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Q:
Each year, more than persons leave prison and return to the community. a. 200,000
b. 300,000
c. 650,000
d. 1,000,000
Q:
Through the use of examples, discuss the factors affecting the prosecutor's discretionary decision-making process.
Q:
Through the use of examples, discuss the major tasks of a prosecutor.
Q:
An act of executive clemency that overturns a conviction and erases mention of the crime from the person's criminal record is referred to as:
a. a mandatory release.
b. a pardon.
c. parole.
d. probation.
Q:
This is a release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the length of his or her sentence, with time taken off for good behavior.
a. expiration release
b. pardon
c. parole
d. probation
Q:
Explain the selection and functions of a trial judge.
Q:
This is the conditional release of an inmate before his or her sentence has expired.
a. mandatory release
b. pardon
c. parole
d. probation
Q:
Discuss the legal basis for our right to counsel.
Q:
Describe the US Supreme Court and explain how a case becomes heard in this court.
Q:
Discuss the rationale behind specialty courts and how such courts fit into the larger structure of the state court system.
Q:
Drug and alcohol use within a women's prison can be a function of the anger and depression many inmates experience due to:
a. being separated from their children.
b. being separated from their husbands.
c. a lack of heterogeneous relationships.
d. a lack of personal freedoms.
Q:
The single factor that most distinguishes female prisoners from their male counterparts is:
a. age.
b. a history of physical or sexual abuse.
c. a lengthy criminal history.
d. race or ethnicity.
Q:
In 1994 in Rhode Island, the nation's first ______court was created.
Q:
The ____________________ movement began in Florida to address the problem of prison overcrowding.
Q:
When inmates try to prove that their Eighth Amendment rights were violated by a correctional facility, they must meet the standard of:a. deliberate indifference.b. hands-on approach.c. identifiable human needs.d. relative deprivation.
Q:
Which amendment states that inmates do not have the same guaranteed rights as other Americans?a. Fourthb. Fifthc. Eighthd. Thirteenth
Q:
The unwritten judicial policy that favors noninterference by the courts in the administration of prisons and jails is the:a. hands-off doctrine.b. laissez-faire doctrine.c. judicial reprieve.d. penal authority doctrine.
Q:
Judges closely monitor offenders in _______ courts.
Q:
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that minor injuries suffered by a convict at the hands of a correctional officer following an argument did violate the inmate's rights, because there was no security concern at the time of the incident?
a. Cooperv.Pate
b. Hudsonv.McMillan
c. Whitleyv.Albers
d. Wolffv.McDonnell
Q:
In ___________ the US Supreme Court defined the concept of attorney competence in 1984.
Q:
If a lawyer is appointed by the court to represent a defendant in a criminal case because the person is too poor to hire counsel, this is referred to as _________.
Q:
In __________the US Supreme Court ruled that state courts must provide counsel to indigent defendants in felony prosecutions.
Q:
Who are the officers who are responsible for staying alert for breaches in prison discipline or regulations in the relatively unstructured environment of the prison yard?
a. Block officers
b. Industrial shop and school officers
c. Tower guards
d. Yard officers
Q:
These officers perform maintenance and security functions in workshop and educational programs.
a. Block officers
b. Industrial shop and school officers
c. Work detail supervisors
d. Yard officers
Q:
oversee small groups of inmates as they perform tasks in the cafeteria, the prison store, the laundry, and other areas.
a. Block officers
b. Tower guards
c. Work detail supervisors
d. Yard officers
Q:
North Carolina v. Pearce and Blackledge vv. Perry are cases that address the issue of __________.
Q:
Characteristics of the justice system and the quality of police work are examples of _____ issues considered by the prosecutor.
Q:
Who is responsible for the "wellbeing" of the inmates by making sure that inmates do not harm themselves or other prisoners?
a. block officers
b. tower guards
c. work detail supervisors
d. yard officers
Q:
Which rank of custodial staff is responsible for overseeing platoons of officers in specific parts of the prison, such as various cell blocks or work spaces?
a. captain
b. lieutenant
c. officer
d. sergeant
Q:
Availability of treatment and size of caseloads are examples of ______ issues considered by the prosecutor.
Q:
The _______ is an example of court security.
Q:
In a ______ court, the main concern is reducing recidivism.
Q:
A is the disciplinarian of the prison, responsible for policing and transporting the inmates.
a. captain
b. lieutenant
c. officer
d. sergeant
Q:
Indicate some of the consequences of our high rates of incarceration.
Q:
The ____________________ is a way of picking judges through nonpartisan elections as a way to ensure that judges adhere to the high standards of judicial performance.
Q:
In the federal system prosecutors are known as ___________________ and are appointed by the president.
Q:
No-drop prosecution policies are also called__________________ prosecution.
Q:
Discuss new-generation jails.
Q:
__________________ counsel is a listing of private bar members who accept cases on a judge-by-judge, court-by-court, and case-by-case basis.
Q:
List five types of community corrections for jail inmates.
Q:
Summarize the distinction between jails and prisons, and indicate the importance of jails in the American correctional system.
Q:
Under the _____________________, the burden is on the state to prove the charges beyond a reasonable doubt.
Q:
In the ____________________ system of indigent defense, a block grant is given to a lawyer or law firm to handle indigent defense cases.
Q:
Why do most experts believe that the private prison industry will continue to grow?
Q:
What are the benefits of privatizing prisons? What are the potential drawbacks?
Q:
____________________ describes the decision a prosecutor makes in whether or not to prosecute a case.
Q:
What is decarceration and the strategies relied upon to accomplish it?
Q:
If the prosecutor decides to pursue a case, the charges may later be dropped if conditions are not favorable for a conviction in a process called ____________________.
Q:
The Supreme Court issues a ____________________ indicating that it has decided to hear a case.
Q:
Besides the enhancement and stricter enforcement of the nation's drug laws, what other reasons are recognized for growth in the incarcerated population? Identify and briefly discuss each.
Q:
The offender's race, gender, and ethnic background are _____________ issues.
Q:
According to DeJulio, how should prisons be governed?
Q:
Identify and discuss the four types of prisons.
Q:
The __________ courts are the trial courts of the federal system.
Q:
The ____________________ is used to select judges in more than 30 states.
Q:
Describe the formal prison management system, including organization and management.
Q:
________________prosecution policies require prosecutors to bring charges against domestic abusers regardless of whether the victim participates.
Q:
Discuss the reformers/Progressives and their impact on corrections.
Q:
The federal court system is organized around a ____________________ hierarchy of court jurisdiction.
Q:
Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania and the New York penitentiary theories.
Q:
Because of the budget deficit, the US government is looking for ways to cut costs. They have announced a plan to dissemble all state supreme courts or courts of last resort and have all cases appealed from state appellate courts go directly to the US Supreme Court.What will the decision to dissemble all state supreme courts mean for the juries that hear the cases on that level?a. The state supreme court will have to lay off the jury members.b. Juries are not used for US Supreme Court proceedings.c. Only the best jurors will be selected for the US Supreme Court proceedings.d. A defendant's Sixth Amendment rights may be violated.
Q:
A process of prison and jail administration in which correctional officers are in continuous physical contact with inmates during the day is __________________________________.
Q:
Because of the budget deficit, the US government is looking for ways to cut costs. They have announced a plan to dissemble all state supreme courts or courts of last resort and have all cases appealed from state appellate courts go directly to the US Supreme Court.What does this decision mean for those people that are on either side of the gun control debate?a. Only one side will be able to have their day in court.b. The court will be relieved of a backlog of criminal cases.c. The majority opinion will become the landmark decision.d. The state supreme court judges will be employed through the federal system.
Q:
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.At trial, the prosecutor in Mr. Jones's case receives an e-mail that provides an index of previous cases of prosecuting meth dealers where the evidence was obtained in non-traditional ways. What can the prosecutor do with this information?a. Present these cases as evidenceb. Use it in future cases but not this onec. Videoconference with other prosecutors who have tried these casesd. Communicate with the police department to prosecute these other cases
Q:
A jail encourages interaction between inmates and jailers and offers greater opportunities for treatment.
Q:
Time spent in jail prior to trial is often credited towards an offender's sentence as .
Q:
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.Mr. Jones is angry at his private attorney. He keeps him on retainer for the very reason of potential criminal action against him and his meth business. Mr. Jones has now been placed with a public defender. One major difference between a public and private attorney is:a. conviction ratesb. sentence lengthsc. quality of representationd. cost
Q:
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.At the trial, Mr. Jones's private attorney fails to show up. Because the judge has a busy schedule, he moves forward without the attorney present. What is wrong with what the judge has done?a. He put his own schedule ahead of the schedule of the criminal defense attorney.b. He violated Mr. Jones's Sixth Amendment rights.c. He has shown bias toward the prosecution.d. He has shown bias toward the defense.
Q:
Individuals who cannot post bail after arrest and are therefore forced to spend the time prior to their trial incarcerated in jail are known as .
Q:
are authorized to hold pretrial detainees and offenders who have committed misdemeanors.
Q:
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.In deciding whether to prosecute Mr. Jones for his meth lab, the prosecutor is concerned about how the evidence was obtained. When discussing prosecutorial discretion, where would his or her concern fall within?a. Legal issuesb. Victim issuesc. Resource issuesd. Extralegal issues
Q:
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.Mr. Jones has requested that a jury be present to hear this case. Where will his case be heard?a. D.C. courts of general jurisdictionb. US district courtc. Drug courtd. Federal circuit court
Q:
Those who believe that private prisons are a philosophical concern believe that only the has the authority to punish wrongdoers and operate prisons.
Q:
are the wages of public employees that account for nearly two-thirds of a
governmentrun prison's operating expenses.
Q:
A.J. is a minority who is walking his dog in a city that has an ordinance to make sure people clean up after their dogs. Of course A.J. has never seen this ordinance enforced, so he just continues walking after his dog defecates. He doesn"t know that a rookie patrolman has been watching and observed him fail to clean up his dog's waste. A.J. walks around the corner to find a whole wall of freshly painted graffiti and spray paint cans on the ground. He picks one up to put it in the trash just as the patrolman is walking around the corner to give A.J. an ordinance violation ticket.A.J. is suing the rookie patrolman for defamation of character and racial profiling. He thinks that the patrolman assumed that he was the perpetrator of the graffiti because he is a minority. What can a state court judge do for A.J. in his defamation case?a. Throw the case out of courtb. Reduce the sentencec. Nothing, this is a civil matterd. Get the officer to apologize
Q:
A common strategy of decarceration is the rate of release of nonviolent offenders from prison.
Q:
A.J. is a minority who is walking his dog in a city that has an ordinance to make sure people clean up after their dogs. Of course A.J. has never seen this ordinance enforced, so he just continues walking after his dog defecates. He doesn"t know that a rookie patrolman has been watching and observed him fail to clean up his dog's waste. A.J. walks around the corner to find a whole wall of freshly painted graffiti and spray paint cans on the ground. He picks one up to put it in the trash just as the patrolman is walking around the corner to give A.J. an ordinance violation ticket.A.J. was sentenced to the fine of $500 for the dog waste and community service hours until he removes all of the graffiti. He is going to appeal his sentence and will appeal his case to which court?a. Appellate court of limited jurisdictionb. Civil court of general jurisdictionc. Appellate court of general jurisdictiond. State court of general jurisdiction
Q:
A.J. is a minority who is walking his dog in a city that has an ordinance to make sure people clean up after their dogs. Of course A.J. has never seen this ordinance enforced, so he just continues walking after his dog defecates. He doesn"t know that a rookie patrolman has been watching and observed him fail to clean up his dog's waste. A.J. walks around the corner to find a whole wall of freshly painted graffiti and spray paint cans on the ground. He picks one up to put it in the trash just as the patrolman is walking around the corner to give A.J. an ordinance violation ticket.A.J. has just been arrested for destruction of property, and a municipal ordinance violation. He pleads with the patrolman and tries to tell him that he was just attempting to clean up the neighborhood. If his case was tried, where would it be found?a. Civil court of general jurisdictionb. State court of general jurisdictionc. State court of limited jurisdictiond. Civil court of limited jurisdiction
Q:
For most states looking to cut corrections costs, the focus has been on , which is the reduction of inmate populations.
Q:
What is the name of the judiciary intranet?
a. FED Net
b. Court Net
c. Court TV
d. J-Net