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Chemistry
Q:
When 3.600 grams of anhydrous magnesium chloride were exposed to moist air, water was absorbed by the sample. If the resulting hydrated compound has a mass of 4.962 grams, what is the chemical formula of the hydrate?
A) MgCl2 H2O
B) MgCl2 2H2O
C) MgCl2 3H2O
D) MgCl2 4H2O
Q:
When 0.500 grams of CuSO4 5H2O is heated at a temperature of 300C for twenty minutes it loses some water of hydration. If the resulting sample weighs 0.427 grams then what is the formula of the compound?
A) CuSO4 H2O
B) CuSO4 2H2O
C) CuSO4 3H2O
D) CuSO4 4H2O
Q:
What is the anhydrous form of sulfuric acid, H2SO4?
A) SO2
B) SO3
C) SO32-
D) SO42-
Q:
What is the anhydrous form of nitric acid, HNO3?
A) NO
B) NO2
C) N2O3
D) N2O5
Q:
When all water is removed from a hydrate the resulting product is said to be
A) androgenous.
B) anhydrous.
C) arable.
D) arid.
Q:
Compounds that absorb water from the atmosphere are said to be
A) hygroscopic.
B) macroscopic.
C) orthoscopic.
D) symbiotic.
Q:
Which compound is not considered to be a hydrate?
A) [Mg(H2O)6](ClO4)2
B) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3
C) CuSO4 H2O
D) HOClO2
Q:
Which one of the following compounds is a hydrate?
A) H2O2
B) H2SO4
C) CoCl2 6 H2O
D) Cu(OH)2
Q:
All of the following are reactions commonly associated with water exceptA) 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> H2(g) + 2 Na+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)B) Ca(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> H2(g) + Ca2+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)C) F2(g) + H2O(l) -> HOF(aq) + HF(aq)D) Cl2(g) + H2O(l) -> HOCl(aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Q:
What are the three major chemicals that are commercially obtained from seawater?
A) sodium chloride, magnesium, and bromine
B) sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate
C) sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium carbonate
D) sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate
Q:
What are the four major ionic constituents of seawater?
A) Cl-, Na+, Mg2+, HCO3-
B) Cl-, Na+, SO42-, Mg2+
C) Cl-, Na+, SO42- , HCO3-
D) Na+, SO42-, Mg2+, Ca2+
Q:
Which of the following chemical reagents is not used in the purification of water?
A) NaNO3
B) Cl2
C) CaO
D) Al2(SO4)3
Q:
Water accounts for approximately two-thirds of the mass of the adult human body. If an adult human has a mass of 145 pounds, how many water molecules are there in the adult human's body?
A) 96.7 molecules
B) 2.43 103 molecules
C) 1.47 1027 molecules
D) 2.20 1027 molecules
Q:
An estimated 1.35 1018 m3 of water is present in the earth's oceans. Assuming water has a density of 1 g/mL then how many kilograms of water does this volume contain?
A) 1.35 109 kg
B) 1.35 1012 kg
C) 1.35 1021 kg
D) 1.35 1034 kg
Q:
In the reaction of ozone shown below, which of the following unbalanced half-reactions shows the species undergoing reduction and the reduced product?O3(g) + 2 I-(aq) + H2O(l) -> O2(g) + I2(s) + 2 OH-(aq)A) O3(g) -> O2(g)B) O3(g) -> OH-(aq)C) H2O(l) -> O2(g)D) H2O(l) -> OH-(aq)
Q:
What is not a characteristic of ozone, O3?
A) It is a nonlinear triatomic system.
B) It has one single bond and one double bond.
C) It is an extremely powerful oxidizing agent.
D) It is made by passing an electrical discharge through oxygen.
Q:
What are the allotropes of oxygen?
A) O and O2
B) O2 and O3
C) O, O2 and O3
D) O2, O3 and O4
Q:
In which of the following reactions does hydrogen peroxide act as a reducing agent?A) PbS(s) + 4 H2O2(aq) -> PbSO4(s) + 4 H2O(l)B) H2O2(aq) + 2 H+(aq) + 2I-(aq) -> 2 H2O(l) + I2(aq)C) 5 H2O2(aq) + 2 MnO4-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) -> 8 H2O(l) + 5 O2(g) + 2 Mn2+(aq)D) 2 Fe2+(aq) + H2O2(aq) + 2 H+(aq) -> 2 Fe3+(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
Q:
Indicate the coefficient in front of H2O2 when the following redox equation is balanced in an acidic medium.H2O2(aq) + MnO4-(aq) -> O2(g) + Mn2+(aq)A) 2B) 3C) 5D) 7
Q:
Indicate the coefficient in front of H2O2 when the following redox equation is balanced in an acidic medium.H2O2(aq) + Cl-(aq) -> H2O(l) + Cl2(aq)A) 1B) 2C) 3D) 4
Q:
What is not a characteristic of the aqueous chemical reactions of hydrogen peroxide?
A) It is a strong oxidizing agent.
B) It is a reducing agent.
C) It behaves as a weak base.
D) It undergoes disproportionation.
Q:
In which compound does oxygen have a -1 oxidation state?
A) H2O
B) H2O2
C) O2
D) MgO
Q:
What is the oxidation number of oxygen in BaO2?
A) 0
B) -1/2
C) -1
D) -2
Q:
What is the oxidation number of oxygen in KO2?
A) 0
B) -1/2
C) -1
D) -2
Q:
When KO2 is dissolved in water the evolution of oxygen takes place according to the reaction In this reaction the O2- ion undergoes
A) disproportionation.
B) isomerization.
C) only oxidation.
D) only reduction.
Q:
What is the reaction of potassium peroxide in water?A) 2 KO2(s) + H2O(l) -> O2(g) + 2 K+(aq) + HO2-(aq) + OH-(aq)B) K2O2(s) + H2O(l) -> 2 K+(aq) + HO2-(aq) + OH-(aq)C) 2 K2O2(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> 4 K+(aq) + 4 OH-(aq) + O2(g)D) K2O(s) + H2O(l) -> 2 K+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)
Q:
Which has the greatest number of unpaired electrons?A) O2-B) O2C) O2-D) O22-
Q:
What is the bond length trend for molecular oxygen, the peroxide ion, and superoxide ion?
A) O2 > O2- > O22-
B) O2 > O22- > O2-
C) O22- > O2- > O2
D) O22- > O2 > O2-
Q:
Which of the following is a peroxide?
A) Li2O
B) K2O2
C) CaO
D) CsO2
Q:
What is the chemical formula for the superoxide ion?
A) O-
B) O2-
C) O2-
D) O22-
Q:
When sodium metal is heated in excess oxygen it tends to form
A) an oxide.
B) a peroxide.
C) a superoxide.
D) an oxide and a superoxide.
Q:
Which reaction is not consistent with the chemistry of binary oxides?A) Na2O(s) + H2O(l) -> 2 Na+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq)B) SiO2(s) + 2 OH-(aq) -> SiO32-(aq) + H2O(l)C) Al2O3(s) + 6 H+(aq) -> 2 Al3+(aq) + 3 H2O(l)D) N2O5(aq) + 2 H+(aq) -> 2 NO2+(aq) + H2O(l)
Q:
Which one of the following binary oxides is the most basic?
A) B2O3
B) Al2O3
C) Ga2O3
D) In2O3
Q:
Which one of the following binary oxides is the most basic?
A) Na2O
B) Al2O3
C) P2O5
D) SO3
Q:
Which of the following binary oxides is the most acidic?
A) Cr
B) C
C) CrO
D) MgO
Q:
Which of the following oxides has the lowest melting point?
A) B) Si
C) D) MgO
Q:
Which of the following oxides has the highest melting point?
A) MgO
B) Na2O
C) D) SO3
Q:
Which one of the following binary oxides is the most acidic?
A) P2O5
B) As2O5
C) Bi2O5
D) Cl2O7
Q:
Which one of the following binary oxides is the most acidic?
A) Na2O
B) Al2O3
C) P2O5
D) Cl2O7
Q:
Which is classified as an amphoteric binary oxide?
A) B2O3
B) CO2
C) Al2O3
D) SiO2
Q:
Which is classified as an ionic binary oxide?
A) MgO
B) CO2
C) P2O5
D) SO3
Q:
At 25°C CO2 is a gas and SiO2 is a high-melting solid. In these compounds of oxygenA) both carbon in CO2 and silicon in SiO2 are -bonded to two oxygen atoms.B) both carbon in CO2 and silicon in SiO2 are -bonded to four oxygen atoms.C) carbon in CO2 is -bonded to two oxygen atoms and silicon in SiO2 is -bonded to four oxygen atoms.D) silicon in SiO2 is Ï€-bonded to two oxygen atoms and carbon in CO2 is -bonded to four oxygen atoms.
Q:
In the preparation of oxygen by the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate shown below, what is the oxidation number change of the atom undergoing reduction?2 KClO3(s) -> 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)A) - 8B) - 6C) + 1D) + 2
Q:
Commercially oxygen is usually obtained by
A) decomposition of mercury(II) oxide.
B) decomposition of potassium chlorate.
C) electrolytic decomposition of water.
D) fractional distillation of air.
Q:
Using the three different isotopes of oxygen 16O, 17O, 18O and the major isotope of hydrogen, 1H. Determine the number of different types of isotopically substituted hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, that could be formed.
A) 3
B) 5
C) 6
D) 9
Q:
There are three different isotopes of hydrogen 1H, 2H, 3H and three different isotopes of oxygen 16O, 17O, 18O. Indicate the number of different types of isotopically substituted water, H2O, that could be formed.
A) 9
B) 12
C) 15
D) 18
Q:
There are three isotopes of oxygen 16O, 17O and 18O. Indicate the number of different types of isotopically substituted diatomic oxygen.
A) 3
B) 5
C) 6
D) 9
Q:
Which is not true about elemental oxygen?
A) Oxygen exists in two allotropic forms.
B) Oxygen has a double bond.
C) Oxygen is a diamagnetic element.
D) Solid oxygen is pale blue in color
Q:
Which will is least likely to form an interstitial hydride?
A) Si
B) Pd
C) Pt
D) Ti
Q:
Which element most readily forms nonstoichiometric hydrides?
A) Pd
B) Na
C) Sb
D) Si
Q:
Which transition metal hydride is commonly used in the purification of hydrogen gas?
A) Cu
B) Fe
C) Pt
D) Pd
Q:
What is the oxidation number of N in NH3?
A) -3
B) -1
C) +1
D) +3
Q:
Covalent hydrides of the type MH3 are likely to form with elements of what group?
A) 3A
B) 4A
C) 5A
D) 6A
Q:
The net ionic reaction of solid CaH2 with water isA) CaH2(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2 H2(g)B) CaH2(s) + 2 H2O(l) -> Ca2+(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) + 2 H2(g)C) H-(aq) + H2O(l) -> OH-(aq) + H2(g)D) CaH2(s) + H2O(l) -> CaO(s) + 2 H2(g)
Q:
Which of the following binary hydrides has the highest melting point?
A) AlH3
B) CaH2
C) NH3
D) SiH4
Q:
In which set are all compounds considered to be covalent binary hydrides?
A) NaH, KH, CaH2, BaH2
B) MgH2, SrH2, AlH3, SiH4
C) BeH2, B2H6, CH4, NH3
D) MgH2, AlH3, SiH4, H2S
Q:
In which set are all compounds considered to be ionic binary hydrides?
A) NaH, KH, CaH2, BaH2
B) MgH2, SrH2, AlH3, SiH4
C) BeH2, B2H6, CH4, NH3
D) MgH2, AlH3, SiH4, H2S
Q:
Which is an ionic binary hydride?
A) HCl
B) KH
C) both HCl and KH
D) neither HCl nor KH
Q:
What is the Lewis electron dot structure for the hydride ion?A) H+B) H: -C) H D) H3O+
Q:
The largest single industrial use of hydrogen is
A) in the synthesis of methanol.
B) in the synthesis of ammonia.
C) in the hydrogenation of fats and oils.
D) as an automobile fuel.
Q:
The first step in the steam-hydrocarbon re-forming process is shown below.H2O(g) + CH4(g) -> CO(g) + 3 H2(gWhat is the change in oxidation number of the atom undergoing oxidation in this reaction?A) - 2B) + 1C) + 2D) + 6
Q:
Write a chemical equation representing the water gas shift reaction.A) H2O(g) + CH4(g) -> CO(g) + 3 H2(g)B) 2 H2O(l) -> 2 H2(g) + O2(g)C) CO(g) + H2O(g) -> CO2(g) + H2(g)D) 4 H2O(g) + 3 Fe -> Fe3O4(s) + 4 H2(g)
Q:
What is not a commercial method for the preparation of hydrogen gas?A) H2O(g) + CH4(g) -> CO(g) + 3 H2(g)B) 2 H2O(l) -> 2 H2(g) + O2(g)C) H2O(g) + C(s) -> CO(g) + H2(g)D) 4 H2O(g) + 3 Fe -> Fe3O4(s) + 4 H2(g)
Q:
If the molar mass of monoatomic deuterium (D) is 2.0141 grams then what is the density of diatomic deuterium (D2) gas at 25.0C and 1.00 atmosphere pressure?
A) 0.082 g/L
B) 0.165 g/L
C) 0.329 g/L
D) 12.2 g/L
Q:
The dissociation of D2O is shown below.D2O D+(aq) + OD-(aq) K = 1.95 10-15 at 25CIn order to be acidic a D2O solution must have a pH (= pD) that isA) greater than 7.00B) greater than 7.35C) less than 7.00D) less than 7.35
Q:
Differences in the physical properties of H2O and D2O are due to isotope effects. Which comparison is not correct? Compared to H2O, D2O has a higher
A) boiling point.
B) density.
C) dissociation constant.
D) melting point.
Q:
Which isotope of diatomic hydrogen should have the highest heat of vaporization?
A) H2
B) D2
C) T2
D) The values are equal.
Q:
Which is not an isotope of hydrogen?
A) hydrogen-1
B) hydrogen-2
C) hydrogen-3
D) hydrogen-4
Q:
The strongest homonuclear single bond isA) H-HB) C-CC) N-ND) O-O
Q:
Which individual is generally given credit for the discovery of hydrogen gas?
A) Cavendish
B) Davy
C) Lavoisier
D) Priestley
Q:
The cell reaction 2 Fe3+(aq) + Zn(s) -> Zn2+(aq) + 2 Fe2+(aq) occurs in the galvanic cell shown above. Which would be the most appropriate choices for the solidelectrode in half-cell (A) and in half-cell (B)?A) Fe(s) for half-cell (A) and Zn(s) for half-cell (B)B) Pt(s) for half-cell (A) and Zn(s) for half-cell (B)C) Fe(s) for half-cell (A) and Fe(s) for half-cell (B)D) Zn(s) for half-cell (A) and Pt(s) for half-cell (B)
Q:
The cell reaction 2 Fe3+(aq) + Zn(s) -> Zn2+(aq) + 2 Fe2+(aq) occurs in the galvanic cell shown above. Where should the Fe3+(aq) and Fe2+(aq) be found?A) Half-cell (A) contains Fe3+(aq) and half-cell (B) contains Fe2+(aq).B) Half-cell (A) contains Fe2+(aq) and half-cell (B) contains Fe3+(aq).C) Half-cell (A) contains Fe3+(aq) and Fe2+(aq).D) Half-cell (B) contains Fe3+(aq) and Fe2+(aq).
Q:
For the galvanic cell shown above, in what direction should the anions and cations in half-cell A move?A) The anions tend to move to the solid electrode and the cations into the salt bridge.B) The anions tend to move into the salt bridge and the cations toward the solid electrode.C) The anions tend to move toward the solid electrode and the cations should not move.D) The cations tend to move toward the solid electrode and the anions should not move.
Q:
The bright colors of anodized titanium are due toA) electrodeposition of organic dyes on the titanium surface.B) the formation of a titanium alloy with chromium and copper.C) iridescence involving the semitransparent outer layer of TiO2.D) trapping of organic dye molecules in a spongy TiO2 matrix.
Q:
The bright colors of anodized aluminum are due to
A) electrodeposition of organic dyes on the aluminum surface.
B) the formation of an aluminum alloy with chromium and copper.
C) iridescence involving the semitransparent outer layer of Al2O3.
D) trapping of organic dye molecules in a spongy Al2O3 matrix.
Q:
A constant current is passed through a solution containing Cu2+(aq) resulting in the deposition of 4.40 g of Cu at the cathode. Assuming a current efficiency of 100%, if this same current is passed through a solution of TcO4- for the same amount of time, how many grams of Tc would form at the cathode?A) 0.969 gB) 1.94 gC) 6.78 gD) 13.6 g
Q:
Chromium can be electroplated from an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and chromic acid, H2CrO4. What current is required to deposit chromium at a rate of 1.25 g/min?
A) 38.1 A
B) 38.7 A
C) 116 A
D) 232 A
Q:
How long must a constant current of 50.0 A be passed through an electrolytic cell containing aqueous Cu2+ ions to produce 3.00 moles of copper metal?
A) 0.311 hours
B) 0.621 hours
C) 1.61 hours
D) 3.22 hours
Q:
How many grams of nickel metal are plated out when a constant current of 15.0 A is passed through aqueous NiCl2 for 80.0 minutes?
A) 14.7 g
B) 21.9 g
C) 43.8 g
D) 48.4 g
Q:
How many grams of chromium metal are plated out when a constant current of 8.00 A is passed through an aqueous solution containing Cr3+ ions for 40.0 minutes?
A) 3.45 g
B) 6.15 g
C) 10.3 g
D) 31.0 g