Q&A Hero

Q: In Sturges v. Crowninshield (1819), the Supreme Court struck down a New York law pertaining to a. eminent domain. b. privatization of public schools. c. bankruptcy. d. social welfare programs.

Q: The Supreme Court's decision in ________________ (1819) is widely considered to have had great influence on economic development in nineteenth-century America. a. Dartmouth College v. Woodward b. Pollock v. Farmer's Loan and Trust Co. c. U.S. v. E.C. Knight Co. d. Chisholm v. Georgia

Q: In Fletcher v. Peck (1810), the Supreme Court invalidated as a violation of the ________ Clause a Georgia law rescinding the state's sale of land to private investors. a. Commerce b. Supremacy c. Contracts d. Full Faith and Credit

Q: In the face of a rising tide of economic legislation, the Supreme Court of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries became more adamant in its defense of a. economic equality. b. the police power. c. laissez-faire capitalism. d. the general welfare.

Q: Americans of the eighteenth century, including those who wrote the Constitution and Bill of Rights, generally accepted the theory of ________________ as expounded by such philosophers as John Locke. a. natural rights b. political absolutism c. utilitarianism d. primogeniture

Q: In_____________, a narrowly divided Court held, in an opinion by Justice Alito, that "the Second Amendment right is fully applicable to the States." a. United States v. Miller (1939) b. Lewis v. United States (1980) c. District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) d. McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

Q: In__________, the Supreme Court held that the ex post facto clauses applied to criminal but not to civil laws. a.Calder v. Bull (1798) b. Marbury v. Madison (1803) c. Fletcher v. Peck (1810) d. Barron v. Baltimore (1833)

Q: According to your textbook, Under which Chief Justice did the Supreme Court broaden the scope of federal habeas corpus review of state criminal convictions by permitting prisoners to raise issues in federal court that they did not raise in their state appeals? a. Earl Warren b. Warren Burger c. William Rehnquist d. John Roberts

Q: In__________, the Supreme Court held that only Congress can suspend the writ of habeas corpus. a.Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940) b. Torcaso v. Watkins (1961) c.McDaniel v. Paty (1978) d. Ex Parte Milligan (1866)

Q: In ___________, the Court invalidated a Tennessee statute barring priests and ministers from serving as delegates to state constitutional conventions. a.Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940) b. Torcaso v. Watkins (1961) c.McDaniel v. Paty (1978) d. Ex Parte Milligan (1866)

Q: In__________, the Court ruled that "religious test for public office unconstitutionally invades the appellant's freedom of belief and religion and therefore cannot be enforced against him." a.Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940) b. Torcaso v. Watkins (1961) c.McDaniel v. Paty (1978) d. Ex Parte Milligan (1866)

Q: In ____________, the Supreme Court reversed the treason conviction of a German immigrant accused of giving aid and comfort to two Nazi saboteurs who infiltrated the United States. a.Marbury v. Madison (1803) b. Ex Parte Bollman (1807) c. Barron v. Baltimore (1833) d. Cramer v. United States (1945)

Q: In____________, Chief Justice John Marshall observed "that the crime of treason should not be extended by construction to doubtful cases." a. Marbury v. Madison (1803) b. Ex Parte Bollman (1807) c. Barron v. Baltimore (1833) d. Cramer v. United States (1945)

Q: When the Chief Justice is voting in the minority, opinion assignment falls to the _________who is voting in the majority. a. senior justice b. junior justice c. median justice d. None of the above is true.

Q: According to your text, approximately how many "cert petitions" come to the Supreme Court each year? a. 100 b. 1,000 c. 5,000 d. 10,000

Q: A civil suit begins when one party, the ______, files suit against another party, the _____. a. defendant; plaintiff b. plaintiff; defendant c. state; plaintiff d. none of the above

Q: The Bill of Rights were collectively ratified and added to the Constitution in _____. a. 1776 b. 1789 c. 1791 d. 1803

Q: When a law or policy impinges on a right explicitly protected by the Constitution, such as the right to vote, it is subjected to ________ judicial scrutiny by the Supreme Court, also known as the compelling government interest test. a. minimal b. intermediate c. strict d. None of the above is true.

Q: The Fifteenth, Nineteenth, Twenty-Fourth, and Twenty-Sixth Amendments focus on the ____________, which is arguably the most essential right in a democracy. a. right to run for elected office b. right to trial by jury c. right to vote d. right to bear arms

Q: As of December 2013, the provisions of the Bill of Rights that had not been absorbed into the Fourteenth Amendment include the a. Third and Seventh Amendments. b. Fifth Amendment grand jury clause. c. Eighth Amendment prohibitions against "excessive fines" and "excessive bail." d. All of the above are true.

Q: The Supreme Court has adopted the doctrine of _____________ as a method of deciding whether certain provisions of the Bill of Rights are applicable to the States. a. total incorporation b. selective incorporation c. incorporation plus d. None of the above is true.

Q: The narrow view of the Equal Protection Clause adopted in Plessy v. Ferguson was repudiated by the Supreme Court in _______________, where the Court invalidated compulsory racial segregation in public schools, and in a series of subsequent decisions in which the Court struck down other types of Jim Crow laws. a. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) b. Everson v. Board of Education (1947) c. The Civil Rights Cases (1883) d. Shelley v. Kraemer (1948)

Q: In ____________, the Supreme Court ruled that the Privileges or Immunities Clause did not prohibit a state from denying a woman a license to practice law. a. Twining v. New Jersey (1908) b. Minor v. Happersett (1875) c. Bradwell v. Illinois (1873) d. none of the above

Q: The Privileges and Immunities Clause of ____________, provides: "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States." a. Article IV, Section 1 b. Article IV, Section 2 c. Article IV, Section 3 d. Article IV, Section 4

Q: In Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Company (1968), the Supreme Court invoked the ______________ Amendment in a decision upholding a provision of the Civil Rights Act of 1866. a. Thirteenth b. Fourteenth c. Fifteenth d. Sixteenth

Q: The ______ Amendmentwas included in the Bill of Rights as a solution to a problem raised by James Madisonnamely, that the specification of particular liberties might suggest that individuals possessed only those specified. a. Seventh b. Eighth c. Ninth d. Tenth

Q: In _____________, a case involving the prosecution of an organized crime figure, the Supreme Court said that the Eighth Amendment does not require that defendants be released on bail, only that, if the court grants bail, it must not be "excessive." a. Trop v. Dulles (1958) b. Stack v. Boyle (1951) c. United States v. Salerno (1987) d. none of the above

Q: In _____________, the Supreme Court said that the Seventh Amendment does not provide the right to a jury trial where Congress "has created a "˜private" right that is so closely integrated into a public regulatory scheme as to be a matter appropriate for agency resolution with limited involvement by the Article III judiciary." a. Colgrove v. Battin (1973) b. Curtis v. Loether (1974) c. Stack v. Boyle (1951) d. Thomas v. Union Carbide (1985)

Q: In _______________, the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Warren expanded the scope of Fourth Amendment protection to include wiretapping, an important tool of modern law enforcement. a. Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) b. Katz v. United States (1967) c. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) d. none of the above

Q: The Supreme Court decided in ______________, that the Second Amendment protects a personal right to keep and bear arms. a. Lewis v. United States (1980) b. District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) c. United States v. Miller (1939) d. United States v. Cruikshank (1875)

Q: The ________ Amendment protects freedom of speech and freedom of the press, often referred to jointly as freedom of expression. a. First b. Second c. Third d. Fourth

Q: In ________________, the Court invalidated a law that prohibited members of the Communist Party from serving as officers in trade unions, saying that Congress had inflicted punishment on "easily ascertainable members of a group." a. United States v. Brown (1965) b. American Communications Association v. Douds (1950) c. United States v. Lovett (1946) d. Nixon v. Administrator of General Services (1977)

Q: ___________ enables a court to review a custodial situation and order the release of an individual who is found to have been illegally incarcerated. a. The Writ of Mandamus b. Bills of Attainder c. The Writ of Habeas Corpus d. Ex Post Facto laws

Q: In ________________, the Supreme Court upheld the treason conviction of a German-American who sheltered one of the Nazi saboteurs. a. Haupt v. United States (1947) b. Cramer v. United States (1945) c. Ex Parte Bollman (1807) d. none of the above

Q: _____________ of the Constitution provides that "The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed." a. Article III, Section 1 b. Article III, Section 2 c. Article III, Section 3 d. None of the above is true.

Q: The two aspects of constitutional rights include _________ and ________. a. liberty; privacy b. equality; privacy c. liberty; equality d. None of the above is true.

Q: Reference to enumerated rights is found in the _______ Amendment. a. Ninth b. Tenth c. Seventh d. Second

Q: The Supreme Court refused to entertain a claim brought on behalf of Joshua DeShaney against a publicly funded social agency because, in the stated view of the majority, no _________ was demonstrated. a. knowledge by social workers of the violent tendencies of Joshua's father b. indication of previous injury to Joshua c. inattention by social workers d. required element of state action

Q: In Breedlove v. Suttles (1937), the Supreme Court ruled that __________, in and of themselves, did not violate the Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments. a. poll taxes b. literacy tests c. white primaries d. grandfather clauses

Q: In 1970, Congress passed a measure lowering the voting age from twenty-one to eighteen in both state and federal elections. The Supreme Court, however, declared this measure unconstitutional in a. Oregon v. Mitchell. b. Massachusetts v. Laird. c. Kissinger v. Halperin. d. Texas v. Johnson.

Q: Although formally granted the right to vote by the Fifteenth Amendment, many Black Americans were still effectively disenfranchised by practices such as a. literacy tests. b. white primaries. c. poll taxes. d. All of the above are true.

Q: Like the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments, the Fifteenth Amendment was an outgrowth of a. the Civil War. b. the Industrial Revolution. c. Shays' Rebellion. d. the Spanish-American War.

Q: In 1848, a delegation of women, including the famous suffragist ________, met at Seneca Falls, New York to address the "social, civil, and religious conditions and rights of woman." a. Elizabeth Cady Stanton b. Sarah Miles Standish c. Elizabeth Jane Parker d. Sarah Baker Worthington

Q: In Palko v. Connecticut (1937) the Supreme Court refused to incorporate the _________ Clause of the Fifth Amendment into the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. a. Due Process b. Public Use c. Double Jeopardy d. Just Compensation

Q: The process of selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights into the Fourteenth Amendment began in 1897 in a. Hurtado v. California. b. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad v. Chicago. c. The Slaughterhouse Cases. d. Twining v. New Jersey.

Q: The ratification of the __________ Amendment in ____ provided an opportunity for the Supreme Court to reconsider the relationship between the Bill of Rights and state and local governments. a. Eleventh; 1798 b. Twelfth; 1804 c. Fourteenth; 1868 d. Sixteenth; 1913

Q: In its most generic sense, __________ refers to the exercise of governmental power under the rule of law with due regard for the rights and interests of individuals. a. eminent domain b. sovereignty c. civil liberty d. due process

Q: The Seventh Amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in federal civil suits "at common law" where the amount at issue exceeds a. twenty dollars. b. one hundred dollars. c. one thousand dollars. d. one million dollars.

Q: The Fifth Amendment protects people against arbitrary use of __________, the power of government to take private property for public use. a. sovereign immunity b. the writ of attachment c. fee simple d. eminent domain

Q: The Fifth Amendment requires the federal government to obtain a (an) ______________ from a _______________ before trying someone for a felony. a. indictment; grand jury b. conviction; petit jury c. warrant; judge or magistrate d. subpoena; judge or magistrate

Q: The _____________ Amendment prohibits military authorities from quartering troops in citizens' homes without their consent. a. Second b. Third c. Fourth d. None of the above is true.

Q: The Second Amendment refers to the keeping and bearing of arms in the context of a. a well- regulated militia. b. personal safety and protection. c. a rebellion or invasion. d. None of the above is true.

Q: In The Federalist No. 84, _________________ argued that because the Constitution provided for limited government through enumerated powers, a Bill of Rights was unnecessary. a. John Jay b. John Adams c. Alexander Hamilton d. None of the above is true.

Q: Historically, the ________ Clause was an important source of litigation in the federal courts. In modern times, it is seldom interpreted to impose significant limits on the states in the field of economic regulation. a. Commerce b. Full Faith and Credit c. Contracts d. Ninth Amendment

Q: A (an) _________________ is a legislative act that imposes punishment upon a person without benefit of a trial in a court of law. a. corpus delecti b. bill of attainder c. writ of prohibition d. None of the above is true.

Q: The writ of __________________ enables a court of law to review a custodial situation and order the release of an individual who is found to have been illegally held in custody. a. certiorari b. assistance c. mandamus d. None of the above is true.

Q: To protect citizens against unwarranted prosecution for treason, the Constitution specifies that "No person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same Overt act, or on _______ in open Court." a. Indictment b. Conviction c. Confession d. None of the above is true.

Q: Article III, Section 3 of the Constitution provides that "Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them ________________." a. Information b. Munitions or Plans of War c. Aid and Comfort d. None of the above is true.

Q: The Framers of the Constitution were heavily influenced by the theory of __________, in which rights are seen as inherently belonging to individuals. a. divine right b. inherent powers c. primogeniture d. natural rights

Q: Paraphrasing ________________, the Declaration of Independence (1776) declares the "unalienable" rights of man to be "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." a. Thomas Hobbes b. Jean-Jacques Rousseau c. John Locke d. Adam Smith