Q&A Hero

Q: Legal limits of confidentiality in a group setting do NOT include which of the following?a. If a member poses a danger to themselves or othersb. When a counselor is working under supervision and discusses a client with the supervisor c. If a counselor suspects child or elder abused. When mandated by a court to release information

Q: Girls growing up in______are socialized to fear legal sanctions more than males; consequently, boys in these families exhibit more delinquent behavior than their sisters. a. paternalistic familiesb. matriarchal families c. egalitarian families d. capitalist families

Q: John Hagan's critical feminist model uses gender differences to explain the onset of criminality. According toHagan's power-control theory, what two factors account for female crime and delinquency?a. race/ethnicity and social statusb. class position and economic ability c. education level and family statusd. class position and family functions

Q: According to Messerschmidt's views in Capitalism,Patriarchy,andCrimewhat factor explains why females in society commit fewer crimes than males?a. double marginality b. marginalizationc. surplus valued. preemptive deterrence

Q: Implications of group members and their therapists communicating with each other online, and when group members communicate with other members via the Internet, include all of the following EXCEPT:a. increased risk of breach of confidentiality. b. increased risk of breach of privacy.c. lack of technological skills and knowledge to protect information that is intended to remain private creates a risk of making this information public for all to see.d. addressing parameters of online behavior through informed consent and establishing ground rules regarding members' commitment to avoid posting pictures, comments, or any type of confidential information about other members online.

Q: _______________uses data generated from clients during treatment to inform the process and outcome of treatment.a. Practice-based evidence . Evidence-based practice c. Follow-upd. Termination

Q: ______reflects a critical perspective that explains both the exploitation of women and women's criminality in terms of gender inequality and patriarchy.a. Left realismb. Critical feminismc. Supranational criminology d. Restorative justice

Q: While mainstream criminologists criticize critical criminologists, what do critical criminologists accuse mainstream criminologists of doing?a. failing to recognize structural differences in societyb. selling out their ideals for the chance to receive government funding c. focusing on expressive crimes rather than instrumental crimesd. ignoring the impact of environmental factors

Q: When_________________ in a student arises, the group counselor-educator has multiple responsibilities to limit therisk of harm: to the individual student, to the other students in the experiential group, and to the training program. a. appropriate behaviorb. proper boundariesc. problematic behaviord. healthy self-exploration

Q: If you possess________________, you are likely to misinterpret patterns of behavior displayed by group members who are culturally different from you. a. social justiceb. confidentialityc. informed consentd. cultural tunnel vision

Q: Which type of criminology considers punitive crime control strategies to be counterproductive?a. power-control b. peacemaking c. left-realismd. classical

Q: What type of research methodology is a critical criminologist most likely to employ?a. examination of historical trends b. victimization surveysc. statistical analysis d. field observation

Q: What is the key difference between instrumental theorists and structural theorists?a. Structural theorists view the criminal justice system as a capitalist instrument for controlling the lower class. b. Structural theorists believe the law is unidirectional, always working for the rich against the poor.c. Structural theorists oppose antitrust legislation.d. Structural theorists focus on anyone who threatens the capitalist system.

Q: Instrumental theorists view criminal law and the criminal justice system solely as instruments for controlling the___________. a. anarchistsb. poor c. richd. terrorists

Q: According to this type of critical theory, the poor may or may not commit more crimes than the rich, but the poor are certainly arrested and punished more often.a. left realismb. critical feminismc. instrumentald. structural

Q: Which agency used extraordinary rendition where suspected terrorists were sent to secret prisons abroad without a trial or indictment?a. ATF b. CIA c. FBI d. ICE

Q: The ethics codes of several professional organizations address a group practitioner's role in ensuring confidentiality in a group setting. Which of the following is NOTone of these codes?a. When working with a group, confidentiality and privacy are impossible to adhere to; therefore, these are both voluntary aspects of a group experience.b. Group workers define confidentiality and its limits (for example, legal and ethical exceptions and expectations; waivers implicit with treatment plans, documentation, and insurance usage). Group workers have the responsibility to inform all group participants of the need for confidentiality and potential consequences of breaching confidentiality; and that legal privilege does not apply to group discussions (unless provided by state statute).c. Marriage and family therapists, when working with a group, educate the group regarding the importance of maintaining confidentiality, and are encouraged to obtain written agreement from group participants to respect the confidentiality of other members of the group.d. Social workers have a responsibility to inform participants that confidentiality agreements cannot be guaranteed because all participants may not honor such agreements.

Q: Neglecting the process of _______________can easily leave the members with unfinished work and will limit opportunities for them to conceptualize what they learned from a group experience. a. informed consentb. terminationc. practice-based evidence d. evidence-based practice

Q: When a government or political authority makes use of death squads to kill political opponents, dissenters, or other undesirables, what type of crime has been committed?a. political corruption b. torturec. state violenced. illegal domestic surveillance

Q: _____describes the anti-social behaviors that arise from efforts to maintain governmental power or to uphold the race, class, and gender advantages of those who support the government.a. Power-control crimeb. State (organized) crime c. Instrumental theoryd. Structural theory

Q: Which of the following is NOTincluded in the guidelines for competence in diversity issues? a. Group counselors strive to increase their awareness of their own multicultural identity and how their race, ethnicity, socioeconomic class, migration status, ability, age, gender identity and expression, sexual orientation, and religion and spirituality are influenced by their life experiences and histories. b. Group counselors are committed to acquiring specific knowledge and information about the life experiences, cultural heritage, and sociopolitical background of group members who have experienced violence, trauma, and any form of oppression. c. Group counselors do not consider the impact of adverse social, environmental, and political factors in assessing problems and designing interventions. d. Group counselors increase their awareness of how myths, stereotypes, and assumptions they learned by living in society influence their work in facilitating groups.

Q: Supranational criminology is a specialization of critical theory that focuses on which type of crimes?a. white-collar crimes b. environmental crimesc. war crimes d. predatory street crimes

Q: Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Since confidentiality cannot be guaranteed in a group, it is not an ethical issue for group practitioners. b. Confidentiality is a concern for therapists holding group psychotherapy, but not for those running other types of groups. c. Groups are invariably determined to be less effective than individual psychotherapy in helping clients. d. The ethical, legal, and professional aspects of confidentiality have a different application in group situations.

Q: Critical theorists question the altruism of multi-national corporations and, therefore, take a very skeptical view of a. mechanization.b. globalization. c. immigration.d. technological communications.

Q: The importance of multicultural competence for group psychotherapists has emerged as a:a. option, but not a necessity. b. ethical imperative.c. lower priority than it used to be.d. reason to extend training programs by an extra year.

Q: Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of group supervision?a. Supervising several group leaders at one time can be ineffective.b. Group supervision increases the skill development of trainees.c. Group supervision offers unique advantages for observing group process in action.d. Group supervision provides trainees with many experiential opportunities to learn about the process and development of a group.

Q: Globalization is of particular concern for critical theorists. What concept inherent in globalization do critical theorists find problematic?a. sexismb. industrialization c. mechanization d. surplus value

Q: How do the authors describe their approach to orienting group members to the group experience before it begins?a. They provide minimal structure and little discussion of group guidelines and expectations. b. They avoid a discussion of fears so as to not scare timid members.c. They explore the members' expectations, clarify goals and objectives, discuss procedural details, explore the possible risks and values of group participation, and discuss guidelines for getting the most from a group experience.d. They avoid discussing the limitations of group work so as to not diminish the power of the group experience.

Q: Profits produced by the laboring classes are accrued by business owners who use these profits for reinvestment or to enrich themselves. This key crime-producing effort of modern corporate capitalism is termeda. excess abundance. b. surplus value.c. profit distribution. d. differential wealth.

Q: According to critical theorists, crime is a a. legal concept designed to protect the poor from oppression. b. an idealistic concept resulting from a legal system designed to mete out the severest punishments to those who inflict the most social harm. c. political concept designed to protect the power and position of the upper classes. d. philosophical concept whereby laws are designed to maintain a tranquil, fair society.

Q: The authors believe that some type of screening, which involves interviewing and evaluating potential members, should be employed to select suitable members for a group. What question needs to be pondered when screening prospective group members? a. If I do not allow this person to become a member of this group, what consequences may I face as a leader? b. Is it appropriate for this person to become a participant in this type of group, with this leader, at this time? c. Do I like this person? d. What are the odds that this person will make the dynamics interesting in this particular group?

Q: Which of the statements below is TRUE about the informed consent process in groups?a. There is no such thing as providing too much information to group members at one time.b. Experienced group members have the responsibility of ensuring that new members become aware of their rights and responsibilities as group participants.c. Clients should be informed at the outset that informed consent is an ongoing process and that various aspects of the consent process may need to be revisited at different stages of a group.d. A very lengthy informed consent process that emphasizes the legalistic aspects of group work is ideal.

Q: The publication of Taylor, Walton, and Young's____in 1973 gave a powerful boost to the conflict view and created a tradition for critical criminologists to question the role criminology plays in supporting the status quo and aiding the oppression of the poor and powerless.a. The New Criminologyb. Left Realism in the Seventiesc. Feminism and the Lawd. The Social Reality of Crime

Q: Group leaders need to attend to all of the following EXCEPT: a. their own individual development. b. their development as a co-leading team. c. the development of the group they are facilitating. d. There is no specific issue to which group leaders should attend.

Q: The social ferment of the gave birth to critical criminology. a. 1930sb. 1940s c. 1950s d. 1960s

Q: Which of the following is NOT a basic concern of critical criminologists? a. the increased effect of mass media pertaining to demystifying the law b. the role the government plays in creating a crimogenic environmentc. the relationship between personal or group power and the shaping of criminal law d. the prevalence of bias in justice system operations

Q: Dan and Rachel have been assigned to work together as co-leaders of an anxiety disorders group. In order to be effective models for their group members, they should:a. seek supervision only if issues arise between them.b. explore their personal beliefs and perspectives about co-facilitation.c. inspire each other by competing with each other to develop the most creative techniques. d. depend heavily on each other.

Q: According to conflict theorists, societal conflict promotes crime bya. creating a social atmosphere in which the law is a mechanism for controlling have-not members of society. b. encouraging greater use of government resources by the poor.c. decreasing the value of corporate profits.d. decreasing the role of religion in shaping individual reality.

Q: Potential drawbacks to the co-leadership model include all of the following EXCEPT:a. leaders who complement and balance each other. b. competition between leaders.c. overdependence on the co-leader. d. ineffective communication.

Q: Groups remain a powerful intervention tool:a. primarily for school-aged children and adolescents.b. primarily for adults dealing with a host of issues and stressors. c. primarily for older adults dealing with geriatric concerns.d. across the life span, positively impacting childhood, adult, and geriatric disorders.

Q: Research shows that African American children receive more disciplinary infractions than children from other racial categories. a. True b. False

Q: To be reintegrative, shaming must be a long term process. a. Trueb. False

Q: Group workers must remain current and increase their knowledge and skills through specific activities. These include all of the following EXCEPT:a. continuing education.b. watching the news every day for global information.c. participation in various personal and professional development activities. d. supervision.

Q: Critical feminists believe that capitalism creates egalitarian families. a. Trueb. False

Q: Research in group counseling and psychotherapy notes that evidence-based practice reflects a commitment to what works, not on what theory applies. Groups should incorporate three pillars, which include all of the following EXCEPT: a. clinical expertise. b. client characteristics. c. best available evidence. d. frequent use of behavioral techniques.

Q: Power-control theorists encourage a new approach to the study of criminality that includes gender differences. a. Trueb. False

Q: People with traumatic brain injuries, paranoid individuals, hypochondriacs, those who are actively addicted to drugs or alcohol, acutely psychotic individuals, and antisocial personalities are considered poor candidates for a:a. heterogeneous outpatient intensive therapy group. b. inpatient therapy group.c. group dealing with specific issues such as addiction, brain injuries, personality disorders, and psychosis. d. specific group created for their specific issue.

Q: ____________ are basic for group workers who hope to practice ethically and responsibly. a. Techniques and theoryb. Status and privilegec. Social justice and advocacy competencies d. Influence and outcome

Q: In egalitarian families fathers assume the traditional role of breadwinner while mothers remain at home to supervise domestic matters. a. True b. False

Q: Peacemaking criminologists seek nonviolent, humane alternatives to coercive punishment. a. Trueb. False

Q: The _______________ phase of group work may be the one that leaders handle most ineptly. a. initialb. transition c. workingd. final (termination)

Q: The family group conference method is usually used for habitual violent offenders. a. Trueb. False

Q: The fact that groups can be powerful catalysts for ____________ means that they can also be risky. a. skill competenciesb. personal changec. professional codesd. didactic course work

Q: When participation in a group is part of a counseling master's program, safeguards must be in place to manage boundaries and reduce the risk of harm to students. These safeguards include all of the following EXCEPT:a. systematic instructor self-reflection. b. exhibit problematic behaviors.c. informed consent of students. d. self-disclosure training.

Q: Left realists support a strict "law and order" philosophy, which has at its centerpiece a policy of punishing juvenilesseverely in adult court. a. Trueb. False

Q: Left realists are conflict scholars who view the police and the courts as inherent evil tools of capitalism whose tough tactics alienate the lower classes. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is TRUE in regards to group ethics?a. As a rule, group leaders should conduct only those types of groups for which they have been trained.b. The legal concept of privileged communication applies in group settings the same as it applies to individual sessions.c. Group leaders are not obliged to inform psychiatric hospital patients that they are documenting group sessions.d. Parents and guardians have the legal right to all communications that have occurred in groups for minors.

Q: According to critical feminist theory, women are considered a commodity worth possessing, like land or money. a. Trueb. False

Q: Gail feels like she has not accomplished what she wanted in her therapy group and has decided to leave. Gail's therapist needs to:a. encourage her to explain why she wants to leave to other group members.b. encourage her to leave before her negative attitude affects other members of the group. c. put undue pressure on her to stay in group.d. encourage other members to pressure her to stay.

Q: Which of the following is NOTconsidered to be one of the characteristics of diversity sensitive group work?a. Group counselors establish norms that accept, value, and respect cultural differences.b. Group counselors respect the roles of family and community hierarchies within a client's culture. c. Group counselors treat all members as if they are the same and have the same values.d. Group counselors acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for effectively working with the diverse range of members in their groups.

Q: According to Hagan and his associates, within the paternalistic home, mothers are expected to control the behavior of their sons while granting greater freedom to daughters. a. True b. False

Q: In response to mainstream critics, critical criminologists accuse critics of selling out their criminological ideals for the chance to receive government funding. a. True b. False

Q: With respect to confidentiality, group leaders have a responsibility to do all of the following EXCEPT:a. clearly define what it means and its limits.b. explain its importance.c. inform members of the difficulties involved in enforcing it. d. explain it is not mandatory, but a voluntary process.

Q: Empirical research confirms that, as predicted by critical criminology, a suspect's race is an important factor inshaping justice system decision making. a. Trueb. False

Q: ____________ is a process of presenting basic information about group treatment to potential group members to enable them to make better decisions about whether or not to enter and how to participate in a group. a. Confidentialityb. Diversityc. Informed consent d. Social justice

Q: ASGW addresses both ______________ in their guidelines for training group workers and various other guidelines to increase their knowledge and skills in developing competence in addressing both these issues.a. knowledge and skillb. liability and skillc. multiculturalism and social justice d. knowledge and liability

Q: Empirical research is considered incompatible with critical criminology. a. Trueb. False

Q: In addition to learning about ethical decision making regarding dilemmas encountered in group work, three other experiences are suggested as adjuncts to a training program for group workers. Which of the following is NOT one of these experiences?a. Personal experience in a self-exploration group b. Survey of evidence-based practicec. Personal (individual) psychotherapyd. Becoming involved in supervised experiences

Q: ________________refers to "the fair and equitable distribution of power, resources, and obligations in society to all people, regardless of race, gender, ability, status, sexual orientation, and religious or spiritual background." a. Confidentialityb. Diversityc. Informed consent d. Social justice

Q: Structural theorists consider it essential to demystify law and justice " that is, to unmask its true purpose. a. True b. False

Q: Instrumentalists view criminal law and the criminal justice system solely as an instrument for controlling the poor, have-not members of society. a. True b. False

Q: Which of the following is NOT an issue that the dynamics of couples therapy often involves?a. Separation and divorceb. Education on the best dating habitsc. Gender inequality and cultural biasesd. Parenting styles and emotional abuse

Q: Critical criminologist who focus on state (organized) crime contend that a government might go to war to support the capitalist classes who need the wealth and resources of other nations. a. True b. False

Q: _______________ is a critical ethical issue in individual psychotherapy and a necessary part of the practice of couples and family therapy.a. Family consultation b. Informed consentc. A "no secrets" policy d. Systems theory

Q: ______________ views psychological and relational problems as arising from within the individual's present environment and the intergenerational family system.a. Family consultation b. Informed consentc. A "no secrets" policy d. Systems theory

Q: Critical criminologists believe that economic growth benefits all elements of the population by spurring job creation and surplus value. a. True b. False

Q: Critical criminologists contend that the wealthy stratum of society can be involved in acts that should be described as crimes but are not, such as racism, sexism, and profiteering. a. True b. False

Q: ______________ is raised in establishing criteria of psychosocial dysfunction, assessing the problems of the identified patient in the family context, and devising treatment strategies.a. Ethical issuesb. Informed consentc. A "no secrets" policy d. Family consultation

Q: According to the conflict view, crime is a political concept designed to protect the power and position of the upper classes at the expense of the poor. a. True b. False

Q: In working with couples and families, opportunities for ethical practice are increased by combining a systems perspective with traditional approaches. Due to the paradigm shift in the field of psychology to accommodate the changing needs of service recipients: a. the family systems perspective must focus on individualism, autonomy, and independence. b. systemic approaches must be taught side-by-side with individualistic approaches because many cultural groups are collectivistic. c. the idea that the identified client's problem is a symptom of the individual's maladjustment and psychosocial development must be reinforced. d. the therapist must view the individual's behavior in the session only.