Q&A Hero

Q: An economic system in which private owners operate businesses for profit is called A) socialism. B) capitalism. C) fascism. D) new-world economics.

Q: Describe how demassification has helped the magazine industry throughout its history. Cite at least three specific magazines and explain how they were helped or hurt by demassification.

Q: Once the Fox Television Network had been established, the major television networks were referred to as the __________.

Q: Profitable papers in the late 1800s saw objective news as key since it protected relationships with audiences and advertisers.

Q: Since it became established nationwide, Facebook sustains itself financially by A) advertising revenues. B) cash from venture capitalists. C) investments in its IPO. D) sales of Facebook-trademarked merchandise.

Q: Describe two innovations in content or presentation that were introduced by magazines and later made their way into other media.

Q: The infrastructure of U.S. television as it developed was a __________ system.

Q: “Byline” is the term used by early newspaper editors for the time a story had to be submitted to the printer; it’s been replaced by “deadline.”

Q: Dialogic theory in public relations is A) an information monologue delivered to the public in a steady stream. B) rooted in the belief that the company is always correct. C) the withholding of information that is negative to the client. D) a practice in which there is genuine dialogue to negotiate relationships.

Q: Public relations is mostly a tool used by A) sales. B) management. C) accounting. D) manufacturing. Answer: B, Topic: Public Relations Scope Page Ref: 262 7 The “public” in public relations refers to A) the masses reached by the media. B) people who will access the general information released by an organization. C) anybody not financially or professionally aligned with an organization. D) any constituency with which an organization relates.

Q: Advertising itself is NOT a mass medium, but it relies on the __________ to carry its messages.

Q: Because of societal changes, most newspapers switched from afternoon to morning papers.

Q: What quasi-government agency is creating a Mideast entertainment production center? A) Dubai Media Incorporated B) Arab News One C) Al-Jazeera D) BBC

Q: Advertising is part of a broader legal category called __________.

Q: The socialization process is essential to perpetuating cultural values.

Q: What kind of content does Qatar-based Al- Jazeera emphasize? A) U.S. B) British C) Hispanic D) Arab

Q: For many years, legal scholars thought the protections of the First Amendment only applied to __________ expression and didn’t include literature or advertising.

Q: Billionaire computer programming whiz Mark Zuckerberg created all of the following EXCEPT A) AOL. B) Facebook. C) Facemash. D) ZuckNet.

Q: The early network television industry was modeled after network radio which was based in __________ while the movie industry centered around Hollywood.

Q: By the 1880s most newspapers included opinion pieces in their editorial sections, but were careful to keep opinions out of their news coverage of events.

Q: Discuss the impact of“penny papers” such as the New York Sun on readers and businesses in the cities where they were published and explain how their content differed from earlier newspapers.

Q: Famous Players was the original name of the studio that became __________.

Q: The Associated Press emphasized objective reporting so all of its news reports would be considered acceptable for use by all its subscribing papers regardless of their political leaning.

Q: Public relations can be defined as a tool to A) sell products. B) establish beneficial relationships. C) determine employee benefits. D) create advertising campaigns.

Q: The railroads allowed __________ advertising to take root as railroads spawned new networks for the mass distribution of goods.

Q: The socialization function of the media helps people fit in to society.

Q: Al-Jazeera was modeled after A) the BBC. B) CNN. C) the Associated Press. D) Fox News.

Q: __________ , whose servers are in another country, achieved heroic status in Iceland for posting information about a banking collapse the Icelandic media weren’t allowed to report.

Q: Explain the differences between linear communication, mass communication and web communication. (This may but does not have to include sketches of the three models.) Describe at least one example of each.

Q: The socialization function of the media helps people keep up-to-date about what’s going on in society.

Q: The global, Qatar-based, satellite news channel for Arab audiences is called A) Al-Jazeera. B) CNN Arab. C) Telemundo. D) Arab TV.

Q: A banking collapse that remained shrouded in secrecy because the courts blocked media news reports of what happened prompted new laws that may make __________ one of the most open and transparent nations in the world.

Q: Discuss the difference between gatekeepers and regulators and describe the kinds of impact they can have on mass communication. Provide at least two examples of each.

Q: Identify the three major ink-on-paper mass media and discuss how they compare in terms of their content, timeliness, and regularity.

Q: __________, the man who developed the star system, brought mass production to movie-making.

Q: Using the telegraph to ensure timeliness in its news reports also let the Associated Press create a “star system” of individual reporters who could inject their personalities into their stories.

Q: A high mark for denim and jeans came in 1961 and their previously negative image was dramatically turned around by A) actor James Dean who wore jeans in several of his most popular movie roles. B) the Denim Council launched a campaign “to put school children back in blue jeans.” C) news photos of Peace Corps volunteers doing good deeds while wearing jeans. D) the U.S. Navy’s decision to authorize jeans as an official work uniform.

Q: The company that spends more per year on mass media advertising than anyone else is __________.

Q: The Associated Press, or AP, provided partisan news during its infancy.

Q: Starting in 1957, the organizations and venues that began banning blue jeans and refusing entry to people wearing denim clothes included all of the following EXCEPT A) major league baseball parks. B) public and private schools all across the country. C) theaters from Broadway to local, small towns. D) upscale, fine-dining restaurants in major cities.

Q: The country in which advertising first took off as a modern phenomenon is __________.

Q: The undesirable image of denim jeans was fueled by all of the following movies EXCEPT A) Blackboard Jungle. B) The Caine Mutiny. C) Rebel Without a Cause. D) The Wild One.

Q: Rather than having ads “sandwiched into entertainment products,” ad guru Bob Greenberg says the says the ads themselves need to become __________.

Q: The spiral of silence says that a vocal majority intimidates others into silence.

Q: Voice of America was created A) after World War I. B) during World War II. C) at the start of the Vietnam War. D) in conjunction with the Public Broadcasting Systems.

Q: Controlling the time, place and manner of expression is legal as long as the government’s restrictions are __________.

Q: Start by sketching Hiebert, Ungurait, and Bohn’s model of mass communication and correctly label at least four of its eight concentric circles. Explain what the model is meant to show happening between its center and the outer-most circle.

Q: Match each concept in the left column with its definition or an example from the right column. 1) Online encyclopedia A) Reference book 2) Penny paper B) Kindle 3) Circulation C) Gannett 4) Newspaper chain D) Gets publications from the press to the reader 5) Paywall E) First media product to reach a truly mass audience 6) Highbrow slick F) Wikipedia 7) Long-form journalism G) Online payment mechanism 8) Muckraking H) Magazine innovation 9) Physician’s Desk Reference I) Investigative reporting 10) E-reader J) The New Yorker

Q: __________ is a rental agreement that requires movie theaters to accept a batch of movies which may include lower-quality ones they don’t want.

Q: According to ad guru Bob Greenberg, “the third screen” that advertisers should be paying more attention to is __________.

Q: The spiral of silence model suggests that minority voices can band together and build until they overwhelm the vocal majority.

Q: What U.S. government-funded broadcast service is sent into nations with state-controlled media to articulate U.S. policies directly to the people? A) CNN B) Voice of America C) National Public Radio D) U.S. Global

Q: In the interest of public safety, the use of __________ can be prohibited to prevent insulting language from provoking violence.

Q: Television and movies both show moving images to viewers, but they do it using very different technologies. Describe and explain the differences between the way television captures and presents images and the way movies do.

Q: People are increasingly __________, which means they can read but don’t.

Q: The business practice in which actors are made into celebrities to increase the size of movie audiences is called the __________ . .

Q: The concept in journalism that news should be gathered and told without bias is called objectivity.

Q: As a journalistic stunt, Nellie Bly circled the world in 72 days.

Q: Which of the following items of clothing, now accepted as appropriate attire for people of all ages and socioeconomic backgrounds, was once shunned, even banned, because of its unsavory image? A) Denim jeans B) Hooded sweatshirts C) Peg-leg pants D) T-shirts

Q: Much of the success of __________ is due to his audience research, personally talking with the audiences of his plays, which showed him that a large and underserved market is waiting for middle-class comedies aimed at African-American audiences.

Q: In the 1920s when radio first tried to emerge as a news medium, the public was content with newspaper news and didn’t feel a need for anything faster or more up to date.

Q: Discuss the reasons producers and media executives alike are often willing to sacrifice creativity and artistry in producing mass media entertainment, and explain how and why their expected audiences are factored into these decisions.

Q: Newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and the Internet are the economic engines that drive American advertising.

Q: According to the cumulative effects theory, the effects of mass media generally are short term and more or less instantaneous.

Q: Foreign governments have make all of the following attempts to stop or block U.S. efforts to disseminate trans-border messages EXCEPT A) establishing a very-effective Golden Shield firewall to filter Chinese Internet traffic . B) filing complaints with the International Telecommunications Union, a part of the United Nations. C) jamming radio transmissions with their own high-powered distortion signals. D) shooting down a blimp carrying the Television Marti transmitter.

Q: Requiring reporters to submit their stories to a government __________ who has to review and approve them before they can be published is a form of prior restraint.

Q: The hottest segment of the Japanese book is the __________ novel, a mini-novel that is read a few sentences at a time.

Q: The best description of the mutually beneficial cooperation that exists between television and the movie industry today is __________ .

Q: Early theories about the effects of mass media generally said the effects are more or less instantaneous.

Q: Among the US-supported trans-border mass media which try to get messages into countries that don’t want U.S. media reaching their people are all of the following EXCEPT A) Radio Farda which broadcasts in the Farsi language and is aimed into Iran and Iraq . B) Radio Liberty which beams its signals into Central Europe and Russia. C) Silver Splinter, Internet programming designed to penetrate China’s Golden Shield firewall. D) Television Marti which broadcasts into Cuba from blimps and planes flying near the island.

Q: The __________ is a law passed in 2001 that gives federal agents new authority when investigating possible acts of terrorism.

Q: Discuss at least threeways Gutenberg’s invention of metal movable type impacted society.

Q: A Kindle is an example of a(n) __________.

Q: The most visible book industry product is the __________.

Q: Television is experiencing democratization as power and control of content shifts from network programmers to individual viewers surfing the Web and using video-on-demand technologies.

Q: Bennett was the first editor to assign reporters to “news beats” such as the courts, Wall Street, shipping, or specific neighborhoods so they could cover and report what happened there.

Q: The essence of advertising is buying time and space from the media into which the advertiser can place whatever messages he/she wants.

Q: Video-on-demand, the Internet, and the proliferation of mobile devices which can all carry television programming continues to make television’s mass audience even larger.

Q: Bennett would often use fast boats or charter railroad locomotives to ensure that his reporters and his newspaper beat competing media in reporting the latest news.

Q: Briefly trace the financial relationship that has evolved between the major television networks and sports leagues, explaining the costs and benefits each incurs from televised coverage of sporting events.