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Q:
Getting rid of older workers by using retirement incentives is an example of
a. the glass ceiling.
b. age discrimination.
c. ageist stereotypes.
d. age harassment.
Q:
In the United States, people over the age of______are legally protected against age discrimination. a. 40b. 50c. 60d. 70
Q:
It is estimated that 30-40% of women in___________experience sexual harassment in the workplace.
a. nontraditional occupations
b. the European Union
c. Asia-Pacific countries
d. white-collar occupations
Q:
It is difficult to determine how many people have been sexually harassed because
a. there is no universal definition of sexual harassment.
b. men and women have different perceptions.
c. many victims do not report it.
d. all of the above.
Q:
About_________ of workplace cases of sexual harassment that result in formal legal charges involve male victims.
a. .02%
b. 7%
c. 9%
d. 16%
Q:
Women's overall median income is approximately________ that of men's and varies based on ethnicity. a. 46%b. 73%c. 81%d. 97%
Q:
Women often encounter a_________in which their leadership positions are precarious.
a. glass floor
b. glass wall
c. glass ceiling
d. glass cliff
Q:
The concept of________has been used to explain why African American and Asian American men do not advance as much in their careers as European men.
a. alienation
b. sex discrimination
c. the glass ceiling
d. the glass cliff
Q:
After decades of attention to the glass ceiling, what have been the results?
a. Little change has been made in the number of women who lead major corporations, serve on their boards, or are company directors.
b. Women now outnumber men as top executives, board members, and directors of major corporations.
c. Women now equal men in numbers of top executives, board members, and directors of major corporations.
d. The glass ceiling was found to be a myth. Women were always represented in numbers equal to men in top corporate positions.
Q:
A term for the level in a corporation that women may rise to but not go beyond is
a. glass ceiling.
b. gender barrier.
c. hidden discrimination.
d. overt sexism.
Q:
A main barrier to women making it to the top of their career is
a. role overload.
b. role conflict.
c. lack of interest.
d. sex discrimination.
Q:
Research on ethnicity, gender, and occupational development finds that women of different ethnic groups
a. differ significantly in their career expectations.
b. do not differ significantly in their participation in nontraditional careers.
c. European American women who choose nontraditional careers tend to plan for more formal education than they need to achieve their goals.
d. Native American women who choose nontraditional careers tend to plan for more formal education than they need to achieve their goals.
Q:
Which of the following statements is not true regarding gender and the workplace?
a. Women entrepreneurs are starting small businesses at a faster rate than men.
b. Women prefer organizations that value interdependence and collaboration.
c. Some women feel they must leave unsupportive organizations to achieve satisfaction and growth.
d. Women prefer work environments that value independence and self-sufficiency.
Q:
Mary is a construction worker with a larger firm. She really enjoys the hands-on work and the good pay. However, her friends and family do not view her career favorably. This is likely because
a. she holds a nontraditional job.
b. she is too feminine.
c. she is too masculine.
d. she has unrealistic expectations.
Q:
Women who choose nontraditional occupations and are successful in them are_________when compared with similarly successful men.
a. viewed more positively
b. perceived with suspicion
c. viewed more more negatively
d. viewed the same
Q:
According to the U.S. Department of Labor (2013), the job category that includes such occupations as ________has the lowest participation rates of women.a. administrative assistants and nursingb. science and technologyc. social work and day care workersd. electricians, plumber, and carpenters
Q:
About___________of women in the United States over the age of 16 participate in the work force. a. 25%.b. 58%.c. 64%.d. 73%.
Q:
Research in France and Canada indicates that high rates of Vallerand's obsessive passion leads to
a. higher rates of job satisfaction.
b. lower rates of alienation.
c. lower rates of conflict.
d. higher rates of burnout.
Q:
Vallerand (2008) distinguishes between two types of passion: harmonious and
a. maladaptive.
b. obsessive.
c. detrimental.
d. pathological.
Q:
Burnout does not affect all people in a given occupation. Vallerand (2008) proposes that this is related to the types of _____________ one experiences.
a. coworkers
b. passion
c. tangible rewards
d. personality traits
Q:
Jackie is a postal worker who processes mail. Jackie perceives a lot of pressure on the job, and the pace is more than she can bear on most days. Jackie is likely to be experiencing
a. alienation.
b. burnout.
c. stress.
d. unrealistic expectations.
Q:
When a person loses their occupational idealism and feels like they are being exploited, this is termed
a. alienation.
b. burnout.
c. stress.
d. unrealistic expectations.
Q:
How can employers avoid alienating workers and improve organizational commitment? Research indicates that _________ is key.a. increasing vacation timeb. providing donuts and bagels on Fridaysc. raising expectationsd. trust
Q:
Joe works on an assembly line where he puts together windshield wiper parts. He is unhappy in his job because he feels it is routine, repetitive, and undervalued. Joe is experiencing
a. alienation.
b. burnout.
c. stress.
d. unrealistic expectations.
Q:
Megan feels that her work is meaningless and not valued. She is having feelings of
a. burnout.
b. alienation.
c. job dissatisfaction.
d. job mismatch.
Q:
In the study involving North American and Korean teachers, what was the relationship between stress and job satisfaction?
a. It varied by individual across both groups.
b. Stress was a negative predictor for both groups.
c. Stress was a positive predictor for both groups.
d. Stress was a negative predictor of job satisfaction for North American teachers, but a positive predictor of job satisfaction for Korean teachers.
Q:
In the cross-cultural study comparing Korean and North American teachers, what was the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and job satisfaction?
a. The less efficacy, the lower the job satisfaction.
b. The higher the efficacy, the lower the job satisfaction.
c. The lower the efficacy, the higher the job satisfaction.
d. There was no relationship between these two variables.
Q:
What is the relationship between job satisfaction and increasing age?
a. There is an overall decline.
b. There is an overall increase.
c. There is no change.
d. There is a U-shaped pattern.
Q:
Which of the following is true regarding mentors?
a. Having a mentor results in the mentee having higher overall lifetime earnings.
b. Any mentor is a good match with any prospective protege.
c. Having a poor mentor is worse than having no mentor.
d. The quality of the mentor is not as important as the intelligence and dedication of the mentee.
Q:
When paired with mentors, women
a. showed slower career advancement.
b. received more positive performance evaluations.
c. benefited by having higher expectations.
d. changed careers more often.
Q:
How do mentors benefit from the mentor-mentee relationship?
a. Mentoring may enable a person to rise to a higher level in his or her own career.
b. Mentors are guaranteed promotions.
c. Mentors can hand off their job duties to others.
d. Mentors are rewarded with work perks like more vacation time.
Q:
Playing the role of mentor fulfills which aspect of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
a. generativity
b. ego integrity
c. identity
d. intimacy
Q:
Which of the following is not a role of mentors?
a. helping the protege to avoid trouble
b. ensuring that the protege gets noticed
c. introducing the protege to potential mates
d. providing advice on finding another job
Q:
Occupational fields such as teaching and nursing have gone to great lengths to try to alleviate reality shock by offering
a. financial incentives to those choosing teaching and nursing majors.
b. student loan pay-back assistance.
c. higher starting salaries to attract more people to these fields.
d. internships and practicums.
Q:
Melissa spent 20 years in school to earn an advanced degree. She just started her first job and realized that what she was taught in school is not really the way that the career works. Melissa is experiencing
a. occupational expectations.
b. occupational reality.
c. reality shock.
d. career expectations.
Q:
What is the Elder Justice Act?
Q:
What happens when children leave home?
Q:
What are the repercussions associated with widowhood?
Q:
Describe the factors that increase a couple's likelihood of getting a divorce.
Q:
What are the characteristics of marriage in later life?
Q:
How is culture an important factor in understanding intimate relationship violence?
Q:
Identify and describe the components of Sternberg's theory of love.
Q:
Discuss differences in friendships between women and those between men.
Q:
Briefly discuss factors that lead to a decrease in the number of friends found between young adulthood and old age.
Q:
Describe the three broad themes in friendship.
Q:
About__________million U.S. grandparents have grandchildren living with them.
Q:
Native American grandmothers are more involved than Native American grandfathers and are more likely to pass on traditional_______.
Q:
Middle-aged adults who have both their parents and children to take care of are part of the
_______.
Q:
Many people care for their aging parents because of____________, when an adult child feels a responsibility to their parents.
Q:
Your___________consists of your parents, children, grandparents, and other relatives who all live together.
Q:
For most couples, marital satisfaction improves after children leave home, a state called the_______.
Q:
Divorce rates for women service members who are deployed are______ than that of their male counterparts.
Q:
Many newly married couples experience their first serious marital stresses around______issues.
Q:
Satisfying and happy marriages result when both partners perceive there is a fair exchange, or__________, in the relationship.
Q:
The median age at first marriage in the United States has been_______for several decades.
Q:
Both lesbian and________are more likely to connect sex and emotional intimacy in fewer, longer-lasting relationships.
Q:
The desertion of an older adult by a person who had physical custody or had otherwise assumed responsibility for providing care for the older adult is called .
Q:
When one person becomes aggressive towards a partner, it becomes a(n)_______relationship.
Q:
Sternberg proposed that love had_______basic components.
Q:
The_________dimension of friendship represents how our friends keep us entertained and are a source of amusement, fun, and recreation.
Q:
Perhaps the biggest change in grandparenting worldwide is the number of grandparents whoa. serve as custodial parents or primary caregivers for their grandchildren.b. are financially dependent on their grown grandchildren.c. live in different countries than their grandchildren.d. live in their grandchildren's homes.
Q:
How grandparents and grandchildren interact varies bya. ethnic group.b. country in which they reside.c. education level of grandparent.d. temperament of grandchild.
Q:
Most adult children feel a responsibility, a(n)______to care for their parents if necessary.a. social needb. economic obligationc. filial obligationd. religious obligation
Q:
About half of all young adults in the United States return to their parents' home at least once after moving out. These young adults are calleda. transient kidsb. college reboundersc. boomerang kidsd. sandwich generation kids
Q:
Erin is a middle-aged wife and mother of adolescent children. Her mother had a stroke and just moved into her home. Erin is feeling tension from her mother and her children, which is a common characteristic ofa. partner caregivers.b. the sandwich generation.c. the babyboomer generation.d. women who are depressed.
Q:
The term "sandwich generation" applies toa. people who feel torn between the wishes and desires of their parents and those of their in-laws.b. middle-aged people caring for both aging parents and their own children.c. older adults who do not have enough income to afford food beyond the basics.d. children who have parents, stepparents, grandparents, and stepgrandparents.
Q:
Middle-aged mothers are often put into the role of_________, the person who gathers the family for celebrations and keeps them in touch with one another.a. kinkeeperb. primary bread-winnerc. familykeeperd. matriarch
Q:
________tend to have the most tenuous relationships with children because the bond can be broken at any time for any number of reasons having nothing to do with the quality of care being provided.
a. Adoptive parents
b. Gay and lesbian parents
c. Grandparents
d. Foster parents
Q:
Which of the following is not a characteristic of single parents?
a. being financially better off than their married counterparts
b. finding that loneliness can be difficult to deal with
c. having concerns about dating
d. experiencing complex feelings including failure, guilt, and a need to be overindulgent
Q:
Raising multiethnic children raises unique challenges not experienced by parents of same-race children. For example, some parents of multiethnic children
a. worry that the child will not have a chance to learn about both cultures.
b. are concerned that their children will choose to identify with one culture more so than the other.
c. worry that their children will be rejected by members of both communities.
d. are concerned their children will be confused over their multiethnicity.
Q:
______________ refers to the idea that the well-being of the family takes precedence over the concerns of individual family members.
a. Nuclearness
b. Communalism
c. Inclusiveness
d. Familism
Q:
African American husbands are more likely than their European counterparts to_______, regardless of their wives employment status.
a. be stay-at-home Dads
b. have more than one job
c. help with housework
d. go back to school or change careers
Q:
________mothers are more at ease being parents, spend more time with their babies, and are more sensitive, affectionate and supportive to them.
a. Older
b. Younger
c. Single
d. Divorced
Q:
What is the most common family from around the world?
a. nuclear
b. female-headed household
c. extended
d. divorced
Q:
A newer variation on re-partnering is____________, an arrangement in which two older adults form a romantic relationship but maintain separate living arrangements.
a. singlehood
b. living alone together
c. single cohabiting
d. elderdating
Q:
The average married woman can expect to spend______years as a widow.
a. 2
b. 5
c. 10
d. None, as women have shorter life expectancies than men and typically die before their husbands.
Q:
Most of the people who experience the death of their spouse are
a. women.
b. men.
c. young.
d. middle-aged.
Q:
Does the research evidence support the idea of the "rebound effect"? That is, that one should wait before remarrying.
a. No, there is no evidence that those who remarry sooner have less success in marriage than those who wait.
b. Yes, those who remarry sooner have high redivorce rates.
c. No, in fact, those who remarry sooner have lower divorce rates than those who wait.
d. The rebound effect is true for men but not for women.
Q:
On average, both men and women wait approximately_________years before remarrying. a. 2.5b. 3.5c. 5d. 7
Q:
Many middle-aged women who divorce face significant
a. stigma from others.
b. pressure to remarry.
c. isolation.
d. financial challenges.