Civil Engineering

Q: The rate of change refers to how a dependent variable changes with respect to an independent variable. a. True b. False, that's the definition of slope.

Q: Calculus is commonly divided into two broad areas: a. single variable and multivariable calculus. b. differential and integral calculus. c. vector and matrix calculus. d. linear and nonlinear calculus.

Q: A company advertises a gadget at the regular price of $8, with a coupon for a second gadget at half price. The company sold 50 gadgets for a total of $364. How many coupons were redeemed?

Q: Solve the following set of equations using the Gaussian method:

Q: Solve the following set of equations using matrices:

Q: Given the following matrix: calculate the determinant of .

Q: Given the following matrix: find .

Q: Perform the following operations on the given matrices:

Q: The gravitational force between two masses is modeled using the following function: where gravitational force (Newtons) mass number 1 (kilograms) mass number 2 (kilograms) distance between centers of masses (meters) Which type of mathematical model is used here to describe the gravitational force? a. Linear model b. Nonlinear model c. Exponential model d. Trigonometric model

Q: The position of an object subjected to constant acceleration can be described by the following function: where position (m) initial position (m) initial velocity (m/s) acceleration (m/s^2) time (sec) Which type of mathematical model is used here to describe the object's position? a. Linear model b. Nonlinear model c. Exponential model d. Trigonometric model

Q: The path of flight (trajectory) of a football thrown by a quarterback is described by the following function: where y = vertical position of football relative to the ground (ft) x = horizontal position of football relative to launch position (ft) How high above the ground is the football when it is 30 yards downfield from the quarterback? a. 26.2 ft b. 29.8 ft c. 13.8 ft d. 53.8 ft

Q: The path of flight (trajectory) of a football thrown by a quarterback is described by the following function: where y = vertical position of football relative to the ground (ft) x = horizontal position of football relative to launch position (ft) How high above the ground is the football as it leaves the quarterback's hand? a. 0.002 ft b. 0.7 ft c. 7 ft d. 7.7 ft

Q: The path of flight (trajectory) of a football thrown by a quarterback is described by the following function: where y = vertical position of football relative to the ground y0 = vertical launch position of football relative to the ground x = horizontal position of football relative to launch position g = magnitude of gravitational acceleration v0 = launch speed Î¸ = launch angle relative to horizontal Which type of mathematical model is used here to describe the football's trajectory? a. Linear model b. Nonlinear model c. Exponential model d. Trigonometric model

Q: The velocity of an object under constant acceleration can be modeled using the following function: v(t) = v0 + at where v = velocity v0 = initial velocity a = acceleration t = time Which type of mathematical model is used to describe velocity in this application? a. Linear model b. Nonlinear model c. Exponential model d. Logarithmic model

Q: Hooke's Law describes the relationship between force F and deflection x in a spring according to the following equation: . Which type of mathematical model is used in Hooke's Law? a. Linear model b. Nonlinear model c. Exponential model d. Logarithmic model

Q: For nonlinear models (equations) the slope is constant. a. True b. False

Q: For many engineering situations, exponential and logarithmic models are used to describe the relationships between dependent and independent variables because they predict the actual relationships more accurately than linear models do. a. True b. False

Q: For many engineering situations, nonlinear models are used to describe the relationships between dependent and independent variables because they predict the actual relationships more accurately than linear models do. a. True b. False

Q: Find an equation of the line through (5,2) that is perpendicular to the line .

Q: Find an equation of the line through (5,2) that is parallel to the line .

Q: Find an equation of the line that passes through the points (-1,2) and (3,-4).

Q: Find an equation of the line through (1,-3) with a slope of .

Q: The pitch of a roof refers to its "steepness" and is expressed in terms of the number of inches the roof rises for each 12 inches of run. For example, an 8-12 pitch means that the roof rises 8 inches vertically for each 12 inches of horizontal run. What is the slope of a roof with an 8-12 pitch?

Q: Find the slope of the line that passes thru the points (2,1) and (8,5).

Q: The quantity or numerical value within a linear model that shows by how much the dependent variable changes each time a change in the independent variable is introduced is known as a. the x-intercept. b. the y-intercept. c. the dependent intercept. d. the slope.

Q: In the spring equation F = k x, the deformation of the spring, x is called a. a dependent variable b. an independent variable c. none of the above

Q: In the spring equation F = k x, the spring force, F is called a. a dependent variable b. an independent variable c. none of the above

Q: The simplest form of models commonly used to describe a wide range of engineering situations is a. linear equations. b. nonlinear equations. c. exponential equations. d. logarithmic equations.

Q: What is the name of the following Greek alphabetic character? a. Omega b. Mu c. Gamma d. Lambda

Q: What is the name of the following Greek alphabetic character? a. Epsilon b. Zeta c. Gamma d. Lambda

Q: Greek alphabetic characters quite commonly are used to express angles, dimensions, and physical variables in drawings and in mathematical equations and expressions. It is therefore very important to be familiar with these characters in order to communicate with other engineers. a. True b. False

Q: Mathematics is a language that has its own symbols and terminology. As an engineering student, you need to learn mathematical symbols and their meanings. a. True b. False

Q: In general, engineering problems are mathematical models of physical situations. a. True b. False

Q: Initial conditions tell us about the initial conditions of a system (at time t = 0), before a disturbance or a change is introduced.a. Trueb. False

Q: Boundary conditions provide information about what is happening physically at the boundaries of a problem. a. True b. False

Q: What kind of mathematical model contains derivatives of functions? a. nonlinear equation b. differential equation c. exponential equation d. logarithmic equation

Q: Many engineering problems are modeled using differential equations with a set of corresponding boundary and/or initial conditions. a. True b. False

Q: Evaluate:

Q: Find the derivative of .

Q: Water is used as a cutting tool to cut stone and steel. a. True b. False

Q: Mechanical engineers need to understand the thermophysical properties of liquid water and steam when designing power plants. a. true b. false

Q: Water is a common engineering material. a. True b. False

Q: Groundwater refers to water that has collected on the ground. a. True b. False

Q: Surface water refers to water in reservoirs, lakes, rivers, and streams. a. True b. False

Q: Approximately what fraction of the earth's surface is covered with water? a. b. c. d.

Q: The higher the air temperature, the less water vapor the air can hold before it is fully saturated. a. True b. False

Q: Most people feel comfortable when the relative humidity is around a. 10% to 30% b. 30% to 50% c. 50% to 70% d. 70% to 90%

Q: The ratio of the amount of moisture in the air to the maximum amount of moisture that air can hold is known as a. dew point. b. absolute humidity. c. relative humidity. d. none of the above

Q: The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air is known as a. dew point. b. absolute humidity. c. relative humidity. d. none of the above

Q: There are two common ways of expressing the amount of water vapor in air: a. dew point and relative humidity. b. dew point and absolute humidity. c. absolute humidity and relative humidity. d. none of the above

Q: Most of the ultraviolet radiation arriving on earth from the sun is absorbed by a. air. b. nitrogen. c. water vapor. d. ozone.

Q: The earth's atmosphere, which we refer to as air, is a mixture of approximately a. 78% oxygen, 21% nitrogen, and less than 1% carbon dioxide. b. 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and less than 1% argon. c. 78% oxygen, 21% carbon dioxide, and less than 1% helium. d. 78% oxygen, 21% water vapor, and less than 1% ozone.

Q: Air is often used a. as a cooling and heating medium. b. in controlling thermal comfort in buildings. c. as a controlling medium to turn equipment on and off. d. to drive power tools. e. all of the above

Q: The layer of air closest to the earth's surface is called the troposphere and plays an important role in shaping our weather. a. True b. False

Q: The air surrounding the earth can be divided into four distinct regions: ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________

Q: Air is a mixture of mostly oxygen, and small amounts of other gases. a. True b. False

Q: Air and water are among the most abundant fluids on earth. a. True b. False

Q: The term fluids refers to liquids, not gases. a. True b. False

Q: Composites may be classified into a. polymer-matrix composites b. metal-matrix composites c. ceramic-matrix composites d. all of above

Q: Examples of fibers used in the construction of composite materials include a. glass b. graphite c. silicon carbide fibers d. all of above

Q: Composite materials consist of two main ingredients: matrix material and fibers. a. True b. False

Q: Composites are created by combing two or more solid materials to make a new material that has properties that are superior to those of the individual components. a. True b. False

Q: Fiber optics is the branch of science that deals with transmitting data, voice, and images through thin plastic or glass fibers. a. True b. False

Q: Metallic oxides are added to give glass various colors. a. True b. False

Q: Which type of glass is better in high-temperature applications? a. Ordinary glass b. Silica glass

Q: Which type of glass has the higher coefficient of thermal expansion? a. Ordinary glass b. Silica glass c. None of the above

Q: The most widely used form of glass is soda-lime-silica glass. a. True b. False

Q: Silicon is a nonmetallic chemical element that is used in the manufacture of transistors and electronic computer chips. a. True b. False

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