2-methylpropanal gives the product A) 1-butanol. B) 2-methylpropanoic acid. C) 2-methyl-3-propanol. D) 2-methyl-1-propanol. E) 2-methyl-2-propanol.

Q: The addition of hydrogen to an organic compound or the loss of oxygen is called A) reduction. B) oxidation. C) dehydration. D) halogenation. E) hydration.

Q: The reduction of 3-pentanone with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst will yield A) pentane. B) 2-pentene. C) diethyl alcohol. D) 3-pentanol. E) pentanaldehyde.

Q: Which of the following ketones is the most soluble in water?

Q: Which of the following would not be water soluble? A) acetone B) propanal C) 3-heptanone D) formaldehyde E) 2-butanone

Q: Low-molecular-weight ketones are soluble in water. What is the shortest length of the carbon chain where insolubility becomes important? A) one B) two C) four D) five E) eight

Q: The increased boiling point of ketones compared to alkanes and ethers of similar mass is due to A) hydrogen bonding. B) dipole-dipole interactions. C) a bent chain structure. D) resonance. E) ionic interactions.

Q: Aldehydes have higher boiling points than alkanes of similar mass because of A) hydrogen bonding. B) dipole-dipole interactions. C) ionic bonding. D) covalent bonding. E) oxygen bonding.

Q: The flavoring agent found in vanilla is A) an aldehyde. B) a ketone. C) a hydrocarbon. D) an ester. E) a thiol.

Q: Acetone is a ketone commonly used as a A) preservative. B) flavoring agent. C) fuel. D) solvent. E) drain cleaner.

Q: Formalin is A) another name for formaldehyde. B) a plastic. C) an aqueous solution of formaldehyde. D) an excellent solvent. E) a polymer.

Q: What is the name of this compound? A) 2-methylbutanone B) 3-methyl-2-butanone C) 2-methyl-3-butanone D) 3-methylbutanone E) pentanone

Q: In the IUPAC naming system, an aldehyde is named by replacing the -e of the name of the corresponding alkane with A) yne. B) ene. C) al. D) one. E) ol.

Q: In the IUPAC naming system, a ketone is named by replacing the -e in the corresponding alkane name with A) yne. B) ene. C) al. D) one. E) ol.

Q: How many lone pairs of electrons does the oxygen in a carbonyl group have? A) None, they're all bonded. B) one C) two D) three E) four

Q: The oxygen atom in a carbonyl group is ________ the carbon atom. A) more electronegative than B) less electronegative than C) identical in electronegativity to D) more electropositive than E) more soluble than

Q: The carbonyl group consists of A) a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen structure. B) a carbon-oxygen single bond. C) a carbon-oxygen double bond. D) a carbon-oxygen triple bond. E) a carbon-oxygen-carbon structure.

Q: How many hydrogen atoms is the carbonyl group in a ketone bonded to? A) none B) one C) two D) three E) four

Q: In all aldehydes except formaldehyde, how many hydrogen atoms is the carbonyl group bonded to? A) one B) two C) three D) four

Q: Which of the following pairs of compounds are isomers?A) CH3CH2CH2OH and CH3OCH3B) C) D) E)

Q: Three functional groups found in this compound are A) alcohol, aromatic, and ether. B) alcohol, aldehyde, and ether. C) alcohol, ether, and ketone. D) aldehyde, ether, and carboxylic acid. E) cycloalkene, alcohol, and carboxylic acid.

Q: What is the name of this compound?A) 2-pentanoneB) methyl propyl ketoneC) 3-methyl-2-butanoneD) 2-methyl-3-butanoneE) 2-methyl-3-ketone butane

Q: What is the IUPAC name for this compound? A) methylcyclohexanone B) 2,5-dimethylcyclohexanone C) 1,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexanone D) cyclohexyl methyl ketone E) 1,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexanone

Q: What is the IUPAC name for this compound?A) methyl aldehydeB) 1-ethanaldehydeC) 1-ethanoneD) ethanalE) methanal

Q: Which of the following compounds contains a ketone functional group?A) B) C) CH3 - CH2 - O - CH2 -CH3D) E)

Q: Acetone can be produced by the body when a person is A) exercising. B) dieting with high protein diets. C) ill with a flu. D) recovering from surgery. E) sleeping.

Q: Formaldehyde is used industrially to make A) polymers. B) insulating materials. C) carpeting. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.

Q: The common name for 2-butanone, a readily available solvent, isA) methyl acetone.B) methyl ethyl ketone.C) -butanone.D) butyl ketone.E) butyl ether.

Q: The compound 2-propanone is also known asA) acetone.B) 2-propanone.C) dimethyl ketone.D) -propanone.E) propylone.

Q: How many carbonyl-containing isomers does the formula C3H6O have? A) two B) three C) five D) seven E) eight

Q: What are the bond angles in a typical carbonyl group? A) 45 B) 90 C) 109.5 D) 120 E) 135

Q: Which one of the following compounds is an aldehyde?A) B) C) CH3 - CH = CH - CH2 - CH3D) CH3 - CH2 - O - CH2 - CH3E) CH3 - SH

Q: Classify the alcohols shown in column 1 as primary, secondary, or tertiary.A) secondaryB) primaryC) tertiary1> CH3 - CH2 - OH2> 3> 4>5>

Q: Select the correct name for the following. A) propanethiol B) 1-ethyl-3- hydroxycyclohexene C) propane sulfide D) 3-ethylphenol E) diethyl ether 1> CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - SH 2> CH3 - CH2 - O - CH2 - CH3 3>

Q: Match the structural formula with the correct functional group. A) thiol B) alcohol C) ether 1> CH3 - CH2 - OH 2> CH3 - CH2 - O - CH3 3> CH3 - CH2 - SH

Q: Identify the product, if any, that would form in each of the following reactions.A) B) 1> CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH2>

Q: Tertiary alcohols are easily oxidized.

Q: Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones.

Q: Primary alcohols can be oxidized to either aldehydes or ketones.

Q: Alcohols can be dehydrated to form alkenes.

Q: Cycloalkanols are straight chain alcohols.

Q: A secondary alcohol can be easily oxidized to a carboxylic acid.

Q: Heptanol is a water soluble alcohol.

Q: Alcohols can form hydrogen bonds.

Q: Phenols behave as weak acids in water.

Q: The oxygen atom in alcohols decreases water solubility of the molecule.

Q: Alcohols form hydrogen bonds; this accounts for their higher boiling points when compared to similar-sized alkanes.

Q: The following compound is ethyl propyl ether.

Q: Ethers can only be straight chain compounds.

Q: Diethyl ether has been replaced by halogenated anesthetics, which have fewer side effects.

Q: Glycerin strongly attracts and holds water, a property that makes it useful as a skin softener in cosmetics.

Q: 1,2,3-propanetriol is obtained during the manufacture of soap.

Q: Thiols usually have sweet odors.

Q: Alcohols, ethers, and thiols contain oxygen atoms.

Q: Alcohols, ethers, and phenols contain oxygen with only single bonds.

Q: The dehydration product of in the presence of acid isA) CH2 = C = CH2.B) cyclopropane.C) cyclopropene.D) propene.E) propyne.

Q: Thiols can be gently oxidized to A) disulfides. B) aldehydes. C) ketones. D) carboxylic acids. E) thioethers.

Q: Tertiary alcohols are oxidized to A) secondary alcohols. B) ketones. C) aldehydes. D) carboxylic acids. E) None of the above.

Q: Secondary alcohols are oxidized to A) carboxylic acids. B) ketones. C) aldehydes. D) esters. E) ethers.