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Chemistry
Q:
Which elements of group 6A are oxidizing agents and which are reducing agents?
A) O and S are oxidizing agents while Se and Te are reducing agents.
B) O and Se are oxidizing agents while S and Te are reducing agents.
C) O and S are reducing agents while Se and Te are oxidizing agents.
D) O and Se are reducing agents while S and Te are reducing agents.
Q:
Which element of group 6A has the highest boiling point?
A) S
B) Se
C) Te
D) Po
Q:
Which element of group 6A has the highest melting point?
A) S
B) Se
C) Te
D) Po
Q:
What statement is not characteristic about group 6A elements?
A) Oxygen, sulfur, and selenium are typical nonmetals while tellurium is a semi-metal.
B) Oxygen is a powerful oxidizing agent but H2Se and H2Te are good reducing agents.
C) S, Se, and Te are much less electronegative than oxygen and commonly have positive oxidation states.
D) The favored oxidation state of Te and Po is +2.
Q:
Which group 6A element is naturally radioactive?
A) S
B) Se
C) Te
D) Po
Q:
Which group 6A element has the most negative electron affinity?
A) O
B) S
C) Se
D) Te
Q:
What is the molecular structure of phosphorous acid? A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q:
What is the most acidic oxide of phosphorus?
A) PO2
B) PO3
C) P4O6
D) P4O10
Q:
What is an appropriate method for the synthesis of phosphorus?A) 2 Ca3(PO4)2(s) + 10 C(s) + 6 SiO2(s) + heat -> P4(g) + 10 CO(g) + 6 CaSiO3(l)B) 4 PCl5(s) + heat -> P4(g) + 10 Cl2(g)C) 4 PH3(g) + heat -> P4(g) + 6 H2(g)D) P4O6(s) + heat -> P4(g) + 3 O2(g)
Q:
What is not an appropriate method of making phosphoric acid?A) PH3(g) + 2 O2(g) -> H3PO4(l)B) PCl5(s) + 4 H2O(l) -> H3PO4(aq) + 5 HCl(aq)C) P4O10(s) + 6 H2O(l) -> 4 H3PO4(aq)D) P4(s) + 16 H2O(l) -> 4 H3PO4(aq) + 2 H2(g)
Q:
In which compound is phosphorus in its lowest oxidation state?
A) P4O6
B) PCl3
C) PH3
D) PCl5
Q:
What is not a characteristic of white phosphorus?
A) At temperatures less than 0C it is converted to red phosphorus.
B) It bursts into flames when exposed to air, thus it is stored under water.
C) It has a low melting point (44C).
D) It is soluble in nonpolar solvent such as carbon disulfide CS2.
Q:
What is the structure of white phosphorus?
A) cage system of Px molecules
B) discrete P atoms
C) discrete P4 molecules
D) polymeric chain-like structure
Q:
Aqua regia, which can be used to dissolve gold,may be prepared by
A) adding HCl to HN
B) Adding NaCl to H
C) adding NaCl to S
D) Adding KCl to
Q:
Which of the following statements describing an aqua regia solution is true?
A) The purpose of the addition of hydrochloric acid is to diminish the oxidizing ability of the acid solution.
B) Aqua regia is a buffer solution with pH adjusted to 6.0.
C) Gold metal dissolves in aqua regia to become gold(1I) hydroxide.
D) Copper will generate red-brown fumes of N gas when dropped into aqua regia.
Q:
What statement about nitric acid is not true?
A) It is a strong oxidizing agent.
B) It is one of the more common strong acids and is essentially 100% dissociated in water.
C) It often has a yellow color due to the formation of NO2.
D) Its anhydride is N2O3.
Q:
What is responsible for the brownish colored gas when copper dissolves in nitric acid?A) 2 NO(g) + O2(g) -> 2 NO2(g)B) 2 N2(g) + O2(g) -> 2 NO(g)C) NH4NO3(l) -> N2O(g) + 2 H2O(g)D) 2 NO2(g) -> N2O4(g)
Q:
Why does Cu dissolve in concentrated nitric acid but not in concentrated hydrochloric acid?
A) The chloride ion is a stronger oxidizing agent than the nitrate ion.
B) The hydrochloric acid is not as strong as nitric acid.
C) The hydrochloric acid produces insufficient hydronium ion to react with the copper.
D) The nitrate ion is a stronger oxidizing agent than the hydronium ion.
Q:
What is not a key step in the production of nitric acid by the Ostwald process?A) 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) -> 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(l)B) 2 NO(g) + O2(g) -> 2 NO2(g)C) 3 NO2(g) + H2O(l) -> 2 HNO3(aq) + NO(g)D) N2(g) + O2(g) -> 2 NO(g)
Q:
If the anhydride of nitrous acid (HNO2) is N2O3 then what is the anhydride of nitric acid (HNO3)?
A) NO2
B) NO3
C) N2O3
D) N2O5
Q:
What is one method of making "laughing gas"?A) NH4NO3(s) + heat -> N2O(g) + 2 H2O(l)B) 3 Cu(s) + 2 NO3-(aq) + 8 H+(aq) -> 3 Cu2+(aq) + 2 NO(g) + 4 H2O(l)C) Cu(s) + 2 NO3-(aq) + 4 H+(aq) -> Cu2+(aq) + 2 NO2(g) + 2 H2O(l)D) 2 NO(g) + O2(g) -> 2 NO2(g)
Q:
What is the chemical equation for the production of hydrazine?A) N2(g) + 3 H2(g) -> 2 NH3(g)B) 2 NH3(aq) + OCl-(aq) -> N2H4(aq) + H2O(l) + Cl-(aq)C) 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) -> 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(l)D) Au(s) + 3 NO3-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) + 4 Cl-(aq) -> AuCl4-(aq) + 3 NO2(g) + H2O(l)
Q:
What is the Haber process?
A) the isolation of N2 from the atmosphere
B) the synthesis of ammonia, NH3
C) the synthesis of nitric acid, HNO3
D) the synthesis of hydrazine, N2H4
Q:
The oxygen-oxygen bond order in ozone, O3, is ________. The oxygen-oxygen bond in O3 is ________ than the oxygen-oxygen bond in O2, so O3 is ________ reactive than O2.
Q:
Hydrogen peroxide can act as an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent. The reaction of hydrogen peroxide with permanganate ion in acidic solution is shown below.H2O2(aq) + 2 MnO4-(aq) + 6 H+ -> 5 O2(g) + 2 Mn2+(aq) + 8 H2O(l)In this reaction hydrogen peroxide acts as the ________ agent, and the ________ atom undergoes a change in oxidation number from ________ to ________.
Q:
Superoxide ion, O2-, peroxide ion, O22-, and oxide ion, O2-, contain ________, ________, and ________ unpaired electrons, respectively.
Q:
Binary oxides can be classified as acidic, amphoteric, or basic. MgO, Al2O3, and SO3 are classified as ________, ________, and ________ oxides, respectively.
Q:
The carbon atom in CO2 is -bonded to two oxygen atoms. The silicon atom in SiO2 is ________-bonded to ________ oxygen atoms.
Q:
The preparation of oxygen by the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate is shown below.
2 KClO3(s) 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
In this reaction the atom that is reduced is ________, which undergoes an oxidation number change from ________ to ________.
Q:
Binary hydrides can be classified as covalent, ionic, or metallic. NaH, HCl, and NH3 are classified as ________, ________, and ________ binary hydrides, respectively.
Q:
The first step in the steam-hydrocarbon re-forming process for the industrial preparation of hydrogen is shown below.
H2O(g) + CH4(g) CO(g) + 3 H2(g)
In this reaction the atom that is oxidized is ________, which undergoes an oxidation number change from ________ to ________.
Q:
An example of an isotope effect is the difference in the dissociation of D2O compared to H2O, as shown below.H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) K =1.0 10-14D2O(l) D+(aq) + OD-(aq) K =2.0 10-15A neutral H2O solution has a pH = ________, whereas a neutral D2O solution has a pH = pD = ________.
Q:
Hydrogen has three isotopes, H, H, and H, which are called ________, ________, and ________, respectively.
Q:
When 0.350 grams of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate is exposed to moist air , it absorbs water. If the hydrated copper compound has a mass of 0.508 grams, what is the chemical formula of the hydrate?A) CuSO4 2H2OB) CuSO4 3H2OC) CuSO4 4H2OD) CuSO4 5H2O
Q:
A 0.954-gram sample of hydrated magnesium sulfate, MgSO4 xH2O, is heated until all of the water is driven off. If 0.465 grams of anhydrous MgSO4 is obtained, how many water molecules combine with each formula unit of magnesium sulfate in the hydrate?
A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8
Q:
When 1.800 grams of anhydrous magnesium chloride were exposed to moist air, water was absorbed by the sample. If the resulting hydrated compound has a mass of 2.481 grams, what is the chemical formula of the hydrate?
A) MgCl2 H2O
B) MgCl2 2H2O
C) MgCl2 3H2O
D) MgCl2 4H2O
Q:
The following molecular orbital energy level diagram shows the energies and occupancies of the MOs derived from the atomic 2p orbitals for an oxygen-containing binary compound of potassium. This compound is a A) peroxide that is attracted by magnetic fields.
B) peroxide that is repelled by magnetic fields.
C) superoxide that is attracted by magnetic fields.
D) superoxide that is repelled by magnetic fields.
Q:
The following molecular orbital energy level diagram shows the energies and occupancies of the MOs derived from the atomic 2p orbitals for an oxygen-containing binary compound of potassium. This compound is a A) peroxide that is attracted by magnetic fields.
B) peroxide that is repelled by magnetic fields.
C) superoxide that is attracted by magnetic fields.
D) superoxide that is repelled by magnetic fields.
Q:
The following molecular orbital energy level diagram shows the energies and occupancies of the MOs derived from the atomic 2p orbitals for an oxygen-containing binary compound of potassium. This compound is a A) peroxide having a stronger O-O bond than O2.
B) peroxide having a weaker O-O bond than O2.
C) superoxide having a stronger O-O bond than O2.
D) superoxide having a weaker O-O bond than O2.
Q:
The following molecular orbital energy level diagram shows the energies and occupancies of the MOs derived from the atomic 2p orbitals for an oxygen-containing binary compound of potassium. This compound is a A) peroxide having a stronger O-O bond than O2.
B) peroxide having a weaker O-O bond than O2.
C) superoxide having a stronger O-O bond than O2.
D) superoxide having a weaker O-O bond than O2.
Q:
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table. The oxide of which element in its highest oxidation state is a liquid? A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table. The oxide of which element in its highest oxidation state can react with both H+(aq) and OH-(aq)? A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
The oxide of which element, identified by letters A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table, is most basic in its highest oxidation state? A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
The oxide of which element, identified by letters A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table, is most acidic in its highest oxidation state? A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide has the lowest melting point?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide has the highest melting point?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide is a solid with an infinitely extended three-dimensional crystal structure?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide is the most basic?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide is the most acidic?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Which oxide is the most covalent?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Q:
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table. Consider the oxides that form when the elements A-D are in their highest oxidation states.Which oxide is the most ionic?A) AB) BC) CD) D
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Identify the element represented by the lightly-shaded spheres.A) CB) MgC) ND) Na
Q:
In the following picture of an uncharged oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second- or third-row element in its highest oxidation state. Identify the element represented by the lightly-shaded spheres. A) Al
B) C
C) N
D) S
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Identify the element represented by the lightly-shaded spheres. A) C
B) N
C) S
D) Si
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is expected to be a gas (or a liquid) or a high-melting solid. A) covalent and gas or liquid
B) covalent and high-melting solid
C) ionic and liquid or gas
D) ionic and high-melting solid
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is acidic or basic. A) covalent and acidic
B) covalent and basic
C) ionic and acidic
D) ionic and basic
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a third-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is acidic or basic. A) covalent and acidic
B) covalent and basic
C) ionic and acidic
D) ionic and basic
Q:
In the following picture of an oxide, darkly-shaded spheres represent oxygen atoms or ions and lightly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of a second-row element in its highest oxidation state. Tell whether the oxide is covalent or ionic and whether the oxide is acidic or basic. A) covalent and acidic
B) covalent and basic
C) ionic and acidic
D) ionic and basic
Q:
Picture (a) shows p-orbital overlap between carbon and oxygen atoms; picture (b) shows p-orbital overlap between silicon and oxygen atoms. Based on these pictures, it is expected that
A) carbon and oxygen form better σ bonds than silicon and oxygen, so C-O single bonds are stronger than Si-O single bonds.
B) silicon and oxygen form better σ bonds than carbon and oxygen, so Si-O single bonds are stronger than C-O single bonds.
C) carbon and oxygen form better π bonds than silicon and oxygen, so C=O double bonds are stronger than Si=O double bonds.
D) silicon and oxygen form better π bonds than carbon and oxygen, so Si=O double bonds are stronger than C=O double bonds.
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms an interstitial binary hydride with the formula MXx?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms a covalent binary hydride with the formula MX4?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms an ionic binary hydride with the formula MX2?
A) element A
B) element B
C) element C
D) element D
Q:
Which element shown on the periodic table above forms a covalent binary hydride with the formula MX3?A) element AB) element BC) element CD) element D
Q:
What group of elements is most likely to from ionic hydrides of the type MH2?A) AB) BC) CD) D
Q:
What group of elements is most likely to form covalent molecular hydrides?A) AB) BC) CD) D
Q:
In the picture representing binary hydride AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A. If A is a second-period element, the oxidation state of hydrogen and the oxidation state of element A in the binary hydride shown below areA) +1 and -2.B) +1 and -1.C) -1 and +1.D) -1 and +3.
Q:
In the picture representing binary hydride AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A. The oxidation state of hydrogen and the oxidation state of element A in the binary hydride shown below are A) +1 and -3.
B) +1 and -1.
C) -1 and +1.
D) -1 and +3.
Q:
In the picture representing binary hydride AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A. If A is a second-period element, the oxidation state of hydrogen and the oxidation state of element A in the binary hydride shown below are A) +1 and -3.
B) +1 and -1.
C) -1 and +1.
D) -1 and +3.
Q:
Which hydride dissolves in water to form an acidic solution?
A) hydride (1)
B) hydride (2)
C) hydride (3)
D) hydride (4)
Q:
Which hydride reacts with water at 25C to give H2 gas and forms a basic solution?
A) hydride (1)
B) hydride (2)
C) hydride (3)
D) hydride (4)
Q:
The following pictures represent binary hydrides, AHx, where A = Na, Ti, C, or Cl. Lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-colored spheres represent atoms or ions of element A.Which hydride has the lowest melting point?A) hydride (1)B) hydride (2)C) hydride (3)D) hydride (4)
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (4) is classified asA) covalent.B) interstitial (metallic).C) ionic.D) none of the above
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (3) is classified as
A) covalent.
B) interstitial (metallic).
C) ionic.
D) none of the above
Q:
The binary hydride shown in picture (2) is classified as
A) covalent.
B) interstitial (metallic).
C) ionic.
D) none of the above
Q:
In the following pictures representing binary hydrides AHx, lightly-shaded spheres represent H atoms or ions and darkly-shaded spheres represent atoms or ions of the other element, A.The binary hydride shown in picture (1) is classified asA) covalent.B) interstitial (metallic).C) ionic.D) none of the above
Q:
Using the above models of hydrides, indicate the one most representative of an ionic hydride.A) IB) IIC) IIID) IV
Q:
From the above models of hydrides, indicate the one most representative of an interstitial metallic hydride.A) IB) IIC) IIID) IV
Q:
When 3.00 grams of the anhydrous blue colored CoCl2 is exposed to moist air it forms 5.50 grams of the red-violet hydrate. Determine the number of moles of water that combine with one mole of CoCl2.A) 4B) 6C) 8D) 10
Q:
When 5.60 grams of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate is exposed to moist air, it absorbs water. If the hydrated copper compound has a mass of 8.13 grams, what is the chemical formula of the hydrate?
A) CuSO4 2H2O
B) CuSO4 3H2O
C) CuSO4 4H2O
D) CuSO4 5H2O
Q:
A 7.63-gram sample of hydrated magnesium sulfate MgSO4 xH2O is heated until all of the water is driven off. If 3.72 grams of anhydrous MgSO4 is obtained, how many water molecules combine with each formula unit of magnesium sulfate in the hydrate?
A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8