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Q:
The intensity of a beam of light is related to its
A) frequency.
B) relative number of photons.
C) speed.
D) wavelength.
Q:
An oxygen molecule has a mass of 5.3 10-26 kg and an approximate diameter of 3.6 10-10 m. If the molecule is moving at 400 m/s (1000 mph) with an uncertainty in velocity of 1 m/s, the uncertainty in position
A) is less than or equal to 5 10-26 m.
B) must be equal to 5 10-26 m.
C) must be equal to 1 10-9 m.
D) is greater than or equal to 1 10-9 m.
Q:
A baseball with a mass of 150 g is moving at a velocity of 40 m/s (90 mph). If the uncertainty in the velocity is 0.1 m/s, the uncertainty in position
A) may be zero.
B) must be less than or equal to 4 10-33 m.
C) must be 4 10-33 m.
D) must be greater than or equal to 4 10-33 m.
Q:
According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle,
A) the position of a particle cannot be measured precisely.
B) the momentum of a particle cannot be measured precisely.
C) neither the position nor the momentum of a particle can be measured precisely.
D) the position and momentum of a particle can be measured precisely, but not at the same time.
Q:
Which of the following is not true?
A) All moving objects have wave characteristics.
B) For objects moving at a given speed, the larger the mass, the shorter the wavelength.
C) The de Broglie relation and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle apply only to small particles.
D) The Heisenberg uncertainty principle is an inequality.
Q:
The wave characteristics of a large, moving object, such as an automobile, are difficult to observe because the
A) energy is not quantized.
B) energy is quantized, but the spacing between energy levels is small.
C) wavelength is very large.
D) wavelength is very small.
Q:
What is the de Broglie wavelength of a 300-g object moving at a velocity of 50 m/s (about 100 mph)?
A) 4 10-38 m
B) 4 10-35 m
C) 4 109 m
D) 4 1012 m
Q:
An old copper penny has a mass 3 1022 times that of a copper atom. Compare the de Broglie wavelength of a penny moving at 0.5 m/s to that of a copper atom moving 104 times as fast. The wavelength for the
A) copper atom is 3 1018 times that of the penny.
B) copper atom is 3 1026 times that of the penny.
C) penny is 3 1018 times that of the copper atom.
D) penny is 3 1026 times that of the copper atom.
Q:
What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron (m = 9.11 10-31 kg) moving at a velocity of
3.0 107 m/s (10% of the speed of light)?
A) less than 3.9 10-12 m
B) 2.4 10-11 m
C) 3.3 10-8 m
D) greater than 1.1 10-4 m
Q:
Of the following, which has the shortest de Broglie wavelength?
A) an airplane moving at a velocity of 300 mph
B) a helium nucleus moving at a velocity of 1000 mph
C) a nitrogen molecule moving at a velocity of 1000 mph
D) a nitrogen molecule moving at a velocity of 5000 mph
Q:
Which of the following is not quantized?
A) the charge on a monatomic ion
B) the distance between two objects
C) the population of the United States
D) the static charge on a balloon rubbed with wool
Q:
A quantized variable
A) can be continuously varied.
B) can only assume certain values.
C) consists of photons.
D) is extremely small.
Q:
What is a quantum of light called?
A) the amplitude
B) the frequency
C) a photon
D) the wavelength
Q:
A person is most likely to experience serious biological effects when exposed to which of the following forms of electromagnetic radiation?
A) Microwaves
B) infrared
C) Ultraviolet
D) X-rays
Q:
According to the Balmer-Rydberg equation, the transition from n = 6 to m = 2 results in a spectral line having which color?
A) blue
B) blue-green
C) indigo
D) red
Q:
According to the Balmer-Rydberg equation, which transition results in the emission of a photon in the ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum?A) m = 1 -> n = 2B) m = 3 -> n = 4C) m = 2 -> n = 1D) m = 4 -> n = 3
Q:
According to the Balmer-Rydberg equation, electromagnetic radiation with wavelength λ = 486.1 nm will be absorbed when an electron undergoes which of the following transitions?A) m = 2 -> n = 3B) m = 2 -> n = 4C) n = 3 -> m = 2D) n = 4 -> m = 2
Q:
According to the Balmer-Rydberg equation, electromagnetic radiation with the shortest wavelength will be emitted when an electron undergoes which of the following transitions?A) m = 1 -> n = 2B) m = 2 -> n = 3C) n = 2 -> m = 1D) n = 3 -> m = 2
Q:
Light can be made to have a higher intensity by raising its
A) amplitude.
B) energy.
C) frequency.
D) wavelength.
Q:
Photochemists use electromagnetic radiation to initiate chemical reactions, often by providing the energy required to break bonds within a molecule. Lowering which of the following will result in electromagnetic radiation having more energy per photon?
A) amplitude
B) frequency
C) intensity
D) wavelength
Q:
Dentists employ light-cured materials to fill cavities. The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation used to photopolymerize restorative materials falls in the ultraviolet or visible region, depending on the instrument employed. Which of these wavelengths is in the UV region?
A) 31 nm
B) 350 nm
C) 430 nm
D) 1030 nm
Q:
What is the frequency of a helium-neon laser light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm? The speed of light is 3.00 108 m/s.
A) 4.74 1014 s-1
B) 4.74 105 s-1
C) 2.11 10-15 s-1
D) 1.58 10-15 s-1
Q:
Arrange the following spectral regions in order of increasing energy:
infrared, microwave, ultraviolet, visible.
A) microwave < infrared < visible < ultraviolet
B) microwave < visible < infrared < ultraviolet
C) ultraviolet < infrared < visible < microwave
D) ultraviolet < visible < infrared < microwave
Q:
The greater the energy of a photon, the
A) longer the wavelength and the higher the frequency.
B) longer the wavelength and the lower the frequency.
C) shorter the wavelength and the higher the frequency.
D) shorter the wavelength and the lower the frequency.
Q:
Arrange the following spectral regions in order of increasing wavelength:
infrared, microwave, ultraviolet, visible.
A) microwave < infrared < visible < ultraviolet
B) microwave < visible < infrared < ultraviolet
C) ultraviolet < infrared < visible < microwave
D) ultraviolet < visible < infrared < microwave
Q:
Which elements will react rapidly with aqueous H+ ions and also with liquid H2O?
A) Al, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn
B) Au, Co, Cu, Ni, Sn
C) Au, Li, K, Ni, Sn
D) Ba, Ca, Li, K, Na
Q:
Based on the activity series, which metal dissolves in hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas?
A) Ag
B) Au
C) Co
D) Cu
Q:
Coinage metals are metals that are not easily oxidized. Based on the activity series, which metal would be least desirable as a coinage metal?
A) Al
B) Au
C) Mg
D) Mn
Q:
Using the following sequence of reactions, determine the order of oxidizing agents (strongest to weakest).Q + U+ -> Q+ + UU + W+ -> U+ + WQ + W+ -> Q+ + WA) Q > U > WB) W > U > QC) Q+ > U+ > W+D) W+ > U+ > Q+
Q:
Using the following sequence of reactions, determine the order of reducing agents (strongest to weakest).A + B+ -> A+ + BA + C+ -> A+ + CB + C+ -> no reactionA) A > B > CB) A > C > BC) B > C > AD) C+ > B+ > A+
Q:
Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half reactionsK(s) -> K+(aq) + e-Al(s) -> Al3+(aq) + 3e-Fe(s) -> Fe2+(aq) + 2e-Sn(s) -> Sn2+(aq) + 2e-determine which pairs of reactions will occur.A) Al(s) with Fe2+(aq) and Sn(s) with K+(aq)B) Fe(s) with Al(s) and Al3+(aq) with Sn2+(aq)C) Fe(s) with Sn2+(aq) and Al(s) with Sn2+(aq)D) K(s) with Al3+(aq) and Fe(s) with Al3+(aq)
Q:
Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half reactionsMg(s) -> Mg2+(aq) + 2e-Zn(s) -> Zn2+(aq) + 2e-Cu(s) -> Cu2+(aq) + 2e-indicate which pairs of reactions will occur.A) Cu(s) with Zn2+(aq) and Zn(s) with Mg2+(aq)B) Mg(s) with Cu2+(aq) and Zn2+(aq) with Mg2+(aq)C) Mg(s) with Cu(s) and Zn(s) with Cu(s)D) Mg(s) with Zn2+(aq) and Zn(s) with Cu2+(aq)
Q:
Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half reactionsCa(s) -> Ca2+(aq) + 2e-Mg(s) -> Mg2+(aq) + 2e-Zn(s) -> Zn2+(aq) + 2e-Cu(s) -> Cu2+(aq) + 2e-determine which reaction will not occur.A) Ca(s) with Cu2+(aq)B) Ca(s) with Zn2+(aq)C) Zn(s) with Cu2+(aq)D) Zn(s) with Mg2+(aq)
Q:
Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half reactionsK(s) -> K+(aq) + e-Al(s) -> Al3+(aq) + 3e-Fe(s) -> Fe2+(aq) + 2e-Sn(s) -> Sn2+(aq) + 2e-determine which reaction will occur.A) Al3+(aq) with Fe(s)B) Al(s) with Sn(s)C) K+(aq) with Fe2+(aq)D) K(s) with Sn2+(aq)
Q:
Using the following portion of the activity series for oxidation half-reactions, determine which combination of reactants will result in a reaction.Na(s) -> Na+(aq) + e-Cr(s) -> Cr3+(aq) + 3e-A) Na(s) with Cr(s)B) Na(s) with Cr3+(aq)C) Na+(aq) with Cr3+(aq)D) Na+(aq) with Cr(s)
Q:
In the reaction 2 H2O2(l) -> 2 H2O(l) + O2(g) oxygen isA) both oxidized and reduced.B) neither oxidized nor reduced.C) only oxidized.D) only reduced.
Q:
Disproportionation is a reaction in which a substance is both oxidized and reduced in the reaction. Which is a disproportionation reaction?A) ClO3-(aq) + 3 Cu(s) + 6 H+(aq) -> Cl-(aq) + 3 Cu2+(aq) + 3 H2O(l)B) ClO-(aq) + Pb(OH)4-(aq) -> Cl-(aq) + PbO2(s) + H2O(l) + 2 OH-(aq)C) 6 Cl-(aq) + Cr2O72-(aq) + 14 H+(aq) -> 3 Cl2(g) + 2 Cr3+(aq) + 7 H2O(l)D) Cl2(g) + 2 OH-(aq) -> Cl-(aq) + ClO-(aq) + H2O(l)
Q:
Which species functions as the reducing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction?ZnO(s) + C(s) -> Zn(s) + CO(g)A) C(s)B) CO(g)C) Zn(s)D) ZnO(s)
Q:
Which species functions as the reducing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction?2 P(s) + 3 Br2(l) -> 2 PBr3(l)A) Br-(aq)B) Br2(l)C) P(s)D) P3+(aq)
Q:
Which species functions as the oxidizing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction?5 Fe2+(aq) + MnO4-(aq) + 8 H+(aq) -> Mn2+(aq) + 5 Fe3+(aq) + 4 H2O(l)A) Fe2+(aq)B) H+(aq)C) Mn2+(aq)D) MnO4-(aq)
Q:
Which species functions as the oxidizing agent in the following reduction-oxidation reaction?Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) -> Cu(s) + Zn2+(aq)A) Cu(s)B) Cu2+(aq)C) Zn(s)D) Zn2+(aq)
Q:
What is the oxidation number change for the iron atom in the following reaction?2 Fe2O3(s) + 3 C(s) -> 4 Fe(s) + 3 CO2(g)A) -6B) -3C) +3D) +6
Q:
What is the oxidation number change for the manganese atom in the following unbalanced reduction half reaction?MnO4-(aq) + H+(aq) -> Mn2+(aq) + H2O(l)A) -7B) -5C) +5D) +7
Q:
In which compound is the oxidation state of hydrogen not +1?
A) H2O
B) H2O2
C) NaH
D) Na2HSO4
Q:
In which compound is the oxidation state of oxygen not "2?
A) MgO
B) Li2O
C) Na2O2
D) Al2O3
Q:
What is the oxidation number of the oxygen atom in H2O2?
A) -2
B) -1
C) +1
D) +2
Q:
What is the oxidation number of the chromium atom in K2Cr2O7?
A) -2
B) +2
C) +6
D) +7
Q:
What is the oxidation number of the sulfur atom in H2SO4?
A) -2
B) +2
C) +4
D) +6
Q:
What is the oxidation number of the sulfur atom in S8?A) -2B) 0C) +6D) +8
Q:
By analogy with the oxoacids of sulfur, H2TeO3 would be named
A) hydrotellurous acid.
B) pertelluric acid.
C) telluric acid.
D) tellurous acid.
Q:
The chemical formula for sulfurous acid is
A) H2S(aq).
B) H2SO3(aq).
C) H2SO4(aq).
D) H2S2O7(aq).
Q:
An aqueous solution of HI is named
A) hydriodic acid.
B) hydroiodous acid.
C) iodic acid.
D) iodous acid.
Q:
Write a net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction of H3PO4(aq) with Ba(OH)2(aq).A) 2 H3PO4(aq) + 3 Ba(OH)2(aq) -> Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6 H2O(l)B) 2 H3PO4(aq) + 3 Ba2+(aq) + 6 OH-(aq) -> Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6 H2O(l)C) 6 H+(aq) + 2 PO43-(aq) + 3 Ba2+(aq) + 6 OH-(aq) -> Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6 H2O(l)D) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H2O(l)
Q:
Write a net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction of CH3CO2H(aq) with CsOH(aq).A) CH3CO2H(aq) + CsOH(aq) -> CH3CO2Cs(aq) + H2O(l)B) CH3CO2-(aq) + H+(aq) + Cs+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> CH3CO2-(aq) + Cs+ + H2O(l)C) CH3CO2H(aq) + Cs+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> CH3CO2Cs(s) + H2O(l)D) CH3CO2H(aq) + OH-(aq) -> CH3CO2-(aq) + H2O(l)
Q:
Write a net ionic equation for the neutralization reaction of HCN(aq) with NaOH(aq).A) HCN(aq) + NaOH(aq) -> NaCN(aq) + H2O(l)B) HCN(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> Na+(aq) + CN-(aq) + H2O(l)C) HCN(aq) + OH-(aq) -> CN-(aq) + H2O(l)D) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H2O(l)
Q:
How many H+ ions can the acid CH3CO2H donate per molecule?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q:
How many H+ ions can the acid H3PO4 donate per molecule?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
Q:
How many H+ ions can the acid, H2CO3, donate per molecule?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
Q:
Which of the following is not a strong acid?
A) HF
B) HCl
C) HBr
D) HI
Q:
When dissolved in water, of HClO4, Ca(OH)2, KOH, HI, which are bases?
A) Ca(OH)2 and KOH
B) HClO4 and HI
C) only HI
D) only KOH
Q:
When dissolved in water, of HClO4, Ca(OH)2, KOH, HI, which are acids?
A) Ca(OH)2 and KOH
B) HClO4 and HI
C) only HI
D) only KOH
Q:
Which one of the following compounds behaves as an acid when dissolved in water?
A) BaO
B) CH4
C) HBr
D) KOH
Q:
Which of the following compounds is an Arrhenius base in water?
A) CH3OH
B) CH3CO2H
C) HOCl
D) KOH
Q:
Which of the following compounds is an Arrhenius base in water?
A) C6H12O6
B) HOClO2
C) H2SO4
D) NH3
Q:
When dissolved in water, LiOH behaves as
A) an acid that forms Li+ and OH- ions.
B) an acid that forms LiO- and H+ ions.
C) a base that forms Li+ and OH- ions.
D) a base that forms LiO- and H+ ions.
Q:
What ion is provided when Arrhenius bases dissolve in water?
A) H+
B) Na+
C) Cl-
D) OH-
Q:
Which of the following compounds is not an Arrhenius acid?
A) CH3CO2H
B) CH3NH2
C) HNO3
D) H2SO4
Q:
What reagent would distinguish between Ag+ and Fe3+?
A) NaClO3
B) NaI
C) NaNO3
D) NaOH
Q:
What reagent would distinguish between Ba2+ and Pb2+?
A) NaCl
B) NaNO3
C) Na2SO4
D) Na2S2O3
Q:
When Na2CrO4(aq) and AgNO3(aq) are mixed, a red colored precipitate forms which is
A) Ag.
B) Ag2CrO4.
C) AgNO2.
D) NaNO3.
Q:
When K2SO4(aq) and Pb(NO3)2(aq) are mixed, a white colored precipitate forms which is
A) KNO3.
B) K2SO3.
C) Pb.
D) PbSO4.
Q:
Which pair of reactants will produce a precipitate when mixed together?
A) HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq)
B) HCl(aq) and Na2CO3(aq)
C) HCl(aq) and Na2S(aq)
D) HCl(aq) and Pb(NO3)2(aq)
Q:
Predict the products of a reaction between Ba(NO3)2(aq) and K2SO4(aq).
A) Ba(s), KNO3(aq) and K2SO3(aq)
B) BaSO3(s) and KNO2(aq)
C) BaSO3(s) and KNO3(aq)
D) BaSO4(s) and KNO3(aq)
Q:
Predict the products of a reaction between AgNO3(aq) and KBr(aq).
A) Ag(s) and NO(g)
B) Ag(s) and Br2(l)
C) AgBr(s) and KNO3(aq)
D) AgNO3(aq) and KBr(aq)
Q:
What reagent could not be used to separate Cl- from OH- when added to an aqueous solution containing both?
A) AgNO3(aq)
B) Ca(NO3)2(aq)
C) Cu(NO3)2(aq)
D) Fe(NO3)3(aq)
Q:
What reagent could be used to separate Br- from NO3- when added to an aqueous solution containing both?
A) AgNO3(aq)
B) Ba(OH)2(aq)
C) CuSO4(aq)
D) NaI(aq)
Q:
The mixing of which pair of reactants will result in a precipitation reaction?
A) Cu(NO3)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq)
B) K2SO4(aq) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)
C) NaClO4(aq) + (NH4)2S(aq)
D) NH4Br(aq) + NaI(aq)
Q:
The mixing of which pair of reactants will result in a precipitation reaction?
A) CsI(aq) + NaOH(aq)
B) HCl(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq)
C) K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)
D) NaNO3(aq) + NH4Cl(aq)
Q:
Phthalic acid is a diprotic acid having the formula HO2CC6H4CO2H that can be converted to a salt by reaction with base. Which of the following is expected to be most soluble in water?
A) HO2CC6H4CO2H
B) HO2CC6H4CO2Na
C) HO2CC6H4CO2K
D) NaO2CC6H4CO2K
Q:
Which pair of compounds is soluble in water?
A) AgBr and AgI
B) CdS and (NH4)2S
C) KI and Ba(NO3)2
D) NaNO3 and CuCO3