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Communication
Q:
____ language tends to be accusatory and abstract.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
According to your text, misunderstanding is less likely when we are conscious of
a. our I language
b. our you language
c. levels of abstraction
d. speech community
e. punctuation
Q:
All of the following are five ways that symbolic abilities affect our lives except:
a. Definition
b. Evaluation
c. Organization
d. Self-Reflection
e. Self-Monitoring
Q:
Qualities of symbols include all of the following except:
a. arbitrariness
b. ambiguity
c. abstraction
d. attribution
e. both arbitrariness and abstraction
Q:
____ language may be acceptable or even appreciated when it conveys praise of another.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
Using ____ language allows you to own your own feelings while explaining to others how you interpret their behaviors.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
____ language is more honest.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
Some people feel awkward when they first start using this language.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
____ language provides concrete descriptions of behaviors we dislike without directly blaming the other person for how we feel.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
____ language is more descriptive than you language.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
To take responsibility for your own feelings, rely on ____ language.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
An example of these rules is when we understand that we can wear jeans and T-shirts to class, but that different clothes are generally appropriate in our workplaces.
a. intuitive
b. constitutive
c. comparative
d. regulative
e. constructive
Q:
These rules specify when, how, where, and with whom to talk about certain things.
a. intuitive
b. constitutive
c. comparative
d. regulative
e. constructive
Q:
These rules specify how to interpret different kinds of communication. We learn what counts as respect (paying attention), friendliness (smiles or smiley emoticons in online communication), affection (kisses, hugs), and professionalism (punctuality, competence).
a. intuitive
b. constitutive
c. comparative
d. regulative
e. constructive
Q:
A cornerstone of effective interpersonal communication skills is.
a. ensuring that what we say is clearly heard by the listener
b. respecting what others say about what they feel and think
c. making certain to abide by the rules of all speech communities
d. assuming an understanding of how others feel and think
e. clearly telling others when their feelings are unacceptable or inappropriate
Q:
The five symbolic abilities described in your textbook are.
a. I, Me, We, She, and He
b. clarification, understanding, restructuring, continuity, and closure
c. definition, punctuation, interpretation, subjectivity, and self-concept
d. definition, evaluation, organization, hypothetical thought, self-reflection
e. circular, rectangular, oval, triangular, and octagonal
Q:
Communication rules tell us.
a. what to say
b. when to speak
c. how to interpret others' communication
d. all of these
e. none of these
Q:
The theory of linguistic determinism states.
a. language determines who we associate with
b. language determines what we can perceive and think
c. we are predestined to speak a certain language
d. the rules of language are clearly defined across situations
e. linguists are the only ones who can develop language
Q:
According to Mead, because of the ____ we can set goals for becoming the person we want to be.
a. Me
b. I
c. symbolic self
d. true self
e. affective self
Q:
"When you said my idea was stupid, I felt hurt" is an example of ____ language.
a. I
b. You
c. We
d. They
e. Me
Q:
In general, masculine-gender speech communities follow this communication rule:
a. Use talk cooperatively.
b. Be expressive.
c. Include others in conversations.
d. Use talk to accomplish practical goals.
e. Show caring through speaking.
Q:
Gerda is really upset and she feels like throwing a temper tantrum, even though she's twenty years old. Disregarding the social inappropriateness of her behavior, Gerda beats a door and then kicks it while in a public area. In this instance, Gerda's behavior was motivated by which aspect of herself?
a. Me
b. I
c. symbolic self
d. true self
e. affective self
Q:
"One day, I won't have to worry about being single. One day, I'll be married." These statements illustrate how symbols allow for:
a. arbitrary thought.
b. loaded language.
c. hypothetical thought.
d. symbolic organization.
e. symbolic evaluation.
Q:
The wife nags at her husband because he constantly withdraws from her. The husband withdraws, because he feels that his wife is nagging all the time. The difference between how the husband and wife see their communication behaviors is due to differences in:
a. abstraction.
b. punctuation.
c. regulative rules.
d. constitutive rules.
e. ambiguity.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a regulative rule of interpersonal communication?
a. You should not speak when others are speaking.
b. Don't speak with your mouth full.
c. Only speak when called upon.
d. Speaking is a way to show you care about issues.
e. When the other person pauses, it's your turn to speak.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a constitutive rule of communication?
a. not turning off a cell phone before class starts is rude
b. using ALL CAPS in e-mails comes across as "shouting"
c. business email must be answered within 24 hours
d. speaking on a cell phone during a movie is inconsiderate
e. wearing a suit is essential to demonstrating professionalism
Q:
Devin is surprised when his friend burps and belches after their dinner together. Devin says, "Burping and Belching is so rude." Devin's perception of his friend's behavior is based on a(n) ____ rule.
a. intuitive
b. constitutive
c. comparative
d. regulative
e. constructive
Q:
In some face-to-face business meetings, employees are typically instructed to raise their hands if they would like to make a point. This requirement is a(n) ____ rule.
a. intuitive
b. constitutive
c. comparative
d. regulative
e. constructive
Q:
Which is the most abstract term in the following examples?
a. Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters
b. textbook
c. reading matter
d. literature
e. book
Q:
Professor X assigns a paper in which students are to demonstrate "conceptual understanding by applying concepts to the real world." Professor X is surprised when many of the papers are extended examples of personal thought instead of being analyses of observations of society. The difference between what Professor X's words meant to the students and what the words meant to her/him reflects the fact that language is:
a. arbitrary.
b. ambiguous.
c. abstract.
d. inherent.
e. objective.
Q:
The French word "rue" and the American word "road" mean the same thing in their respective cultures. These different symbols used for the same thing remind us that language is:
a. abstract.
b. ambiguous.
c. arbitrary.
d. inherent.
e. objective.
Q:
Recent research shows that we can override the draw of noisy or novel stimuli
Q:
Assertiveness and competitiveness are encouraged and considered good in the United States
Q:
In Korea, age is a very important aspect of identity. The older person is, the more he or she is respected
Q:
Women and men tend to occupy different social locations in some senses, although they clearly share other social locations
Q:
We are less likely to forgive a partner if we attribute his or her transgression to personal irresponsibility
Q:
According to a study conducted by Bachen and Illouz (1996), most Americans' prototype of enduring romance reflects media emphasis on acquisition of material goods to support a leisure lifestyle
Q:
According to your book, interracial marriages are increasing in the United States, thus it is expected that there will be more children who have mixed ethnic heritages
Q:
Age, physiology, and culture are factors that influence our perceptions
Q:
Research shows that eyewitness testimony is highly reliable
Q:
Inferences go beyond facts
Q:
Perceptions are subjective
Q:
We use stereotypes to make predictions about people and situations
Q:
In the U.S. the prototype of love focuses on passionate feelings and qualities
Q:
Unhappy couples tend to attribute the nice things their partners do to external factors
Q:
The reason why you and another person may disagree about something is more likely that you have attended to different things that are differences in:
a social
b personal
c cultural
d cognitive
e all of these
Q:
In 1995, the U.S. Department of Labor surveyed 60,000 household to lean what identity labels different ethnic groups prefer. The survey revealed that members of various racial groups:
a do not have uniform preferences
b have uniform preferences
c like stereotypes
d had no preference
e were sensitive to stereotypes
Q:
This assumes that we understand what the person thinks, feels or perceives
a mind reading
b cognitive complexity
c standpoint theory
d fundamental attribution error
e implicit error
Q:
This is a point of view shaped by political awareness of the social location of a groupthe material, social, and symbolic conditions common for members of a social group
a age
b culture
c roles
d cognitive ability
e standpoint
Q:
When you meet a new person, you might classify the person as a possible friend, date, or enemy. You also might focus on physical qualities. This is based on your ____
a age
b culture
c social role
d cognitive ability
e cognitive schemata
Q:
All of the following influence perception EXCEPT:
a age
b culture
c roles
d cognitive ability
e bias
Q:
We tend to overestimate the internal causes of others' undesirable behaviors and underestimate the external causes. Conversely, we are likely to underestimate the internal causes of our own misdeeds and failures and overestimate the external causes
a prototype
b fundamental attribution error
c personal construct
d stereotype
e self-serving bias
Q:
Mariah really wanted to get a recording contract, but no one was willing to sign with her because of her age. She thought that her age made it hard for record producers to take her seriously as an artist. This is an example of:
a prototype
b script
c personal construct
d stereotype
e self-serving bias
Q:
Jorge says, "When I do badly on a test or paper, I usually say either the professor was unfair or I had too much to do that week and couldn't study like I wanted to. But when my friends do badly on a test, I tend to think they're not good in that subject or they aren't disciplined or whatever." This is an example of:
a prototype
b script
c personal construct
d stereotype
e self-serving bias
Q:
Charles will always be fat, because he is too lazy to exercise and he doesn't care about what he eats. This is an example of:
a prototype
b script
c personal construct
d stereotype
e attribution
Q:
This is a predictive generalization applied to a person or situation. Based on the category in which we place someone or something and how that person or thing measures up against the personal constructs we apply, we predict what he, she, or it will do
a prototype
b script
c personal construct
d stereotype
e attribution
Q:
Introducing participants and keeping the program on schedule are two roles of the master of ceremonies.
Q:
Research demonstrates that attributional patterns are linked to ____ and forgiveness
a prototypes
b scripts
c personal constructs
d stereotypes
e marital quality
Q:
All of the following are part of the process of human perception EXCEPT:
a selection
b organization
c interpretation
d imagination
e attribution
Q:
Masters of ceremonies should rightfully express anger when technological glitches disrupt the program.
Q:
Masters of ceremonies should wear extravagant clothing and greet audience members as they arrive.
Q:
All of the following are guidelines for improving perception and communication
a Recognize that all perceptions are partial and subjective
b Avoid mind-reading
c Check perceptions with others
d Associate the similarities of facts and inferences
e Guard against self-serving bias
Q:
Corey thinks that people who are outgoing are also friendly, confident, and fun. Corey's assumption that outgoing are also friendly, confident, and fun is inference based on his ____ of the qualities that accompany outgoingness
a standpoint
b self-serving bias
c stereotype
d implicit personality theory
e mind reading
Q:
A good after-dinner speech should not be difficult to digest.
Q:
All of the following are influences on perception except:
a physiology
b age
c culture
d cognitive ability
e cognitive complexity
Q:
Speeches of inspiration revitalize an appreciation for values and beliefs.
Q:
Ceremonial speakers should avoid the use of narrative and other appeals that usually distract attention away from the celebrated moment.
Q:
Maggie has always dreamed of her perfect romantic soul mate. She believes that her ideal soul mate will be tall, dark, handsome, smart, and rich. Maggie's ideal soul mate is an example of ____
a script
b personal contruct
c schemata
d perception
e prototype
Q:
A speech of introduction should make the speaker feel welcome, establish his or her ethos for speaking, and prepare the audience for his or her presentation.
Q:
Speakers should be modest when accepting an award.
Q:
Research has shown that the United States is a highly individualistic culture in which ____ is expected and rewarded
a socialization
b personal initiative
c contribution
d collectivism
e cohesion
Q:
Individuals who are more ____ are better able to integrate new information about others and situations
a empathic
b adept at mindreading
c standpoint sympathetic
d fundamentally attributing errors
e cognitively complex
Q:
Mike was responsible for taking care of his two younger siblings while Mike was growing up. As an adult, he is more nurturing and more attentive to others' needs than most of his male peers. Mike's greater care-giving inclination is best explained by his:
a cognitive schemata
b standpoint
c selective perception
d prototypes
e abstraction
Q:
Toasting a friend on formal occasions is a good time for recounting embarrassing memories they would rather forget.
Q:
Janet says, "I didn't get a job offer because the interviewer was biased and it was a nasty day. However, Ellen didn't get an offer because she isn't qualified." This is an example of:
a construct differentiation
b implicit personality theory
c self-serving bias
d internal attributions
e scripting
Q:
A toast may be characterized as a miniature ceremonial speech.
Q:
According to the process of human perception, the selection process includes all of the following except:
a qualities of the phenomena
b self-indication
c culture
d both self-indication and culture
e rational judgment
Q:
Charles says, "I would never join a fraternity. All fraternities do is party." Charles' statement is an example of a(n):
a prototype
b script
c personal construct
d stereotype
e attribution
Q:
Which of the following is a personal construct?
a your expectation of how a friend will behave
b your idea about how you should interact with a friend
c the person who exemplifies a friend to you
d how a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent
e the dictionary definition of friend
Q:
Which of the following is a script?
a your expectation of how a friend will behave
b your idea about how you should interact with a friend
c the person who exemplifies a friend to you
d how a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent
e the dictionary definition of friend