Q&A Hero

Q: When presented at memorial services, eulogies should express the pain of loss and offer comfort.

Q: Which of the following is a prototype? a your expectation of how a friend will behave b your idea about how you should interact with a friend c the person who exemplifies a friend to you d how a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent e the dictionary definition of friend

Q: Chat rooms can be evaluated based on how interesting or boring the conversations are. This statement best represents a prototypes b scripts c personal constructs d stereotypes e attributions

Q: Award presentations typically focus on why the speaker did not win the award.

Q: Speeches of tribute often overlap with inspirational speeches.

Q: After performing a comprehensive job search, job seekers put together a resume, write a cover letter, and then go on job interviews. This statement best exemplifies: a prototypes b scripts c personal constructs d stereotypes e attributions

Q: Renewal of group commitment is a primary objective of ceremonial speaking.

Q: Identification is established primarily through social status.

Q: My boss Susan is a great supervisor because she listens to her employee's concerns and ideas. Susan is an example of a(n): a prototype b script c personal construct d stereotype e attribution

Q: Ceremonial speeches address four basic questions: who are we? why are we? what have we accomplished? what can we become together?

Q: Darryl says to his friend, "You must be so happy that you're about to become an uncle!" Darryl's statement is an example of: a Empathy b Mind reading c Sympathy d Fundamentally attributing error e Cognitive complexity

Q: Explain the ladder of abstraction and use an example

Q: Ceremonial speaking stresses the sharing of identities and values that unites people into communities.

Q: The plot is to a narrative as the ________ is to a speech.a. bodyb. substancec. internal summaryd.conclusion

Q: What are the dimensions of attributions?

Q: What type of narrative would you probably be using if you introduced it with "Imagine yourself"¦"?a. dramaticb. vicarious experiencec. magnificationd. hypothetical

Q: What is the process of human perception?

Q: Explain four of the seven guidelines for improving the accuracy of perceptions

Q: Your text offers all of the following advice for making awards presentations except a. usually announce the honoree's name early in the speech. b. politely explain why you did not win the award. c. explain why the person was selected for the honor. d. explain the nature of the award.

Q: Your friend, Mark, has a problem with perception and communication. Based on what you learned in class and from your book on guidelines for improving perception and communication, fully describe three guidelines for improving perception and communication

Q: Explain how the self influences our perceptions of others. Describe an example of when the self influenced your perceptions of another and your communication with that person

Q: Upon receiving an award, a speaker should do all of the following except a. express appreciation for the values represented by the award. b. thank those whom helped make the award possible. c. address extraneous political causes and concerns. d. express gratitude and humility.

Q: Using a specific example of a time when you misperceived a situation, name and explain how at least three of the guidelines would have helped you perceive the situation more accurately

Q: Your text offers all of the following advice for acting as "master of ceremonies" except a. carefully plan how you open and conclude the ceremony. b. don"t worry because it is really not that big a deal. c. carefully prepare your introductions of featured speakers. d. be prepared for inevitable glitches.

Q: You text provides all of the following advice for magnifying the virtues of honorees except a. stressing obstacles overcome. b. stressing benefits to society. c. stressing the purity of motives. d. all of the above advice is offered.

Q: Your book talks about a dozen states that have passed laws to establish standards for English for international teaching assistants. Don Rubin did a study that looked into this matter. Discuss what he did and what he found

Q: Which is the best focus of after-dinner speech humor? a. immediate situation b. past mistakes c. stock jokes d. failures of the competition

Q: After-dinner speeches more often serve what purpose? a. asking listeners to change their attitudes b. sharing radical political perspectives c. guiding and inspiring listeners' future efforts d. asking listeners for behavioral changes

Q: Use the ladder of abstraction to explain how you perceived and acted in a particular situation. Make sure that you include and label each level of the abstraction ladder in your example

Q: For an inspirational speech to be effective, what quality must the speaker have? a. a specific political objective b. congruency with audience c. the feel of success d. an enthusiastic demeanor

Q: Prototypes, personal constructs, stereotypes, and scripts are cognitive schemata that we use to organize our perceptions of people and phenomena

Q: All the following types of ceremonial speaking are discussed in your text except a. eulogies. b. speeches of introduction. c. campaign speeches. d. speech of inspiration.

Q: Scripts are useful in guiding us through many of our interactions. However, they are not always accurate or constructive, so we shouldn't accept them uncritically

Q: The first cognitive schema we use to organize perceptions is the script

Q: Stating "We all know and respect today's speaker" meets what goal of an introductory speech? a. previews the speaker's message b. prepares the audience c. highlights unusual accomplishments d. strengthen the ethos of the speaker

Q: During an acceptance speech, how should you tailor your language? a. to the least articulate audience member b. to the members of the press who are present c. to the formality of the occasion d. to the mood of the evening

Q: Although passion may come to mind when we think of love, it seems less central to our prototype of love than companionship, caring, and a comfortable lifestyle

Q: When Abraham Lincoln exhorted us to be worthy of "our fathers" by establishing a "government of the people, by the people, and for the people," he used what technique common to ceremonial speaking? a. crafting prophetic visions b. images of time spiraling c. renewal of group commitment d. tribulation

Q: A personal construct is a "mental yardstick" we use to measure a person or situation along a bipolar dimension of judgment

Q: A stereotype is an unscientific generalization applied to a person or situation

Q: Where did the concept of "white people" come from?

Q: A ceremonial tribute to someone that has just died is called a. an award presentation. b. a eulogy. c. a roast. d. magnification.

Q: What should you emphasize most about a recipient during an award presentation? a. education achievements b. why they won the award c. their connection with the audience d. their ancestral status as "good people"

Q: Discuss the role of parents in socializing children. Name three differences on how fathers and mothers differ in the way they socialize with their children.

Q: Compare and contrast the four different areas of the Johari window and illustrate each area with an example. In your response, be sure to define each area.

Q: In addition to acknowledging the recipient of the award, what should you do during an award presentation? a. tell lots of jokes b. emphasize your own achievements c. explain the nature of the award d. share your relationship with the recipient

Q: Developing ceremonial speaking skills is beneficial for all the following reasons except a. enhances your ethos and perceived leadership potential. b. you will likely be asked to make ceremonial presentations. c. ceremonial speakers suffer less from communication anxiety. d. helps you speak to collective moral commitments.

Q: Identification takes place when the speaker and listener share what? a. social status b. spatial proximity c. common ground d. horticultural inclinations

Q: The author of your text states that "social perspectives on the self are constructed and variable." What does that statement mean? Give examples of how social perspectives on the self are constructed, and how those perspectives are variable.

Q: Compare and contrast the four different styles of attachments and illustrate each style with an example. In your response, be sure to define attachment styles.

Q: Ceremonial speaking addresses all of the following questions except a. who are we? b. what have we accomplished? c. what is the capital of Estonia? d. what can we become together?

Q: What type of speaking stresses the sharing of identities and values that unites people into communities? a. informative b. persuasive c. ceremonial d. after-dinner

Q: Explain the concepts of self-sabotage.

Q: Given what you know about the culture in which you grew up, speculate about what aspects of the generalized other would be similar if you grew up in a different culture. What aspects of the generalized other do you think would be different if you grew up in a different culture? Why? In defining the culture in which you grew up, consider the type of family, region of the country, size of community, and religious affiliation as well as the race, class, gender, and sexual preference/orientation mentioned in the text.

Q: Proof by mythos is best reinforced by citing your academic qualifications.

Q: Inductive reasoning involves invoking common-sense truths that everyone knows.

Q: Discuss the influence of Particular Others and the Generalized Other in creating individuals' senses of identity. Incorporate concrete examples into your response.

Q: A post hoc fallacy occurs when speakers base their claims on insufficient or non-representative observations.

Q: Recall the story about Ramu (the wolf boy) that was discussed in Chapter 1. Was Ramu human or not? Explain your answer in terms of George Herbert Mead's discussion of how humans develop and what it means to be a human self.

Q: A non sequitur fallacy occurs when speakers make claims that are not supported by their reasoning and evidence.

Q: The later bonds we have with others shapes how comfortable we feel getting close to others and how secure we feel in others' acceptance and commitment to us.

Q: Researchers found that people who are highly anxious about attachments are less likely to have relationship problems in collectivist cultures.

Q: A study showed that children 31/2 to 7 years old have strong preferences for playing with other children of the different sex.

Q: The "myth of the mean" refers to the common misperception that there is still a middle class in America.

Q: The red herring fallacy occurs when speakers draw attention away from the real issues of debate.

Q: The perspectives of the generalized other are revealed to us in three ways.

Q: Assuming that audience members already agree with a disputed position best reflects the straw man fallacy.

Q: Today, as our society struggles with changes in women, men, and families, the ideals of manhood are being revised yet again.

Q: Homophobia or fear of homosexuals is particularly pronounced in the working class.

Q: "Don"t believe Johnny because he's a liberal moron" is an example of the ad hominem fallacy.

Q: The slippery slope fallacy refers to the assumption that two expert opinions are sufficient to support a disputed thesis.

Q: Critical whiteness scholars point out that nonwhites are often identifies by their race, but whites seldom are.

Q: Analogical reasoning is particularly effective when defending abstract or unfamiliar proposals.

Q: Researchers who have studied parents' interactions with children conclude that fathers and mothers typically contribute in unique and valuable ways to their children's development and self-esteem.

Q: Reasoning from reality or observation is referred to as inductive reasoning.

Q: Major premises refer to illustrating examples or applications used to support an argument.

Q: Expert testimony is especially important to pathos appeals.

Q: It is important to gain access to information in our blind and unknown areas. One way to do this is to expand our experiences by entering unfamiliar situations, trying novel things, and experimenting with new kinds of communication.

Q: Self-disclosure necessarily involves risks, such as the risk that others will not accept what we reveal or that they might use it against us.

Q: Mothers spend more time that fathers with the children in caretaking activities.