Q&A Hero

Q: The place where telephone companies terminate customer lines and locate switching equipment to interconnect those lines with other networks is the ________. A) CO B) ISP C) POP D) NAP

Q: Individual hosts and LANs are connected to an Internet Service Provider through a ________. A) NAP B) CPE C) POP D) NSP

Q: A ________ is a physical facility that provides the infrastructure to move data between connected networks. A) ATM B) FDDI C) NAP D) NSP

Q: In a ________ network, a dedicated communications path is established between two stations through the nodes of the network. The telephone network is the most common example. A) frame relay B) ATM C) circuit switching D) packet switching

Q: In situations in which an information exchange is interrupted due to a fault somewhere in the system, ________ techniques are needed to either resume activity at the point of interruption or to restore systems to their state prior to the beginning of the exchange. A) flow control B) routing control C) recovery D) error correction

Q: In order for data processing devices to communicate certain conventions must be decided on. These requirements can collectively be termed ________. A) synchronization B) transmission systems C) exchange management D) flow control

Q: Once an interface is established ________ is required for communication. A) digital conversion B) signal generation C) synchronization D) transmission

Q: The key elements of a simple communications model are ________. A) source, transmission, destination B) signal, transmission, receiver C) source, signal, destination D) source, signal, receiver

Q: The rapid conversion of consumer electronics to digital technology is having an impact on both the Internet and corporate intranets. Two examples of this trend are ________. A) server farms and DVDs B) power workgroups and server farms C) DVDs and CD-ROMs D) digital versatile disks and digital still cameras

Q: A dominant architecture in the business environment and the more recent Web-focused intranet trend is ________ computing. A) Ethernet B) GUI C) token ring D) client/server

Q: A network in which small chunks of data are passed through the network from node to node, and at each node the entire data chunk is received, stored briefly, and then transmitted to the next node, is a ________ network. A) packet switching B) ATM C) circuit switching D) frame relay

Q: An ________ uses Internet and Web technology in an isolated facility internal to an enterprise. A) application network B) intranet C) extranet D) Internet portal

Q: The growth of ________ enhances the ability of employees to take their business context with them as they move about, resulting in the ability to use enterprise information resources and services from virtually anywhere. A) extranets B) high-speed wireless access C) WANS D) remote data access

Q: DWDM enables capacities of ________ per second. A) terabits B) picobits C) megabits D) gigabits

Q: Enterprises have formed ________ to reach customers, suppliers, and partners while isolating their proprietary information from unwanted access. A) intranets and extranets B) internets and extranets C) WANS and extranets D) LANS and WANS

Q: The LAN is owned by the same organization that owns the attached devices.

Q: Frame relay networks are commonly used for terminal-to-computer and computer-to-computer communications.

Q: Developing switching systems with the capacity and rapid response to support the demand requirements with the increased use of fiber optic transmission is no longer a challenge.

Q: The basic building block of any communications facility is the transmission line.

Q: Compression refers to the ability of a number of devices to share a transmission facility.

Q: A modem is required to establish communication between a workstation and a server over a public telephone network.

Q: It is not necessary for a device to interface with the transmission system in order to communicate.

Q: Changes in corporate data traffic patterns are driving the creation of high-speed WANs.

Q: Convergence refers to the merger of previously distinct telephony and information technologies and markets.

Q: The increasing use of optical fiber, while greatly increasing capacity, has caused an increase in transmission prices as well.

Q: Growth in services and growth in traffic capacity go hand in hand.

Q: Effective and efficient data communication and networking facilities are vital to any enterprise.

Q: There are no fundamental differences among data, voice, and video communications.

Q: There are several fundamental differences between data processing and data communications.

Q: Data communications deals with the transmission of signals in a reliable and efficient manner.

Q: Children from a collectivist culture are more likely to communicate with peers rather than to adults.

Q: A series of photographs can be considered an AAC aid.

Q: "Just in time programming" allows the practitioner to upload photos in real time.

Q: Visual scene displays (VSDs) support language by organizing communicative messages in a grid format.

Q: The System for Augmenting Language (SAL) primarily is used to teach academic skills.

Q: AAC is thought to reduce speech development.

Q: Dynamic displays stay the same after the student selects a symbol or message.

Q: AAC strategies support message timing, grammatical formulation, spelling, and communication rate.

Q: Most parents have the skills to select an appropriate communication app without professional guidance.

Q: European culture framework represents a collectivist culture.

Q: An Augmentative/Alternative Communication system is most frequently used to facilitate language on a temporary basis.

Q: Complex Communication Needs (CCNs) may stem from language comprehension and production impairments in spoken and written language.

Q: Matching1. Multi-ModalA. Symbols and messages that do not change after a location is selected.2. ACC SymbolsB. A total-immersion approach teaching language comprehension and use.3. ACC aidC. How the components are presented to the communicator using the AAC device4. ACC strategyD. A picture, photograph, or virtual environmental that depicts and represents a situation, place, or experience.5. PredictionE. The use of specific codes for each communication.6. EncodingF. The use of multiple means when a person communicates.7. ScanningG. When an individual indicates his or her own needs within routines of daily living.8. ACC selection setH. Methods used to communicate effectively and efficiently.9. Fixed displaysI. Graphic, auditory, gestural, textured, or tactile representations used to represent language.10. Dynamic displaysJ. A partner-dependent AAC technique for children with physical limitations.11. Visual scene display (VSD)K. A popular treatment for children with autism designed to teach functional communication.12. ICF frameworkL. A device that can be used to send or receive messages.13. System for Augmenting Language (SAL)M. A retrieval process that changes as a message is formulated.14. Regulatory Communication ActsN. Developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide a standard language to describe health-related states.15. Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)O. Symbols and messages that change after a location is selected.

Q: When evaluating a communication app, all the following issues should be considered excepta. How the icons can be modified to enhance it's use with the AAC userb. Ability of the app to be used in a PECS interventionc. The timing adjustments that can be maded. The prosodic features of the speech outpute. All are typically considered when evaluating the app

Q: Questions that may help understand a family's communication behaviors as influenced by their culture may include all except a. Who is "in charge" of decision making in the family? b. Does your child talk mostly to his siblings or his parents? c. When do you want your child to talk more? d. How do you feel about your child using an AAC device at home? e. A and B only f. A, B, C and D

Q: Cultural self-awareness includes the following a. Being a member of a collectivist culture b. Preference for one's own culture c. Completing a feature match d. Examining values, beliefs, and patterns that are part of one's own behavior e. C and D

Q: PECS has been found to help nonverbal children a. Participate in discourse with a variety of pragmatic acts b. Use negation c. Become a more assertive and responsive communicator d. Use requesting e. All of the above

Q: All of the following are true of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), except a. PECS is frequently used with children on the autism spectrum. b. PECS teaches functional communication. c. PECS has extensive research that supports the effectiveness of its approach. d. PECS is a very popular intervention. e. PECS is based on the principle of applied behavioral analysis.

Q: A central way in which Visual Scene Displays support language development is by a. Motivating students to play with objects in the scene. b. Organizing vocabulary and communicative messages schematically rather than semantically. c. Having the child spell words via scanning d. Evaluating policy regarding AAC e. Promoting peers to accept the student's disability. f. All of the above

Q: The features of the System for Augmenting Language (SAL) include all of the following, except a. Using the ACC device in within realistic spoken communication. b. Communication partners serve as models for AAC use. c. Structured didactic instruction. d. Ongoing support for the student and communication partners. e. All of the above are characteristic of SAL

Q: Potential AAC assessment team members is likely to include all of the following, except a. Parents/family. b. Speech-language pathologist. c. Teacher. d. School principal. e. Occupational therapist.

Q: Research on the effect of AAC has demonstrated that ACC a. Is more than an assistive technology. b. Is a significant benefit to the development of language skills. c. Is an expensive but not very effective intervention. d. A, B, and C. e. A and B only.

Q: An example of a low-tech aid is a. Visual scene display b. Schedule board with line drawings c. Just in time programming d. Ipad apps e. A and C f. None of the above

Q: AAC symbols include a. Device used to send message b. Visual scene display c. Just in time programming d. None of the above e. All of the above.

Q: A symbol that requires only one's body is: a. Unaided b. Opaque c. Iconic d. static

Q: The intervention targets for (AAC) approach typically include all the below except a. Language learning in clinician-directed academic skill-related activities b. Increased use of multiple modes of communication. c. Increased participation in communicative interactions. d. Increased interactions with peers in a variety of different environments. e. All of the above.

Q: A child with Complex Communication Needs (CCNs) is likely to have a. Physical disability b. Good language ability except for clause formation c. Significant pragmatic disability d. A and C e. All of the above

Q: The area of clinical practice that supports and meets the complex communication needs of children and adults commonly goes by the acronym: a. CAA b. CAC c. ACA d. ACC

Q: Teaching a school-age student to use a story map to diagram written text is an example of a meta-strategy.

Q: Computer software is an important component of the explicit phonological awareness intervention approach.

Q: The writing lab approach is likely to use Elkonian boxes.

Q: Most, if not all, children who participate in the Interactive-to-independent model of literacy intervention will learn to read independently and conventionally.

Q: Identifying the student's use of past tense verbs in a written composition is an example of a micro-analysis.

Q: For an older school-age student, the SLP typically looks for embedded literacy opportunities to teach phonological awareness.

Q: If a child produces a narrative such as, "I went to the zoo. I was hungry." The child is producing an additive chain.

Q: An example of an embedded literacy opportunity would be to have students clap out syllables to words that you show them on a flashcard.

Q: Phonics typically progresses from word- and syllable-level awareness to ultimate awareness of individual phonemes.

Q: A child who can write conventionally should be discouraged from using scribble to represent written language during dramatic play.

Q: If I say, "What word am I saying? /s/------ /I/------/t/" I am asking the child to blend phonemes to form a word.

Q: Social language during book reading considers a child's emotional response to the literacy event.

Q: Matching1. PhonemesA. Comments about the organization and features of printed material.2. GraphemesB. The ability to alternate between formal and informal language.3. Syllable RecognitionC. The ability to recognize that some letter combinations are allowed and other letter combinations are never used.4. Sound SegmentationD. An adult writes a story as it is told by a child.5. Print ReferencingE. The answer can be logically concluded from the text.6. Story DictationF. The overall organization of a story.7. Code SwitchG. The ability to form and maintain visual images of words.8. Narrative MicrostructureH. Answers interpret factual information in keeping with one's own morals or beliefs.9. Narrative MacrostructureI. An awareness that words are made up of subunits.10. Visual StorageJ. Separating the individual sounds in a word.11. Orthographic KnowledgeK. Answers recall a specific fact explicitly stated in the reading passage.12. Morphological KnowledgeL. Individual sounds within words.13. Literal QuestionsM. The ability to identify base words and their inflected forms.14. Inferential QuestionsN. The internal linguistic features of a story.15. Critical QuestionsO. The letters representing sounds.

Q: A classroom based literacy intervention is likely to includea. Looking at the educational goals set for the classb. Giving a norm-referenced assessmentc. Looking at the child's written workd. A and Be. A and Cf. All of the above

Q: During a book reading, I sometimes track the text from left-to-right with my index finger. When I do this I am fostering which aspect of literacy? a. Dialogic speech b. Narrative development c. Phonological awareness d. Concepts of print e. B and C f. All of the above

Q: Examples of cognitive verbs include: a. Walked b. Ate c. Pushed d. Sat e. All of the above f. None of the above

Q: I want the student to identify the initiating event (IE) in a narrative episodic sequence. Which answer below is most likely to represent an IE? a. Suddenly, the lights went out and Sean couldn"t see a thing! b. He ran home and told his mother all about his adventure. The end. c. Because the lights went out, Sean searched the house for a flashlight. d. He ran and ran and ran! e. "Oh no!" said Sean.

Q: I want my middle-school student to focus on dialogic speech in written text, I point out which sentence? a. I pushed the wagon. b. "Oh, oh!" She said. c. And then the boy went home. The end! d. She thought she would take a basket of food to grandmother's house. e. None of the above represent dialogic speech.

Q: I want my student to practice an Elkonian box with a CVC word; I chose the word ____ as a target word. a. Bee b. Bow c. Beadle d. Boat e. Bye f. All are CVC words

Q: The writing lab approach includes all of the following, except a. Authentic meaningful projects. b. Worksheets. c. Use of the computer. d. Small group, peer, and teach conferencing. e. Oral presentations

Q: The explicit phonological awareness intervention (EPAI) intervention targets a. Building syllable-level awareness b. Rhyming c. Phoneme-level awareness d. A and B e. A, B, and C are all part of the EPAI intervention approach

Q: Level one of the interactive-to-independent model (I-to-I) of literacy intervention focuses on a. Balance and turn taking in literacy interactions. b. Conventional literacy supported by social interactions. c. Symbolic understanding of written forms. d. Conventional literacy at the independent level. e. Attention and responsiveness during literacy interactions.