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Chemistry
Q:
What is not a reaction commonly associated with carbon dioxide?A) Oxyhemoglobin + CO2 Carboxyhemoglobin + O2B) C6H12O6(aq) + 6 O2(g) 6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l)C) CaCO3(s) + heat -> CaO(s) + CO2(g)D) CO2(g) + H2O(l) H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq)
Q:
What statement is inconsistent about carbon monoxide?
A) It is a colorless, odorless and toxic gas.
B) It is formed by burning carbon or hydrocarbon in excess oxygen.
C) One of its main industrial uses is in the synthesis of methanol, CH3OH.
D) Toxicity of CO results from its ability to bond strongly to iron(II) atom in hemoglobin.
Q:
Which carbon containing compound is an inorganic compound?
A) C7H7NO2
B) CO2
C) CH3CO2H
D) C6H5CN
Q:
Which one of the following is the best electrical conductor?
A) C (diamond)
B) C (graphite)
C) P4
D) S8
Q:
What statement is inconsistent about fullerene?
A) It is an allotrope of carbon and the C60 form has soccer ball shape.
B) The C60 form of fullerene is a good oxidizing agent.
C) The C60 fullerene is a molecular substance.
D) The C60 form of fullerene is soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
Q:
Electrical conductivity in graphite is maximized ________.
A) parallel to the pi framework and parallel to the planar C atom framework.
B) perpendicular to the pi framework and parallel to the planar C atom framework.
C) parallel to the pi framework and perpendicular to the planar C atom framework.
D) perpendicular to the pi framework and perpendicular to the planar C atom framework.
Q:
What statement is inconsistent about graphite?
A) Carbon sheets are separated by a distance of 335 pm and are held together by weak London dispersion forces.
B) Electrical conductivity parallel to the planar sheets is 1020 times greater than the conductivity of diamond.
C) Pi electrons are delocalized and free to move perpendicular to the plane of the hexagonal sheets.
D) A two-dimensional sheetlike structure in which each C atom uses sp2 hybrid orbitals.
Q:
What statement is inconsistent about diamond?A) A covalent network structure in which each C atom uses sp3 hybrid orbitals.B) A tetrahedral array of bonds with bond lengths of 154 pm.C) The hardest known substance with the highest melting point for an element.D) When an electrical potential is applied diamond becomes a valuable semiconductor.
Q:
Carbon is the ________ most abundant element by mass in living organisms.
A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth
Q:
Which allotrope of carbon has the atoms arranged in a spherical array?
A) coke
B) diamond
C) fullerene
D) graphite
Q:
What is the molecular structure of germanium that is used in semiconductors?
A) body centered
B) diamond-like
C) graphite-like
D) simple cubic
Q:
What element was one of the "holes" in Mendeleev's periodic table?
A) Si
B) Ge
C) Sn
D) Pb
Q:
White tin is the high temperature form of the metal. Given that the density of gray tin is 5.769 g/cm3 and that of white tin is 7.28 g/cm3 raising the pressure will favor the
A) more dense allotrope and lower the transition temperature of 13.2C.
B) more dense allotrope and raise the transition temperature of 13.2C.
C) less dense allotrope and lower the transition temperature of 13.2C.
D) less dense allotrope and raise the transition temperature of 13.2C.
Q:
What statement is not consistent with the chemistry of lead?
A) It has the highest density of the group 4A elements.
B) It is commonly used as a fuel additive in gasoline to boost the octane rating.
C) It is obtained from its ore galena (PbS) by roasting in air and then by reduction with carbon monoxide.
D) It is used in making pipes, cables, paint pigments and electrodes for storage batteries.
Q:
What is the structure of the "gray" allotropic form of tin that is used as a semiconductor?
A) body centered
B) diamond-like
C) graphite-like
D) simple cubic
Q:
What statement is not consistent with the chemistry of tin?
A) It is abstracted from the mineral cassiterite by reduction of the oxide with carbon.
B) It is an important component of alloys such as bronze, pewter, and some solders.
C) It is a relatively abundant ore within the earth's crust.
D) It is used as a protective coating over steel in making tin cans.
Q:
Which of the following chlorides is the most ionic?
A) CH2Cl2
B) CCl4
C) PbCl2
D) PbCl4
Q:
Which statement is not consistent with the chemistry of group 4A elements?
A) Elements have the outer valence electron configuration of ns2np2.
B) The most common oxidation state for the elements of the group is +4.
C) The +4 oxidation state compounds are ionic and the +2 oxidation state compounds are covalent.
D) The +2 oxidation state for lead is the most stable.
Q:
Which element of group 4A has the greatest electronegativity?
A) C
B) Si
C) Ge
D) Sn
Q:
Which element of group 4A has the greatest density?
A) C
B) Ge
C) Sn
D) Pb
Q:
Which element of group 4A is the most abundant in the earth's crust?
A) C
B) Si
C) Sn
D) Pb
Q:
Which element of group 4A has the highest melting point?
A) C
B) Si
C) Sn
D) Pb
Q:
What is the ground state valence shell electron configuration of a group 4A element?
A) ns0 np4
B) ns1 np3
C) ns2 np2
D) ns2 np4
Q:
Some commercial drain cleaners contain aluminum chips and sodium hydroxide pellets. When water is added to this mixture a vigorous reaction takes place which is best represented as:A) 2 Al(s) + 6 H+(aq) -> 2 Al3+(aq) + 3 H2(g).B) 2 Al(s) + 2 OH-(aq) + 6 H2O(l) -> 2 Al(OH)4-(aq) + 3 H2(g).C) 2 Al(s) + 6 H2O(l) -> 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 H2(g).D) 2 Al(s) + 3 Cu2+(aq) -> 2 Al3+(aq) + 2 Cu(s).
Q:
Which is not a facile reaction of aluminum?A) 2 Al(s) + 3 Br2(g) -> 2 AlBr3(s)B) 4 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) -> 2 Al2O3(s)C) 2 Al(s) + N2(g) -> 2 AlN(s)D) 2 Al(s) + 6 H2O(l) -> 2 Al(OH)3 + 3 H2(g)
Q:
What is the hybridization of boron in diborane B2H6?
A) sp
B) sp2
C) sp3
D) None of these
Q:
Compared to the terminal B-H bonds the bridging H-B bonds in B2H6 areA) longer and stronger.B) longer and weaker.C) shorter and stronger.D) shorter and weaker.
Q:
Which compound contains hydrogen atoms that form two types of bonds?
A) B2H6
B) C2H2
C) C6H6
D) N2H4
Q:
Which one of the following compounds contains a three-center, two electron (3c-2e) bond?
A) B2H6
B) C2H4
C) N2H4
D) H2O2
Q:
What is the geometric structure of BF3 and the hybridization of the B atom?
A) trigonal planar and sp2 hybridization
B) trigonal planar and sp3 hybridization
C) pyramidal and sp2 hybridization
D) tetrahedral and sp3 hybridization
Q:
What is not an appropriate method for the isolation of elemental boron?
A) refluxing borax with sodium peroxide
B) high temperature reduction of B2O3 with magnesium
C) high temperature reduction of BBr3 with hydrogen over a Ta wire
D) electrolytic reduction of aqueous B(OH)3
Q:
The strongest reducing agent in the group 3A is
A) B.
B) Al.
C) Ga.
D) Tl.
Q:
Which M3+ ion of group 3A elements is the easiest to reduce?
A) B
B) Al
C) Ga
D) In
Q:
The first ionization energy of gallium is greater than that of aluminum and the first ionization energy of thallium is greater than that of indium. A possible explanation for this is:
A) This is the normal trend in ionization energy.
B) Both Ga and Tl prefer to lose three electrons rather than one.
C) Both Ga and Tl follow transition elements which are excellent shielders of nuclear charge.
D) Ga follows a series of transition elements and Tl follows both a series of transition elements and inner transition elements which are poor shielders of nuclear charge.
Q:
Which group 3A element has the highest electronegativity?
A) B
B) Al
C) Ga
D) In
Q:
Which elements of group 3A are commonly used in semiconductors?
A) B and Al
B) Al and Ga
C) Ga and In
D) In and Tl
Q:
One of the group 3A elements is extremely toxic due to the similarities in chemistry of one of its ions to alkali metal chemistry. Which element is it?
A) B
B) Ga
C) In
D) Tl
Q:
Which group 3A element has the largest liquid range of any known element?
A) Al
B) Ga
C) In
D) Tl
Q:
Of the following elements, which has a melting point slightly above room temperature?
A) B
B) Ga
C) In
D) Tl
Q:
Which group 3A element exhibits the most nonmetallic character?
A) B
B) Ga
C) In
D) Tl
Q:
What are the common oxidation states of the Group 3A elements Al and Tl?
A) both are +3
B) +3 for Al and +1 for Tl
C) +3 for Al and both +1 and +3 for Tl
D) +3 for Al and +1, +3, and -5 for Tl
Q:
Which of the group 3A elements is the only one to readily form a +1 ion?
A) B
B) Al
C) In
D) Tl
Q:
What is the geometric structure of P4 molecules?
A) linear
B) rectangular
C) square planar
D) tetrahedral
Q:
Which compound exhibits pi bonding?
A) F2
B) N2
C) P4
D) S8
Q:
Which one of the following elements forms the strongest π-bonds?
A) C
B) Si
C) Ge
D) Sn
Q:
Which one of the following elements can form more than four bonds with other elements?
A) N
B) O
C) F
D) S
Q:
What is not a true statement?
A) BeO is amphoteric but the oxides of the other group 2A elements are basic.
B) B differs from other elements of group 3A by forming mainly covalent molecular compounds.
C) BF3 is a gaseous molecular halide but AlF3 is a high melting ionic solid.
D) Compounds with C=C double bonds and Si=Si double bonds are quite common.
Q:
Which one of the following compounds exhibits the strongest hydrogen bonding between its molecules?
A) HF
B) HCl
C) HBr
D) HI
Q:
Which one of the following compounds that contains a Group 5A element is least likely to exist?
A) NCl3
B) NCl5
C) PCl3
D) PCl5
Q:
Second row elements differ from heavier elements in all of the following ways except:
A) Atoms of second row elements are smaller.
B) Atoms of second row elements have higher electronegativities.
C) Heavier elements commonly form multiple bonds while second row elements cannot.
D) Heavier elements have electrons in d orbitals while second row elements do not.
Q:
Which one of the following elements forms the most acidic binary oxide?
A) Na
B) C
C) N
D) P
Q:
What are the basic oxides of the following set Na2O, MgO, P4O10, SO3, and Cl2O7?
A) Na2O and MgO
B) Na2O, MgO, and P4O10
C) P4O10, SO3, and Cl2O7
D) SO3 and Cl2O7
Q:
Which of the following elements forms the most ionic binary hydride?
A) Na
B) Be
C) O
D) F
Q:
Atomic radius of main-group elements generally ________.
A) increases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
B) increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
C) decreases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
D) decreases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
Q:
Electronegativity of main-group elements generally ________.
A) increases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
B) increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
C) decreases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
D) decreases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
Q:
Ionization energy of main-group elements generally ________.
A) increases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
B) increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
C) decreases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
D) decreases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
Q:
Among the main-group elements the number of semimetals is ________.
A) five
B) six
C) seven
D) eight
Q:
Which of the following elements exhibits the most metallic character?
A) Ga
B) Ge
C) As
D) Se
Q:
What is the most metallic element of group 4A?
A) Si
B) Ge
C) Sn
D) Pb
Q:
Metallic character for the main group elements generally ________.
A) increases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
B) increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
C) decreases from left to right across a period and increases down a group
D) decreases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group
Q:
As one traverses the periodic table from left to right, the effective nuclear charge Zeff increases. As a result of this the periodic properties of ________.
A) atomic size increases, IE increases, EA increases and electronegativity increases
B) atomic size decreases, IE increases, EA increases and electronegativity increases
C) atomic size decreases, IE decreases, EA increases and electronegativity increases
D) atomic size decreases, IE increases, EA decreases and electronegativity increases
Q:
Which one of the following is not a main group element?
A) Na
B) Ba
C) Fe
D) Ga
Q:
What is the top chemical compound produced in the United States?
A) N2
B) NH3
C) CaO
D) H2SO4
Q:
What are the three most abundant elements in the human body?
A) H, C, O
B) H, O, N
C) H, C, N
D) H, C, P
Q:
What are the three most abundant elements in the Earth's crust?
A) H, O, C
B) O, Al, Si
C) O, Si, Fe
D) Al, Si, Fe
Q:
Disproportionation is a reaction in which a reactant is both oxidized and reduced in the same reaction. In the disproportionation reaction below, the oxidation number of chlorine in Cl2, ClO-, and Cl- is ________, ________, and ________, respectively.Cl2(g) + 2 OH-(aq) -> ClO-(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l)
Q:
The most stable allotrope of sulfur is S8. What are the approximate bond angles in S8?
Q:
The highest and lowest oxidation states exhibited by Group 6A elements are ________ and ________.
Q:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays an important role in energy transfer within cells. ATP can be considered to be an ester of triphosphoric acid, which is formed by the combination of three phosphoric acid molecules with the elimination of two water molecules. What is the formula of triphosphoric acid?
Q:
Ring strain the cause of high molecular reactivity that occurs when the angles in a ring of atoms are not close to "normal" bond angles (90 when the bonds are formed by atoms using pure p-orbitals, 109.5 using sp3 hybrid orbitals, 120 using sp2 orbitals, etc.). The angles in white phosphorus, P4, measure ________, and P4 ________ (is, is not) expected to exhibit ring strain and be very reactive.
Q:
Why is H3PO4 a weak triprotic acid whereas H3PO3 is a weak diprotic acid?
Q:
When P4O10 is dissolved in water, the water will have a(n) ________ (acidic, basic, neutral) pH due to the reaction ________.
Q:
In the reaction below, ________ is the oxidizing agent and ________ is the reducing agent.N2H4(l) + N2O4(l) -> 3 N2(g) + 4 H2O(g)
Q:
The oxidation numbers of nitrogen in NH4NO3 are ________ and ________.
Q:
The most acidic oxides of the group 5A elements are oxides of the element ________.
Q:
Diopside, CaMgSi2O6, is an example of a(n) ________ (orthosilicate, single-strand silicate, double-strand silicate, and cyclic silicate).
Q:
Wollastonite, CaSiO3, is an example of a(n) ________ (orthosilicate, single-strand silicate, double-strand silicate, and cyclic silicate).
Q:
The ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms in orthosilicate, single-strand silicates, double-strand silicates, and cyclic silicates is ________, ________, ________, and ________, respectively.
Q:
The charge, n, on the cyclic anion Si6O18n that is found in the mineral beryl is ________.
Q:
When a person exhales through a straw into water, the water will have a(n) ________ (acidic, basic, neutral) pH due to the reaction ________.