Q&A Hero

Q: The Public Relations Society of America is the professional public relations association.

Q: The Audit Bureau of Circulations pioneered radio audience studies.

Q: Radio stations have become financially dependent on recorded music because it is __________ programming compared to bringing live talent into the studio to perform.

Q: E-mail was developed as part of a military communication network in 1969.

Q: Because news companies cannot survive without audiences, the quest to deliver __________ that attracts audiences is never-ending and highly competitive.

Q: False congressional testimony arranged by the public relations firm of Hill & Knowlton helped spark the U.S. to lead a war against Iraq to make it end its occupation of Kuwait.

Q: Sidewalk interviews conducted by newspapers accurately reflect the views of the population.

Q: U.S. broadcasts into Cuba on Television __________ have been declared illegal by the International Telecommunications Union, an arm of the United Nations.

Q: In reporting that a model citizen had served time for multiple murders many years earlier, editors at the Rocky Mountain News employed situational ethics.

Q: In mass communication, __________ are massive, eclectic, and heterogeneous.

Q: __________, the largest news-gathering organization in the world, is a cooperative owned and operated by its members.

Q: __________ restricts Internet content with a very effective firewall it calls Golden Shield.

Q: Pragmatic ethics are a teleological approach.

Q: __________ is communication between two individuals.

Q: __________ is the national newspaper sponsored by the Christian Science church.

Q: A radio station’s __________ contains all of the songs that its DJs are allowed to play on the air.

Q: Yahoo has become an advertising powerhouse because it can give advertisers targeted audience segments with precisely the characteristics the advertisers want.

Q: A journalistic trend toward less important and sometimes frivolous coverage is called __________.

Q: Fund-raising has growing importance in political communication, especially since the Internet has made it possible to solicit a much broader base of support.

Q: The sampling behind straw polls is usually carefully constructed.

Q: Because sound bites have shortened over the years, political candidates have learned how to A) offer catchy, clever comments. B) expand on their issues. C) talk at a rapid pace. D) avoid the news media.

Q: Polling companies relinquish all rights to their findings when they issue the results to their clients.

Q: How long is a candidate’s sound bite in most of today’s broadcast news stories? A) 2-5 seconds B) 10 seconds or less C) 15-20 seconds D) 30 seconds up to a one minute maximum

Q: When a media chain sells some of its assets in troubled economic times, it’s called __________.

Q: Radio __________ is essentially free advertising for the recording industry because radio listeners may buy the songs they hear and like on the radio.

Q: Almost all of Google’s revenue is from advertising.

Q: __________ is an early-19th century term for investigative journalism.

Q: Jack Abramoff, while engaged in suspicious activities, was found NOT guilty in a congressional scandal.

Q: __________ changes the role of the radio listener from being a passive recipient of someone else’s playlist into an active participant who helps determine what is played.

Q: Search engines Yahoo and Google made billionaires of their creators.

Q: Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein uncovered the __________ scandal.

Q: Political communication is the exchange of information between politician and lobbyist.

Q: There is at great risk of exposure and public embarrassment if a polling company’s client misrepresents survey results.

Q: The actual voice of a figure in the news, usually sandwiched in a correspondent’s report, is called a(n) A) talking head. B) announcement. C) voice-over. D) sound bite.

Q: __________ mass media send messages from one country to another country that doesn’t want its people to receive those messages.

Q: The theory of the divine right of kings is an example of teleological ethics.

Q: _______________ requires an audience of more than one, all within earshot.

Q: Simultaneous exposure to messages from different media is called __________.

Q: The process of companies being brought into common ownership but remaining distinct entities is called __________.

Q: The economic collapse of most investments in Internet commerce in 2000 was called e-collapse.

Q: CNN exemplifies the recent trend of __________ coverage, which replaces the tradition of one daily deadline with a series of constantly recurring deadlines 24-hours per day, around the clock.

Q: Lobbyists are legally required to register, but this is NOT always strictly enforced.

Q: Interview polls conducted in shopping malls are just as accurate as other methods of polling.

Q: What happens when the news media treat politics like a horse race? A) People place bets on the outcome. B) Substantive issues are underplayed. C) It becomes easier to track lesser-known candidates. D) Reporters use racing and equine metaphors and slang.

Q: Radio __________, operated by the U.S., is a trans-border mass medium broadcasting in Farsi. Answer: Farda, Topic: Trans-Border Soft Diplomacy

Q: Deontological ethics believe that if one identifies moral rules, they provide all the answers for right living.

Q: An editor who decides what stories to cover and how and when to present them to the public is called a(n) ___________.

Q: Public relations is an important component in politics.

Q: Responsible and cautious journalists will thoroughly question the methodology of polls before running stories about their findings.

Q: Journalists learn early in their careers that conflict A) is not worth covering. B) is comfortable, usually fun for everybody involved. C) rarely occurs and hardly is an everyday event. D) illustrates the issues by which society defines values.

Q: U.S. assistance to Afghanistan’s mass media is characterized as “__________diplomacy” which is meant to get messages favorable to the U.S. directly to the people.

Q: The Hutchins Commission recommended journalists make decisions that serve the society responsibly.

Q: The technology-assisted transmission of messages to mass audiences is known as __________.

Q: Venture capitalists are __________ who willing to risk their money by putting it into start-up businesses or companies that are trying to expand rapidly.

Q: Radio’s shift away from news to more music in the 1990s clearly demonstrated its basic capitalistic nature and desire to maximize profits.

Q: When a poll is taken makes little difference in the results because opinions rarely change.

Q: Why is conflict such an exciting subject for media coverage? A) The language that describes conflict is usually more expressive and active. B) It often illustrates the great issues by which society is defining and redefining values. C) Conflict is often bloody. D) Their responses to conflict help media outlets differentiate themselves from competitors.

Q: __________ is the Australian mastermind who created and runs WikiLeaks.org.

Q: The Hutchins Commission studied television news in the 1970s.

Q: Today’s demassification and media diversity contributes to less social cohesion than the mass audiences and limited number of media choices enjoyed by previous generations.

Q: Advertisers buy time from the broadcast media and __________ from the print media.

Q: Although they were late in developing, the recording industry’s adoption of selling mechanisms for downloaded music have now replaced the revenue they initially lost from declining CD sales.

Q: Unlike Yahoo, Google has not expanded much beyond its original purpose and remains almost solely focused on providing users with the best possible search engine.

Q: WikiLeaks.org has posted more than a half-million classified __________ government documents about the war in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Q: The veil of ignorance means making decisions with no regard to extraneous factors that could affect the decision.

Q: Narrowcasting, as opposed to broadcasting, is was a term coined to reflect how radio and television are now seeking niche audiences.

Q: Mass media derive income either by selling their products directly to the audience or from__________.

Q: Napster demonstrated how traditional mass media industries often miss transformational opportunities presented by new technologies until it’s almost too late to save themselves.

Q: Page and Brin originally opposed advertising as “a commercial contaminant” of their creation but finally gave in and began accepting advertising in 2010.

Q: Canadian media scholar Marshall __________ used a continuum of hot and cool media to explain many of the characteristic ways in which people engaged with different media.

Q: Advocacy by public relations people is not limited to lobbying and political communication, but they are two of the most important types of advocacy.

Q: In a study of CBS Evening News , what percentage of the opening news stories featured the president? A) 10 B) 25 C) 60 D) 90

Q: Quota sampling seeks demographically representative samples.

Q: Which of the following best summarizes framing? A) Framing is a term that is only applied to issues related to politics or government. B) Only political candidates frame issues. C) Politicians deliberately frame issues while news reporters inadvertently frame them by deciding what to report. D) Framing is a conscious activity by politicians but is never done by competentnews reporters.

Q: __________ claims that those who provide classified or other secret information for its web site are engaged in “principled leaking”.

Q: Pragmatic ethics emphasize that moral decisions must be made without consideration of the result.

Q: Defragmentation is an alternate term for demassification of the mass media.

Q: __________ is an economic system with private owners operating trade and industry for profit.

Q: TuneIn Radio allows listeners to draw on-demand programming from 50,000 radio stations from all around the world.

Q: The name “Yahoo” was inspired by a name of a hobbit in The Lord of the Rings.