Q&A Hero

Q: According to Herbert Gans, whether American journalists are reporting on physical or social disorders, their primary interest is in A) contributing in some way to helping correct the problem and restore order. B) emphasizing the unusual and tragic aspects of the situation. C) finding a unique and interesting angle to set their story apart from other coverage. D) making the impact of the disorder real and tangible to the audience so they identify with it.

Q: Susan Sontag saw no redeeming value in pop art.

Q: Benjamin Day created the first advertising agency.

Q: What type of message can be effective even though it cannot be consciously perceived? A) motivational B) viral C) subliminal D) suggestive

Q: Legally, radio and television stations must sell ad time to candidates for __________, or for the U.S. House and Senate.

Q: Advertising is called “paid” speech in legal circles.

Q: Steve Jobs invented the World Wide Web

Q: The cost of producing an online magazine is relatively low if most of the content is posted by readers or regurgitated from elsewhere.

Q: Allegedly independent political groups with __________ are not supposed to be affiliated with political candidates and are tax-exempt so they can collect and spend unlimited funds.

Q: The courts upheld the use of sexual references in Ulysses as having literary merit, but found Lady Chatterley’s Lover merely titillating.

Q: The melding of print, electronic and photographic media is called the melting pot.

Q: The fact that American journalists favor U.S. style democracies and capitalism is evident in all of the following observations made by Herbert Gans EXCEPT A) business corruption and misbehavior are treated as understandable common practices. B) coverage of other forms of government emphasizes corruption, conflict, and abuses of power. C) their clear expectation that governments should serve the public interest. D) their expectation that businesses will eschew unreasonable profits and exploitation of workers .

Q: Harlequin romance novels are considered pulp fiction.

Q: Railroads helped create national advertising because they could transport goods over long distances.

Q: Ernest Dichter’s interviewing method called motivational research was used to A) seek subconscious appeal that can be used in advertising. B) seek subliminal messages that propel audiences to react. C) create color schemes that trigger positive feelings. D) design Internet ads.

Q: Cable television systems were first created to bring television to remote areas.

Q: Which of the following reflect the values that sociologist Herbert Gans discovered in his study? A) Journalists have mainstream values. B) Journalists are liberals. C) Journalists are conservative. D) Journalists are way out of the mainstream.

Q: The Hollywood Studio System in effect turned moviemaking into a factory process.

Q: The penny press was able to keep the cost for a newspaper at a penny by relying on advertising revenue.

Q: What Austrian psychiatrist theorized that the human mind is unconsciously susceptible to suggestion? A) John Milton B) George Schultz C) Sigmund Freud D) Ernest Dichter.

Q: An advertisement that savagely criticizes a political opponent is a(n) __________ ad.

Q: The government used import restrictions to keep D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover out of the United States.

Q: The Internet is a high-capacity global telephone network that links computers.

Q: Richard Beckman’s B-to-I plan for revamping trade journals parallels the transformation of the Wall Street Journal from an insider newsletter to major newspaper in the 1940s.

Q: HBO was the first cable network using satellites to deliver programming.

Q: The high cost of Internet production and delivery will hinder the expansion of media content.

Q: Trade journals are published to serve small professional audiences within a particular industry, not a broad mass audience.

Q: The semiconductor has had little influence in the development of digital technology.

Q: News magazines are the exception to the pattern of declining newsstand sales in recent years.

Q: Television signals ricochet off the upper atmosphere and follow the curvature of the earth.

Q: The notion that news reporting should be “objective” gradually developed in response to all of the following influences EXCEPT A) the Associated Press’s desire to serve the informational needs of all its member newspapers. B) the desire to not lose money by offending advertisers or readers with partisanship. C) the fear of violating the First Amendment by appearing to take sides in political campaigns. D) the Penny Press’s desire to appeal to the largest possible audience.

Q: The term “auteur” is used for media content lacking artistic excellence.

Q: Flyers were the first form of printed advertising.

Q: Concerns about American cultural imperialism are now being reconsidered in light of all of the following EXCEPT A) Al-Jazeera’s transition from a small regional news medium into a global news channel. B) changes that have occurred in four decades since Schiller first published his book. C) the impact of Pokėmon, Manga comics, and other Japanese imports in the U.S.. D) the worldwide expansion of MTV and ESPN and overseas editions of USA Today.

Q: A(n) __________ is a staged event, usually a photogenic one, presented to attract media attention.

Q: The government tried to use import restrictions to keep James Joyce’s Ulysses out of the United States.

Q: With its new approach that adds more perspective and context to traditional news coverage, the New York Times has chosen to alert readers to these different types of stories by A) adding a colored byline if the writer’s opinion or interpretation is included in the story. B) color-coded headlines: black = traditional news; red = opinion; blue = expert analysis; etc. C) including the story category of interpretative pieces in a heading above the headline. D) an index number (0 for all news; 7 for personal opinion; 4 for balanced report) on each story.

Q: Iranian filmmaker Jafar Panahi was honored at the Cannes Film Festival for producing movies that prompted his arrest and prosecution in his own home country.

Q: The primary role of advertising is to provide consumers with information on which to make buying decisions.

Q: What is the term for the dominance of one culture over another? A) cultural imperialism B) revisionism C) exocentrism D) diffusion of culture

Q: The key to good Presidential __________ that resonate powerfully through the mass media is not trickery with words but a quality message.

Q: Some members of Iceland’s parliament hope their new laws will attract media companies and whistle-blowers like WikiLeaks to come to Iceland where they won’t have to worry about laws that restrict the free flow of information.

Q: Congress set up the Corporation for Public Broadcasting to develop a national system of noncommercial broadcasting.

Q: Seeking a middle-ground between fact-centric event coverage and trying to provide context, The New York Times now labels stories with all of the following categories EXCEPT A) Appraisal. B) Manhattan Outlook. C) News Column. D) Review.

Q: In recent years, some video games (e.g., Madden NFL) have attracted larger audiences than major blockbuster programming (e.g., The Sopranos) on television.

Q: Advertising plays an even more important role in authoritarian societies than in democratic ones.

Q: The process through which news, ideas, and information are spread is called A) historic transmission. B) intercultural communication. C) diffusion of innovations. D) transmittal transformation.

Q: Jon Favreau’s job as a __________ involves listening while the President speaks and making notes, reshaping those notes into a draft, having the President rewrite the draft, then reshaping and rewriting what the President has done, and finally both of them add the finishing touches.

Q: WikiLeaks, whose servers were located outside Iceland, achieved heroic status there for posting information about its banking collapse that the Icelandic media couldn’t reveal because of a court injunction.

Q: Satellite technology dramatically reshaped the fundamental structures and operating practices of the telephone, television, and radio industries but had little impact on printed media.

Q: Both revenue streams for magazines, advertising and sales to readers, are decreasing.

Q: Games have no rating system for parental guidance.

Q: Procter & Gamble spends the most on advertising in the U.S. media.

Q: What is it called when mass media communicate cultural values to different cultures? A) contemporary transmission B) historical transmission C) role modeling D) cultural Imperialism

Q: A(n)__________ is when a person or institution decides to issue no statements and declines news media questions, despite public interest.

Q: A banking collapse that remained shrouded in secrecy because of court injunctions that prevented media coverage of what had happened has prompted new laws that may make Iceland one of the most open and transparent nations in the world.

Q: The first cable television systems were created to provide television to apartment complexes in metropolitan areas.

Q: Demassification gives a global perspective to a wider range of readers.

Q: In the 1960s, FCC Chairman Newton Minnow lauded television as a “vast wonderland” of entertainment programming.

Q: Almost one quarter of Americans age 6 or older play video games.

Q: Advertising is the most expensive form of selling.

Q: The communication of cultural values to later generations is called A) contemporary transmission. B) historical transmission. C) diffusion of history. D) cataloguing history.

Q: When someone refuses to answer questions or even meet with reporters, that person is ___________.

Q: The government can only limit the time, place or manner of expression if that limitation is made on a content-neutral basis.

Q: Copper wires are replacing fiber-optic cables as a more efficient way of carrying telephone messages.

Q: Life magazine emphasized visuals that raised photojournalism to a new level and importance .

Q: Roone Arledge created Fox and made it the fourth major network.

Q: Seeking a middle-ground between fact-centric event coverage and trying to provide context, The New York Times now labels stories with all of the following categories EXCEPT A) Editor’s Perspective. B) Man in the News. C) News Analysis. D) Reporter’s Notebook.

Q: Reacting to negative stereotypes, newspaper editor Kathleen Rutledge banned any reference to sports team names or mascot nicknames that might be offensive to A) Asians B) Latinos C) Native Americans D) African Americans

Q: A(n) __________ is a deliberate disclosure of classified or confidential information that is usually provided by a confidential source.

Q: Censorship can be justified for words used to provoke violence under the Fighting Words Doctrine.

Q: A downlink is a ground station that receives a signal relayed from a communication satellite.

Q: Hugh Hefner created the modern question-and-answer format personality profile for magazines.

Q: The regulatory mechanism created by Congress for television in the 1930s resulted in a three-tier system – local, networks and corporate affiliates.

Q: Today, the Hutchins Commission’s concerns about the declining number of news sources A) has become a moot point due to the proliferation of Internet and cable news sources. B) has been effectively counteracted by the demassification of media audiences. C) is more valid than ever due to the impact of the Internet on traditional news sources. D) remains critical with daily papers going out of business and radio abandoning news programs.

Q: The Hutchins Commission’s call for increased social responsibility in reporting the news was partly fueled by its concerns about A) the extremely high level of profits that were turning newspaper owners into Republicans. B) the increase in one-newspaper towns where there was no news-reporting competition. C) the increasing arrogance of rich newspaper publishers and their lavish lifestyles. D) printed media not having to follow the government’s Fairness Doctrine for the broadcast media.

Q: Sales of video games in the U.S. outpaced movies for the first time in 2001.

Q: Advertising has no role and serves no purpose when survival is the main concern.

Q: Experts predict that video gaming will continue to expand in the future and become more integrated with other forms of entertainment media.

Q: Advertising is essential to a prosperous society?