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Q:
While email is the most common form of spam, many are not aware that viruses and spam can be sent in the form of instant messaging, online forums, social media and even text messaging. a. True
b. False
Q:
Recent research by Hinduja and Patchin on cyberbullying has found that roughly 46 percent of high school students surveyed had been a victim of cyberbullying and nearly 62 percent reported perpetrating cyberbullying.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The most typical use of cyberspace for destructive intent comes in the sending or implanting of disruptive programs, called viruses or worms.
a. True
b. False
Q:
It is estimated that the revenue generated from adult sites each year is greater than all movie box office sales and the combined income of ABC, NBC, and CBS. a. True
b. False
Q:
Even the federal government can fall victim to scams as the IRS is expected to lose as much as $21 billion in revenue between 2012 and 2017 due to identity theft.
a. True
b. False
Q:
In 1998, the United States passed the Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act to meet the threat of phishing and identity theft crimes.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The concept of phishing is also known as carding or spoofing. a. True
b. False
Q:
Because of strict federal laws, identity theft has decreased at surprising rates over the past few years. a. True
b. False
Q:
Online gambling casinos have proven particularly vulnerable to DoS attacks. a. True
b. False
Q:
It is estimated that revenue generated from adult sites each year is greater than all movie box office sales and the combined income of ABC, NBC, and CBS.
a. True
b. False
Q:
ATM skimming involves the use of electronic devices or cameras to copy personal information from a bank card or a bank card's magnetic strip. a. True
b. False
Q:
The biggest hurdle with deterring file sharing crimes is that the U.S. Criminal Code fails to provide any penalties for first-time offenders in the form of fines or prison time. a. True
b. False
Q:
Cybercrimes are vast in scope and place a heavy burden on society a. True
b. False
Q:
Criminals have become more technologically sophisticated, routinely using the Internet to carry out their criminal conspiracies.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The cyber age has generated an enormous amount of revenue and information sharing, with an estimated 190 billion email messages sent per day. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Compare and contrast the drugs and crime relationship. In your answer, defend whether you believe drug use causes crime, crime causes drug use, or another explanation is more plausible. Explain your answer.
Q:
Compare and contrast the social learning view and genetics view of drug dependency and drug usage.
Q:
A number of different drug control strategies have been tried with varying degrees of success. Discuss these various strategies and their effectiveness.
Q:
There are many different views on the cause of drug use. Explain the subcultural and psychological views of substance abuse causation.
Q:
Explain the origin of the words "pornography" and "obscenity" and discuss the current legal meanings of these terms.
Q:
Discuss the issue of legalized prostitution, presenting the viewpoints of advocates for and against legalization.
Q:
The term "prostitute" encompasses a variety of categories. Identify and discuss the various types of prostitute that exist in the United States today.
Q:
Describe the conditions necessary in a commercial sexual transaction (i.e., prostitution) and the current trend in arrests for prostitution.
Q:
Some sexual practices cause social harm and are outlawed and subject to state control. Identify and discuss these outlawed forms of deviant sexuality.
Q:
Using anti-smut or anti-gay marriage campaigns as your example, explain how moral crusaders seek to shape the law.
Q:
Explain the concept of social harm and discuss the contention by some scholars that public order crimes are not necessarily victimless offenses.
Q:
Why is it that the legislation of moral issues continuously frustrates lawmakers? How do public order crimes differ from other types of offenses?
Q:
A law enforcement strategy referred to as ________________, uses the idea of destroying overseas crops and drug labs to reduce the drug trade.
Q:
_______________ is an elementary school course designed to give students the skills to resist the peer pressure of experimenting with tobacco, drugs, and alcohol.
Q:
A drug that produces sleep and relieves pain, such as heroin, morphine, and opium, and may become addictive is referred to as a ____________________.
Q:
When drug users begin by using less potent and addicting drugs such as marijuana, and increase in potency to drugs such as cocaine and heroin, this is referred to as the ________________.
Q:
The _______________ movement was the drive to prohibit the sale of alcohol in the United States, culminating in the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1919.
Q:
The Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution outlawed the sale of alcohol otherwise known as __________________.
Q:
Having five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days is considered ___________________.
Q:
A personal trait characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on mood-altering substances is called ___________________.
Q:
Material that violates community standards of morality or decency is said to be __________________
Q:
___________ is described as sexually explicit books, magazines, films, and DVDs, intended to provide sexual excitement for paying customers.
Q:
To convict a person of obscenity, the Court uses the ______________ doctrine, where the state or local jurisdiction must specifically define obscene conduct in its statute, and the pornographer must engage in that behavior.
Q:
In the case of __________________ the Court articulated a reasonableness doctrine which states a work is obscene if a reasonable person applying objective standards would find the material to lack any social value.
Q:
Prostitutes known as ______ move around in groups of two or three to lumber, labor, and agricultural camps exchanging sex for cash.
Q:
Prostitution is illegal in all states except ___________, where licensed and highly regulated brothels can operate as business enterprises in rural counties.
Q:
The ________________ view considers the prostitute a victim of male dominance and a clear example of gender exploitation.
Q:
_________________ are a form of prostitute who spend their time in alcoholic establishments drinking and waiting to be picked up by customers.
Q:
The granting of nonmartial sexual access for remuneration is known as __________________
Q:
Attaining sexual pleasure through sexual activity with prepubescent children is known as ________________.
Q:
_____________ refers to the bizarre or abnormal sexual practices that may involve nonhuman objects, humiliation or children.
Q:
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in _______________ that state-level bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional.
Q:
Public order crimes often trace their origin to moral crusaders who seek to shape the law to reflect their own way of thinking. They are called ___________________.
Q:
________________ refers to the injury caused to others by willful wrongful conduct.
Q:
Public order crimes that violate the moral order but have no intended harmed party other than society are referred to as ________________ crimes.
Q:
Behavior that is outlawed because it threatens the general well-being of society and challenges its accepted moral principles are called __________________
Q:
Gloria would most likely fit into which category of prostitute?
a. Bar girl
b. Brothel prostitute
c. Call girl
d. Street walker
Q:
One of Gloria's regular clients likes to participate in an outlawed paraphilia that involves deriving pleasure from receiving pain from Gloria and inflicting pain on her as well. This is called _______.
a. sadomasochism
b. exhibitionism
c. frotteurism
d. voyeurism
Q:
Gloria is a 22-year-old woman from Florida who is attempting to finish college. She is studying to become a nurse. She began dancing as an exotic dancer at a gentlemen's club when she turned 20 to help pay for her tuition. Answer the following questions.
After dancing for roughly a year, Gloria heard several of the other girls talk about prostitution. Gloria believed she could make more money by being both an exotic dancer and as an escort. Her belief most likely fits the view of prostitution called the ___________.
a. free choice view
b. sexual equality view
c. sexual inequality view
d. rational choice view
Q:
Ethan Nadelmann argues that drugs should be legalized because ______.
a. legalization will increase the price of drugs making it too costly for people to use drugs.
b. the use of mood-altering substances is customary in almost all human societies.
c. taxes the government could charge on drugs would help pay for drug prevention and treatment.
d. we should be free.
Q:
Which issue presents an obstacle to controlling drugs via source control strategies?
a. The drug trade is an important source of foreign revenue and source control undermines third-world economies.
b. The amount of foreign grown narcotics is so vast that even if 75 percent of the opium market were destroyed, the United States would still require only 10 percent of the remainder to sustain its drug trade.
c. Even if the government of one nation were willing to cooperate in vigorous drug suppression efforts, other nations would be eager to cash in on the drug trade void.
d. These are all issues that present obstacles to controlling drugs via source control strategies.
Q:
Border patrols are examples of ________ strategies aimed at stopping drug use.
a. rehabilitation
b. interdiction
c. restorative
d. diversion
Q:
Problem behavior syndrome contends that ______.
a. genetics hold the key to addiction
b. the neighborhood is the primary determinant of substance abuse
c. substance abuse is linked to impaired cognitive functioning
d. substance abuse is just one of many problem behaviors
Q:
Tying drug use to factors such as racial prejudice, low self-esteem, poor socioeconomic status, and the high levels of mistrust, negativism, and defiance found in impoverished areas describes which causal explanation of drug use?
a. Social learning
b. Psychological view
c. Subcultural view
d. Problem behavior syndrome
Q:
The __________ Amendment right to free speech makes legal control of pornography quite difficult.
a. First
b. Second
c. Fourth
d. Sixth
Q:
Obscenity is derived from the Latin word caenum that means _____________.
a. perversion
b. filth
c. illegal
d. twisted
Q:
Which of the following is not true about pornography
a. Legal restrictions have made the prosecution of possession of pornography difficult especially for material involving children
b. The scientific evidence linking pornography to violence is mixed.
c. Sexually explicit films make up 15-30 percent of the home rental market.
d. The Court redefined its measure of obscenity in the case of Miller v. California.
Q:
Which of the following is a contention of opponents of pornography?
a. Pornography has increased racism in the United States.
b. Pornography is allowable if sold only in adult book stores.
c. Pornography serves to encourage women to enter pornographic industries.
d. Pornography degrades both the people who are participants and the public who are sometimes forced to see it.
Q:
Feminists' sexual equality view considers the prostitute a victim of ______.
a. child sexual abuse
b. economic circumstances
c. male dominance
d. personal choices
Q:
What does research indicate about the effects of legalizing prostitution?
a. Legalization leads to zoned areas where prostitution is cordoned off from suburban neighborhoods.
b. Legalization results in lower pay but increased freedom for prostitutes.
c. Legalization protects women from violence, verbal abuse, and physical injuries.
d. Legalization leads to massive expansion of the trade, both legal and illegal.
Q:
Prostitution is illegal in all states except Nevada where licensed and highly regulated brothels can operate as business enterprises in ______.
a. rural counties
b. hotel casinos
c. Las Vegas and Reno
d. private residences
Q:
After World War I, prostitution became associated with ____, and the desire to protect young servicemen from harm helped to end all experiments with legalization in the United States.
a. organized crime
b. immorality
c. violence
d. disease
Q:
What was the significance of the Mann Act of 1925?
a. It prohibited bringing women into the country for the purpose of prostitution.
b. It made the possession and distribution of cocaine, a drug previously used as a pain reliever, a federal crime.
c. It set the standard for obscenity in cases involving pornography.
d. It made prostitution legal in three counties within the state of Nevada.
Q:
Which category of prostitute is considered the least attractive, lowest paid, and most vulnerable, regardless of whether the prostitute is male or female?
a. Brothel prostitutes
b. Streetwalkers
c. Escorts
d. Circuit travelers
Q:
The aristocrats of prostitution are _____ who charge customers thousands of dollars per night and who may net over $200,000 per year.
a. streetwalkers
b. circuit travelers
c. Ehookers
d. call girls
Q:
International trafficking in prostitution flourishes. Hundreds of thousands of children and women, primarily from _________, are abducted or lured by the promise of good jobs and, instead, end up in the sex trade in industrialized countries including the United States.
a. Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe
b. Western Europe and South Africa
c. South Africa and Southeast Asia
d. Eastern Europe and South Africa
Q:
Which category of prostitute is believed to be responsible for the recent upsurge in prostitution?
a. Bar girls
b. Tooters
c. Call girls
d. Cyberprostitutes
Q:
Which of the following is not a condition present in a commercial sexual transaction?
a. Activity that has sexual significance for the customer
b. Economic transaction
c. Felonious violence
d. Emotional indifference
Q:
Modern commercial sex appears to have its roots in ancient _____ where Solon established licensed brothels in 500 BC.
a. Rome
b. Greece
c. Mesopotamia
d. Persia
Q:
_________is a disturbing behavior whereby men travel overseas to places such as Thailand in order to engage in illicit sexual behavior with young girls who have been sold into prostitution.
a. Pedophilia tourism
b. Pedophilia trafficking
c. Sex tourism
d. Sex trafficking
Q:
Attaining sexual pleasure through sexual activity with prepubescent children is referred to as ______.
a. frotteurism
b. pedophilia
c. voyeurism
d. sadomasochism
Q:
Your neighbor obtains sexual pleasure from spying on strangers while they disrobe. This neighbor is a/an ______.
a. exhibitionist.
b. frotteurist.
c. pedophile.
d. voyeur.
Q:
Of all the commonly practiced paraphilias, which causes the general public the most concern?
a. Pedophilia
b. Frotteurism
c. Sadomasochism
d. Exhibitionism
Q:
__________ refers to the rubbing against or touching of a nonconsenting adult in a crowd.
a. Exhibitionism
b. Frotteurism
c. Pedophilia
d. Voyeurism
Q:
Which of the following statements is accurate?
a. Societies usually encourage behaviors that lawmakers consider dangerous.
b. The line between behaviors that are immoral and those that are criminal are often blurred.
c. People with religious beliefs rarely engage in moral crusades.
d. Most behaviors are declared criminal before they are deemed immoral.