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Communication
Q:
List four strategies for grabbing an audience's attention at the beginning of a speech.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe process of assigning meaning to information we have selected.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectPersonal beliefs about different personalities and the ways traits cluster together.
Q:
Provide an example of a simile.
Q:
What is the difference between simile and metaphor?
Q:
What is allusion, and why would a speaker use it in a speech?
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe process of comparing and assessing positive and negative characteristics to form impressions of others.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectAccording to this theory, our primary goal in initial interactions is to reduce the feeling of uncertainty about our conversation partners so their behavior is more predictable and explainable.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe tendency to form positive Gestalts.
Q:
What are the purposes of internal previews and summaries?
Q:
Provide an example of a signpost.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe tendency to assign external causes to one's own behavior.
Q:
In your own words, define a transition.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information from our senses.
Q:
List the five steps in the motivated sequence.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe tendency to negatively interpret the communication and behaviors of people for whom we have negative Gestalts.
Q:
For which of the three general purposes discussed in the text would the problem"solution pattern be best suited?
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectExplanations for the comments and behaviors of others.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectMental structures we use to interpret information during the perception process.
Q:
What organizational pattern do the following main points utilize?
I. Single-family homes offer homeowners privacy and a great investment opportunity but require maintenance work and are too expensive for some first-time buyers.
II. Condos and townhomes offer homeowners an affordable, low-maintenance housing option but are less private and appreciate in value at a slower rate than single-family homes do.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe tendency to make internal attributions about one's own successful behaviors.
Q:
Describe the test the authors suggest for ensuring that your main points are on the right track.
Q:
Speakers usually use a(n) ______________ outline as a rough draft they revisit and revise continually throughout the preparation of their speeches.
A) speaking
B) preparation
C) manuscript
D) essay
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectA phase of the perception process in which we structure information into coherent, meaningful patterns in our minds.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectFocusing our attention on specific stimuli found in our environment.
Q:
A comparison between two things that uses the word like or as is referred to as a(n)
A) allusion.
B) simile.
C) metaphor.
D) alliteration.
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectThe human tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal causes rather than to social or environmental forces.
Q:
"We are drowning in high-fructose corn syrup and there is no lifeguard on duty, so it's time for us to learn to swim," is an example of a(n)
A) allusion.
B) simile.
C) metaphor.
D) repetition.
Q:
_____________ involves making a vague or indirect reference to people, historical events, or concepts to give deeper meaning to the message.
A) Simile
B) Metaphor
C) Allusion
D) Alliteration
Q:
Match the concept, term, or theory with its correct response or definition.algebraic impressionsorganizationattributionsperceptionempathypersonalityempathy mind-setpositivity biasfundamental attribution errorpunctuationGestaltsaliencehalo effectschematahorn effectselectionimplicit personality theoriesself-serving biasinterpersonal impressionsstereotypinginterpretationUncertainty Reduction Theorynegativity effectOur tendency to positively interpret information about someone for whom we have established a positive Gestalt.
Q:
Explain the five-step process of perception-checking.
Q:
"First," "additionally," and "moving on" are all examples of what your textbook authors call
A) signposts.
B) internal previews.
C) signifiers.
D) attention grabbers.
Q:
Explain how we form impressions using stereotypes. Is stereotyping always negative? Provide an example.
Q:
"Sentences that connect different thoughts, points, and details in a way that allows them to flow naturally from one to the next" is most closely associated with which of the following terms?
A) signposts
B) previews
C) subpoints
D) transitions
Q:
Which of the following is not one of the steps in the motivated sequence pattern?
A) attention
B) need
C) alternatives
D) satisfaction
Q:
Discuss the relationship between gender and perception. What are some common misconceptions about the ways in which women and men communicate differently?
Q:
How can offering empathy be used to improve the accuracy of our perceptions?
Q:
Identify the Big Five personality traits.
Q:
A speech that is built around a story or series of stories uses which type of pattern?
A) topical
B) spatial
C) narrative
D) proximal
Q:
Which organizational pattern organizes the main points according to their physical proximity in relation to one another?
A) topical
B) spatial
C) chronological
D) proximal
Q:
What is a practical benefit of perspective-taking?
Q:
What organizational pattern do the following main points represent?
I. Small breed dogs, like Chihuahuas, make excellent pets for people who do not have a lot of physical space.
II. Larger breed dogs, like Labrador Retrievers, make excellent pets for people who have plenty of outdoor space.
III. Other dogs, like Greyhounds, offer compassionate people an opportunity to rescue pets that need stability and TLC.
A) topical pattern
B) spatial pattern
C) chronological pattern
D) cause"effect pattern
Q:
Brad is organizing his speech on the process of rebuilding a transmission. What organizational pattern would best suit his needs for this speech?
A) topical pattern
B) spatial pattern
C) chronological pattern
D) cause"effect pattern
Q:
How can you overcome stereotypes?
Q:
The organizational pattern that presents the main points of a speech forward in a systematic, time-related fashion is named the ___________ pattern.
A) chronological
B) topical
C) spatial
D) cause"effect
Q:
How do algebraic impressions impact how we form interpersonal impressions of others?
Q:
Identify two interactive strategies for reducing uncertainty.
Q:
____________ are the central claims that support a speaker's specific speech purpose and thesis statement.
A) Key words
B) Main points
C) Subpoints
D) Facts
Q:
Explain why we often make the perceptual error of self-serving bias.
Q:
Explain why the language a speaker uses is critical to his or her success as a speaker. Based on what you have learned in this chapter, what advice do you have for how a speaker can use language effectively and avoid some common pitfalls that can get in the way of the speech's success?
*This question can be used to synthesize information from Chapter 12 by specifically referencing the idea of ethics by adding: Why is it an ethical obligation of the speaker to use language appropriately in his or her speech? or How can the use of inappropriate language undermine the dignity of the audience, and how can a speaker demonstrate his or her integrity through the use of appropriate language? or How can appropriate language usage help a speaker demonstrate to an audience that he or she is trustworthy, respectful, responsible, and fair?
Q:
Explain what the fundamental attribution error is and why it is so common.
Q:
What are the three functions of a well-written conclusion? Describe some of the options a speaker has for accomplishing those functions.
Q:
Describe how transitions, signposts, internal previews, and internal summaries are used in the body of the speech.
Q:
What's the difference between an internal attribution and an external attribution?
Possible
Q:
How do attributions play a role in the interpretation stage of the perception process?
Q:
How does salience impact the selection stage of the perception process?
Q:
What are the three crucial tasks the introduction of a speech must accomplish? Explain how a speaker can accomplish those tasks.
Q:
There are some essential guidelines for writing a good outline, regardless of whether it is a working or speaking outline, or whether it is a sentence, phrase, or key-word outline. Describe, in detail, what you understand those guidelines to be.
Q:
How does punctuation impact the organization stage of the perception process?
Q:
Define the negativity effect, and explain its role in how we perceive others.
Q:
Compare and contrast the working and speaking outlines. How does the speaker transition from a working outline to a speaking outline? Among the sentence, phrase, and key word styles of outlines, which ones work best for working outlines and which ones work best for speaking outlines?
*Note: if testing is done after coverage of Chapter 14, this question can be adapted to synthesize information about delivery by adding: How might the style of outline used impact the effectiveness of the speaker's delivery?
Q:
Explain the difference between the cultural concepts of ingroupers and outgroupers.
Q:
Describe the following organizational patterns and the types of speeches each would work well to organize: chronological pattern, topical pattern, spatial pattern, problem"solution pattern, cause"effect pattern, and motivated sequence pattern.
Q:
Dan used a Web-based service to ask a large group of people a set of questions related to his topic to find out what others thought about the subject. We would say that Dan was using a(n)
A) interview.
B) meta-search.
C) survey.
D) quiz.
Q:
Define empathy and its two components.
Q:
As he opens his speech persuading his classmates to donate their used shoes to a charity, Jonah tells a brief story about a child who has no shoes and must walk to school barefoot. What type of information is he using to support his speech?
A) a statistic
B) lay testimony
C) expert testimony
D) an anecdote
Q:
Explain the difference between the halo effect and the horn effect.
Q:
Numerical expressions used to show trends, the size of something, or relationships between things are called
A) testimony.
B) comparisons.
C) contrasts.
D) statistics.
Q:
In her speech on the process of producing television news, Julia references an opinion statement made by a professor from Arizona State University who teaches a course in broadcast journalism. What type of research information is Julia using to support her speech?
A) statistics
B) lay testimony
C) expert testimony
D) an anecdote
Q:
Which of the following statements would be classified as a thesis statement?
A) To persuade people to become organ donors
B) To convince my audience that organ donation is important in hopes that they will consider signing up to become an organ donor and eventually save someone's life
C) Organ donation pros and cons
D) Organ donors are able to turn tragedy into a blessing by saving lives through their generous and selfless actions.
Q:
What are the three strategies for reducing uncertainty? Give an example of each strategy.
Q:
Define and give an example of how implicit personality theories work.
Q:
Define perception and identify the three stages of the process.
Q:
A statement that conveys the central idea about your topic is a ____________ statement.
A) general purpose
B) specific purpose
C) thesis
D) topic
Q:
Which of the following sentences best demonstrates empathic concern?A. I"d love to get your thoughts on this.B. I know just how you feel.C. I hope you"re doing okay.D. Seeing it from your side makes a lot of sense.E. You"re being unreasonable.
Q:
Which of the following is a specific purpose statement?
A) To inform about neon tetras
B) To inform
C) To have my audience know how to set up an aquarium and care for neon tetras
D) Neon tetras are inexpensive and are easy to care for, making them an ideal pet for college students.
Q:
As Jill begins to prepare for her informative speech, she tries to come up with topic ideas by first writing down the name of the town where she was born, Chicago, and then writing down other words she associates with it. Eventually, she has a complex web of ideas spilled across the page including tourist attractions, sports teams, famous people who live or work there, and the great fire that nearly destroyed the city. What process has she used to come up with these potential topics?
A) brainstorming
B) clustering
C) topic narrowing
D) cognitive structuring
Q:
What has linguist Deborah Tannen suggested is a primary difference in communication between women and men?A. men tend to focus on problemsB. women tend to focus on problemsC. men tend to focus on solutionsD. men tend to offer emotional supportE. none of the options are correct
Q:
The process of amassing information, thinking creatively, and considering problems and solutions related to your topic is most closely associated with which of the following terms?
A) clustering
B) brainstorming
C) audience analysis
D) cognitive restructuring
Q:
When we perceive others as outgroupers, we are more likely to
A. feel more connected to them.
B. give them more resources.
C. see them as similar to us.
D. form negative impressions of them.
E. make external attributions for their behavior.