Q&A Hero

Q: The general term for the period from 1984 to the present is Era of Digital Lifestyle.

Q: Using the term __________ to describe what news is supposed to be is like asking for an impossible-to-achieve values-free selection process to choose what will be reported.

Q: Objections to the Journal’s decision to name the victims in news stories about rapes came from defense attorneys who fear the chance to some publicity will inspire “crazies who like getting their name in the paper” to falsely report being raped.

Q: Mass media first came into existence in the late-1800s.

Q: The process of turning a new media technology into a commercially viable mass medium has generally involved costly and time-consuming false starts.

Q: The audience for talk radio is representative of mainstream Americans.

Q: Fortune magazine declared Steve Jobs as “second only to Bill Gates in his ability to manage a complex company during the troubled economy of the 21st century.”

Q: To avoid confusion over its new approach to news, The New York Times is careful to put __________ on any of its articles that go beyond straightforward news reporting into analysis.

Q: Paul Garrett coined the phrase “enlightened self-interest.”

Q: Gallup was convinced that public opinion surveys helped to make democracy work.

Q: Research is the first phase of the process in which a new mass medium evolves into maturity and then beyond into a phase where it’s past its prime.

Q: National Public Radio was the first all-news station.

Q: Steve Jobs said Apple’s growing stream of iDevices was intended to provide a “digital hub” so consumers could enjoy a richer and more meaningful digital lifestyle.

Q: Since neither the Bennett model of news nor the Hutchins model fully suit today’s conditions, The New York Times has developed a new __________ model with elements of both in it.

Q: Integrated marketing communication closely coordinates the efforts of PR and advertising within an organization.

Q: George Gallup’s accurate predictions of Franklin Roosevelt’s election as President established his reputation as a pollster and quickly attracted clients.

Q: All of these mass media are virtually unregulated in terms of political content EXCEPT A) the Internet. B) television. C) magazines. D) newspapers.

Q: The belief that proper decisions follow the monarch’s will, which is linked to the Almighty, is known as the __________.

Q: Products pioneered by Apple have enabled people to more effectively and easily integrate their access to a number of different technologies into their daily lives.

Q: The most basic recommendation of the Hutchins Commission was that news should be presented in a meaningful __________ and not just as a set of isolated events.

Q: External relations includes in-house employee newsletters.

Q: George Gallup conducted the first serious poll for a political candidate when his mother-in-law ran for office.

Q: Newspapers that were considered dissident in Chicago and Ohio were shut down during what war? A) Vietnam B) World War I C) Civil War D) World War II

Q: An important organization that tracks press freedom worldwide is __________.

Q: Some critics of the Shelton, Washington Journal’s decision to include the names of victims in news stories about rapes included journalists who withhold the names of rape victims because of the social stigma attached to being raped.

Q: Insights into the human condition that are presented by the mass media can be very important in helping us figure out and better understand ourselves.

Q: Some online publications use a micropayment system where users pay a small fee for each story they read instead of buying an entire issue.

Q: News on radio stations that limited their news coverage to very short stories and 2-3 minute newscasts were often called a headline service.

Q: The __________ Commission on the Freedom of the Press examined the way news was reported in the United States and recommended a new and better approach.

Q: The three functional areas of responsibility for most public relations department are external relations, internal relations and media relations.

Q: Newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer is believed to have done some of the first audience research by looking over people’s shoulders to see what they were reading.

Q: The U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in the Tornillo case A) said the First Amendment was less applicable to print media than to broadcast media. B) established rules mandating equal time for candidates. C) blocked attack ads in print media. D) said First Amendment protections apply more directly to print media than to broadcast media.

Q: __________ political systems have been the most common throughout history.

Q: Newspaper editor Charlie Gay refuses to name victims of all crimes, not just sexual-assaults, because he says naming people without permission is an invasion of privacy.

Q: Before mass media, people created their own diversion, entertainment and amusement.

Q: Radio station owner Don Burden lost his license because he A) favored some political candidates over others. B) promoted certain products on-air. C) used his stations to promote the Communist Party. D) was sued for labor law violations.

Q: When comparing media systems, a bipolar model would have libertarianism at one end of the spectrum and __________at the other.

Q: NOT producing a story that puts your newspaper’s parent company in bad light would seem to be primarily based on a sense of duty to self.

Q: Advertising is the only type of mass message that is persuasive.

Q: Underwriting is the term commercial radio stations use instead of advertising.

Q: Many radio stations eliminated news departments after deregulation in the 1990s.

Q: The advantages of digital archives include all of the following EXCEPT A) archivists won’t have to be selective; they can save anything that can be digitized. B) the Dewey Decimal System used by libraries is perfect for online searching and indexing. C) unlike libraries, they won’t need to periodically prune their collections to regain shelf space. D) the volume of information they can store will dwarf anything previously attempted.

Q: What is the name of the project to put online all books ever produced? A) The Amazon Collection B) The Yahoo Literature Collection C) The E-World Library D) The Google Books Library Project

Q: Even today there are lingering remnants of the sensationalism of the __________ journalism era evident in celebrity coverage.

Q: A public relations vice president has an inherent conflict of interest between developing strategy and implementing it.

Q: Nate Silver correctly predicted the outcomes of the Presidential election and U.S. Senate elections in 49 out of 50 states during the 2008 elections.

Q: Public relations methods used by the U.S. Office of War Information in the Gulf War brought public relations practice to much higher level.

Q: The prosperous people comprising about 20 percent of the U.S. population, according to VALS, are the A) achievers. B) emulators. C) experientials. D) integrateds.

Q: The fairness doctrine was abandoned because A) it was found to be unconstitutional. B) it was giving communists a chance to infiltrate U.S. broadcasting. C) the public could find lots of diversity in the growing number of stations. D) authoritarian views had become more widely accepted.

Q: At one point in Afghan’s media history, the Taliban had required that __________ content consist of nothing but calls to prayer and religious chants.

Q: Media ethics can be confusing because communicators have sometimes conflicting duties to their audiences, their employers, their profession, their society, and themselves.

Q: The role of persuasion is especially important in a democratic society.

Q: Minnesota and New Mexico subsidize noncommercial radio.

Q: Arbitron is a company that surveys radio listenership.

Q: The Corporation for Public Broadcasting distributes funding to PBS and NPR.

Q: Although sound recordings could be made and re-played in the 1870s, it wasn’t possible to duplicate them for another ten years.

Q: Online gamers are attractive to advertisers because A) they are predominately young. B) about 40 percent earn $50,000 a year or more. C) they are predominately female. D) they have more expendable cash than the rest of the population.

Q: One of the great newspaper circulation battles occurred in the Yellow Period between Joseph Pulitzer and __________.

Q: Former employees of the Office of War Information shaped the way PR was conducted in America after World War II.

Q: Which VALS category represents the largest percentage of the U.S. population? A) achievers B) belongers C) emulators D) integrateds

Q: The former government requirement that stations air all sides of public issues was the A) equal time rule. B) C-Span rule. C) fairness doctrine. D) framing doctrine.

Q: Both the news and entertainment offered by the Tolo TV network based in __________ reflect the new press freedom offered by the country’s new constitution which was written in 2003.

Q: Timeliness is a NOT a virtue in most news ethics codes.

Q: Cell phone communication was one of the primary tools used by organizers to successfully oust Egypt’s ruler during the Arab Spring of 2011.

Q: World War I was an extremely popular cause with Americans from the beginning.

Q: Which of the following is a psychographic analysis by values, lifestyle and life stage? A) VIRIS B) PALZ C) PRISM D) VALS

Q: Why did Congress establish the equal-time rule? A) To guarantee reply time during elections. B) To preserve the two-party system. C) To guarantee debate among political candidates. D) To ensure that people using the limited number of broadcast channels would be even-handed.

Q: Global online communication makes it harder to keep secrets than ever before.

Q: Respect for privacy is common in ethics codes.

Q: The outcome of Cairo, Egypt’s Arab Spring in 2011 was heavily influenced by key protesters’ ability to apply their media literacy skills to a serious political problem.

Q: New sources and combinations of revenue are being sought by the mass media as traditional advertising and subscription revenue dry up.

Q: Choosing a format is a marketing decision radio stations make to help them deliver an audience with clearly defined characteristics to their advertisers.

Q: The Entertainment Software Association reports that online gamers average how many hours a week playing games? A) 2.5 hours B) 4 hours C) 6.5 hours D) 9 hours

Q: The era of the __________ was characterized by sensationalism and journalistic excess that triggered bitter newspaper circulation wars.

Q: The equal time rule mandates that broadcasters A) provide air time for the opposition party to immediately respond to a political message like the State of the Union. B) grant non-profit advertisers the same amount of airtime as given to corporate advertisers. C) must provide the same amount of coverage to all sides of a political issue. D) charge a flat, across-the-board rate for all political advertisers so they can be assured of equal ad access.

Q: Governments in nations that are targeted by others for trans-border broadcasts rarely see these efforts as benign and usually attempt to block them.

Q: Prescriptive ethics assumes that a code of ethics can offer all the answers.

Q: Information comes in many forms besides news; even advertising offers information that helps consumers make intelligent buying decisions.

Q: For a while at least, the Newspaper Preservation Act kept newspaper competition alive in more than two dozen cities that already had competing daily newspapers.

Q: Country radio programming trails adult contemporary and classic rock formats in popularity.