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Q:
Age, height, and weight are examples of numerical data.
Q:
A sample of 20 observations has a standard deviation of 4. The sum of the squared deviations from the sample mean is:
a. 400
b. 320
c. 304
d. 288
e. 180
Q:
Expressed in percentiles, the interquartile range is the difference between the
a. 10th and 60th percentiles
b. 15th and 65th percentiles
c. 20th and 70th percentiles
d. 25th and 75th percentiles
e. 35th and 85th percentiles
Q:
Which of the following statements is true?
a. The sum of the deviations from the mean is always zero
b. The sum of the squared deviations from the mean is always zero
c. The range is always smaller than the variance
d. The standard deviation is always smaller than the variance
Q:
The average score for a class of 30 students was 75. The 20 male students in the class averaged 70. The 10 female students in the class averaged:
a. 75
b. 85
c. 60
d. 70
e. 80
Q:
In a histogram, the percentage of the total area which must be to the left of the median is:
a. exactly 50%
b. less than 50% if the distribution is skewed to the left
c. more than 50% if the distribution is skewed to the right
d. between 25% and 50% if the distribution is symmetric and unimodal
Q:
Which of the following statements is true for the following data values: 7, 5, 6, 4, 7, 8, and 12?
a. The mean, median and mode are all equal
b. Only the mean and median are equal
c. Only the mean and mode are equal
d. Only the median and mode are equal
Q:
For a boxplot, the box itself represents what percent of the observations?
a. lower 25%
b. middle 50%
c. upper 75%
d. upper 90%
e. 100%
Q:
The mode is best described as the
a. middle observation
b. same as the average
c. 50th percentile
d. most frequently occurring value
e. third quartile
Q:
Suppose that a histogram of a data set is approximately symmetric and "bell shaped". Approximately what percent of the observations are within two standard deviations of the mean?
a. 50%
b. 68%
c. 95%
d. 99.7%
e. 100%
Q:
The length of the box in the boxplot portrays the
a. mean
b. median
c. range
d. interquartile range
e. third quartile
Q:
Which of the following are the three most common measures of central location?
a. Mean, median, and mode
b. Mean, variance, and standard deviation
c. Mean, median, and variance
d. Mean, median, and standard deviation
e. First quartile, second quartile, and third quartile
Q:
For a boxplot, the vertical line inside the box indicates the location of the
a. mean
b. median
c. mode
d. minimum value
e. maximum value
Q:
For a boxplot, the point inside the box indicates the location of the
a. mean
b. median
c. minimum value
d. maximum value
Q:
If a value represents the 95th percentile, this means that
a. 95% of all values are below this value
b. 95% of all values are above this value
c. 95% of the time you will observe this value
d. there is a 5% chance that this value is incorrect
e. there is a 95% chance that this value is correct
Q:
The difference between the first and third quartile is called the
a. interquartile range
b. interdependent range
c. unimodal range
d. bimodal range
e. mid range
Q:
The median can also be described as:
a. the middle observation when the data values are arranged in ascending order
b. the second quartile
c. the 50th percentile
d. All of these options
Q:
Which of the following are the two most commonly used measures of variability?
a. Variance and median
b. Variance and standard deviation
c. Mean and variance
d. Mean and range
e. First quartile and third quartile
Q:
Which of the following are possible categorizations of data type?
a. Numerical versus categorical (with subcategories nominal, ordinal)
b. Discrete versus continuous
c. Cross-sectional versus time series
d. All of these options
e. Two of these options
Q:
When we look at a time series plot, we usually look for which two things?
a. "Is there an observable trend?" and "Is there a seasonal pattern?"
b. "Is there an observable trend" and "Can we make predictions?"
c. "Is the sample representative?" and "Is there a seasonal pattern?"
d. "Is there an observable trend?" and "Is the trend symmetric?"
Q:
In order for the characteristics of a sample to be generalized to the entire population, it should be:
a. symbolic of the population
b. typical of the population
c. representative of the population
d. illustrative of the population
Q:
A variable is classified as ordinal if:
a. there is a natural ordering of categories
b. there is no natural ordering of categories
c. the data arise from continuous measurements
d. we track the variable through a period of time
Q:
A histogram that has a single peak and looks approximately the same to the left and right of the peak is called:
a. bimodal
b. symmetric
c. balanced
d. proportional
Q:
A histogram that has exactly two peaks is called a
a. unimodal distribution
b. bimodal distribution
c. skewed distribution
d. scatterplot
Q:
A histogram that is positively skewed is also called
a. skewed to the right
b. skewed to the left
c. balanced
d. symmetric
Q:
Data that arise from counts are called:
a. continuous data
b. nominal data
c. counted data
d. discrete data
Q:
Which of the following indicates how many observations fall into various categories?
a. The Likert scale
b. The frequency table
c. The sample table
d. The tabulation scale
Q:
Gender and State are examples of which type of data?
a. Discrete data
b. Continuous data
c. Categorical data
d. Ordinal data
Q:
Numerical variables can be subdivided into which two types?
a. Diverse and categorical
b. Discrete and continuous
c. Nominal and progressive
d. Cross-sectional and discrete
Q:
Researchers may gain insight into the characteristics of a population by examining a
a. mathematical model describing the population
b. sample of the population
c. description of the population
d. replica
Q:
If data is stored in a database package, which of the following terms are typically used?
a. Fields and records
b. Cases and columns
c. Variables and samples
d. Variables and observations
Q:
A sample of a population taken at one particular point in time is categorized as:
a. categorical
b. discrete
c. cross-sectional
d. time-series
Q:
Graphical models are probably the least intuitive and most quantitative type of model.
Q:
The @Risk is Excel add-in that can be used to run replications of a simulation, keep track of outputs, create useful charts, and perform sensitivity analyses.
Q:
When we make inferences from data and search for relationships in data, or when we use decision trees to help make decisions, we must deal with uncertainty.
Q:
When we use simulation models to help make decisions, we do not deal with uncertainty at all, since we often must make inferences from the simulated data.
Q:
A fairly recent alternative to algebraic modeling is spreadsheet modeling. Instead of relating various quantities with algebraic equations and inequalities, we relate them in a spreadsheet with cell formulas.
Q:
Data are usually meaningless until they are analyzed for trends, patterns, relationships, and other useful information.
Q:
Algebraic models, by means of algebraic equations and inequalities, specify a set of relationships in a very precise way. Their main drawback is that they require an ability to work with abstract mathematical symbols.
Q:
The overall modeling process typically done in the business world always require seven steps: define the problem, collect and summarize data, formulate a model, verify the model, select one or more suitable decisions, present the results to the organization, and finally implement the model and update it through time.
Q:
Graphical models can be very helpful for simple problems. For complex problems, however, graphical models usually fail to show the important elements of a problem and how they are related.
Q:
Three important themes run through this book: data analysis, decision-making, and dealing with uncertainty.
Q:
Graphical models are the least intuitive type of model. Its purpose is simply to provide enough quantitative details to enable us solve the problem of interest.
Q:
The authors of Data Analysis & Decision Making book described three types of models: graphical models, algebraic models, and spreadsheet models.
Q:
Dealing with uncertainty includes measuring uncertainty and modeling uncertainty explicitly into the analysis.
Q:
Decision-making includes optimization techniques for problems with certainty, decision analysis for problems with certainty, and structured sensitivity analysis.
Q:
Data analysis includes data description, data inference, and the search for relationships in data.
Q:
Which of the following is an Excel add-in for simulation?
a. PrecisionTree
b. TopRank
c. Solver
d. @Risk
e. StatTools
Q:
Which of the following statements are true?
a. Three important themes run through the book. Two of them are in the title: data analysis and decision making. The third is dealing with uncertainty.
b. Data analysis includes data description, data inference, and the search for relationships in data
c. Decision making includes optimization techniques for problems with no uncertainty, decision analysis for problems with uncertainty, and structured sensitivity analysis.
d. Dealing with uncertainty includes measuring uncertainty and modeling uncertainty explicitly into the analysis.
e. All of these options
Q:
Which of the following statements are true:
a. A fairly recent alternative to algebraic modeling is spreadsheet modeling. Instead of relating various quantities with algebraic equations and inequalities, we relate them in a spreadsheet with cell formulas.
b. Data are usually meaningless until they are analyzed for trends, patterns, relationships, and other useful information
c. Algebraic models, by means of algebraic equations and inequalities, specify a set of relationships in a very precise way. Their main drawback is that they require an ability to work with abstract mathematical symbols.
d. When we make inferences from data and search for relationships in data, or when we use decision trees to help make decisions, we must deal with uncertainty.
e. All of these options
Q:
Which of the following statements are false?
a. Decision-making includes optimization techniques for problems with certainty, decision analysis for problems with certainty, and structured sensitivity analysis.
b. Graphical models can be very helpful for simple problems. For complex problems, however, graphical models usually fail to show the important elements of a problem and how they are related.
c. Dealing with uncertainty includes measuring uncertainty and modeling uncertainty explicitly into the analysis.
d. All of these options
Q:
Which of the following statements are false?
a. The modeling process discussed in Data Analysis & Decision Making book is five- step process
b. Dealing with uncertainty requires a basic understanding of probability
c. Uncertainty is a key aspect of most business problems
d. Data description and data inference are included under data analysis
Q:
Which of the following is Excel add-in for performing what-if analyses?
a. PrecisionTree
b. TopRank
c. Solver
d. @Risk
e. StatTools
Q:
The modeling process discussed in Data Analysis & Decision Making book is a
a. seven-step process
b. six-step process
c. five-step process
d. four-step process
e. three-step process
Q:
Which of the following is not one of the types of models described in Data Analysis & Decision Making book?
a. Algebraic model
b. Spreadsheet model
c. Scale model
d. Graphical model
Q:
The decision making process includes
a. optimization techniques for problems with no uncertainty
b. decision analysis for problems with uncertainty
c. sensitivity analysis
d. All of the above
Q:
Which of the following would notbe included under data analysis?
a. Measuring uncertainty
b. Data description
c. Data inference
d. Search for relationships
Q:
Which of the following is not one of the steps in the modeling process?
a. Select scale for model
b. Collect and summarize data
c. Verify the model
d. Present the results
e. Implement the model and update it through time
Q:
Data analysis includes
a. data description
b. data inference
c. the search for relationships in data
d. All of these options
Q:
Which of the following is not one of the important themes of your Data Analysis & Decision Making book?
a. Data analysis
b. Dealing with uncertainty
c. Decision making
d. Data mining
Q:
Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Dealing with uncertainty includes measuring uncertainty
b. Dealing with uncertainty includes modeling uncertainty explicitly into the analysis.
c. Dealing with uncertainty includes eliminating uncertainty by using the normal probability distribution
d. Uncertainty is a key aspect of most business problems, and dealing with uncertainty requires a basic understanding of probability
Q:
The decision-making concepts covered in Data Analysis & Decision Making book include which of the following?
a. Optimization techniques
b. Decision analysis with uncertainty
c. Structured sensitivity analysis
d. All of these options
Q:
Q2: Assuming that all four of the following functions are defined, which one will be called by the function call square( 23. )?
a. template< typename T >
T square( T num )
b. template< typename T1, typename T2 >
T1 square( T1 num1, T2 num2 )
c. int square( int num )
d. double square( double num )
Q:
Q1: A function template can be overloaded by:
a. Using other function templates with the same function name and parameters.
b. Using non-template functions with the same name and different parameters.
c. Using non-template functions with a different name but the same parameters.
d. Using other function templates with a different name but the same parameters.
Q:
Q2: Default type parameters are allowed only:
a. If the class template also has nontype parameters.
b. If the class template does not have any nontype parameters.
c. If the class is used as a container class.
d. As the rightmost (trailing) parameters in a template's type-parameter list.
Q:
Q1: Which of the following is true?a. Only class templates may specify default type arguments for type parameters.b. Only function templates may specify default type arguments for type parameters.c. Both class templates and function templates may specify default type arguments for type parameters.d. None of the above.
Q:
Q1: Nontype parameters are:
a. Unable to have default arguments.
b. Specified before the angle-bracket-enclosed type-parameter list.
c. Constants.
d. Required for class templates.
Q:
Q3: Function templates:
a. Can include objects of template classes as parameters.
b. Must have return type T.
c. Do not need a separate template< typename type >statement if they take objects from a template class as a parameter.
d. Do not need a separate template< typename type >statement.
Q:
Q2: For a class template, the scope resolution operator (::) is needed:
a. Only in the definitions of the member functions defined outside the class.
b. Both in the prototype and definition of a member function.
c. Only if multiple class-template specializations will be created from this class template.
d. In neither the definition nor prototype of member functions.
Q:
Q1: Class templates:
a. May include the statement template< typename Type >anywhere.
b. Must put template< typename Type >before the class definition.
c. Must include template< typename Type >inside the class definition.
d. Have the option of including the optional statement template< typename Type >.
Q:
Q1: The relationship between function templates and function-template specializations is most similar to the relationship between:
a. Classes and objects.
b. Classes and functions.
c. Functions and return types.
d. Headers and source files.
Q:
Q2: Which class indicates that an error occurred in which an arithmetic result was larger than the largest number that can be stored in the computer?
a. invalid_argument.
b. bad_exception.
c. out_of_range.
d. overflow_error.
Q:
Q1: Select the false statement regarding exceptions.
a. The C++ standard has a hierarchy of exception classes.
b. All exception classes are accessible via <exception>.
c. Several classes derive from class exception.
d. The what function can be overridden in each class derived from exception.
Q:
Q2: Which statement about class unique_ptr (of the new C++ standard) and dynamic memory allocation is false?
a. An object of class unique_ptr maintains a pointer to dynamically allocated memory.
b. When a unique_ptr object destructor is called (for example, when a unique_ptr object goes out of scope), it performs a destroy operation on its pointer data member.
c. Class template unique_ptr provides overloaded operators * and -> so that a unique_ptr object can be used just as a regular pointer variable is.
d. Class unique_ptr is part of the new C++ standard and it replaces the deprecated auto_ptr class.
Q:
Q1: If dynamic memory has been allocated for an object and an exception occurs, then:
a. The catch block will not work properly.
b. A memory leak could result.
c. The object's constructor will cause another exception.
d. Multiple pointers to memory could be created.
Q:
Q2: Select the false statement. The new operator:
a. Can attempt to allocate as much memory as the programmer requests.
b. Returns a pointer to a location in memory.
c. Can indicate failure differently on different compilers.
d. Throws a bad_alloc exception regardless of what function is registered with set_new_handler.
Q:
Q1: Select the false statement. Depending on the compiler:
a. A failed new operation can return a 0.
b. A failed new operation can throw a bad_alloc exception.
c. A failed new operation can throw an exception if the <new> header file has been included.
d. A failed new operation can automatically be caught at compile time.
Q:
Q1: An advantage of using inheritance with exceptions is:
a. The ability to catchrelated errors easily.
b. Allowing catch statements to be imported into classes.
c. The ability to explicitly test for derived class objects individually.
d. The simplification of destructor calls for objects.
Q:
Q1: Select the false statement. If an exception is thrown from a constructor:
a. The object being constructed will not be constructed.
b. For an array, destructors for all array elements are called, even if those array elements have not yet been constructed.
c. The exception can contain the error information that the constructor would not be able to return in the normal manner.
d. For an object with member objects, and whose outer object has not been constructed, the destructor is called for the member objects.
Q:
Q1: Exception handling should not be used:
a. As an alternative for program control.
b. To make error handling uniform on large projects.
c. To deal with errors that do not arise very often.
d. To deal with errors for components that will be widely used in other applications, such as classes and libraries.