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Curriculum & Instruction
Q:
What is the first thing a teacher should do in helping a child find satisfying ways to express their emotions to others?
a. Give the child a script to use.
b. Step into the conflict on their behalf.
c. Stop the child's inappropriate expression of feeling.
d. Recognize the child's feelings about the situation.
e. Tell the child that the chosen behavior is not helpful.
Q:
Rodney and Sarah are playing with some tabletop blocks. Identify four areas of development and what the children might be learning as they play in relation to their development.
Q:
How should children's inappropriate behavior be viewed?
a. As a gap in their knowledge and skills.
b. As disrespect for others.
c. As an intrapersonal lack of competence.
d. b and c
e. a and c
Q:
Based on your readings, name two classroom practices that support the developmental principle, variation of rates.
Q:
Mrs. Eggers notes that Lamont is often lying about other children in order to get her attention. What should she do?
a. Ignore his behavior so that he realizes it will not gain her attention.
b. Shame him in front of the child he lies about.
c. Insist that he apologize to the child he lies about.
d. Report his behavior promptly to the principal.
e. None of the above
Q:
What resource do standards provide to early childhood programs?
a. The basis for adult teaching practices.
b. The basis for what routines are most suitable for young children.
c. The basis for how to accommodate culture in the classroom.
d. The basis for what children can reasonably be expected to know and do in the program over time.
e. All the above
Q:
Which of the following is useful for evaluating children's affective development?
a. Criterion referenced checklists
b. Anecdotal records
c. Documentation through participation charts
d. Structured and informal observations
e. All of the above
Q:
Last week William had a chance to try crayon resist (an art technique). He has wanted to do crayon resist every day since. William is demonstrating what phase of the Cycle of Learning?
a. Exploration
b. Practice
c. Review
d. Acquisition
e. Generalization
Q:
Which is true about childhood disorders in the category of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs)?
a. They are characterized by marked impairments in social reciprocity, communication, and behavior abnormalities.
b. They are neurogenic in nature.
c. They may co-exist with other disabilities such as mental retardation and ADHD.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above
Q:
Amanda is watching some other children create pieces of art via the process of crayon resist. She asks, "How do they do that?" Amanda is entering what phase of the Cycle of Learning?
a. Exploration
b. Practice
c. Review
d. Acquisition
e. Generalization
Q:
Which of the following is an example of an appropriate encouraging statement for a child who says, "I"m no good!"?
a. "You are good. You can do a lot of things."
b. "Let's look at what you"ve accomplished so far."
c. "I don"t want to hear you putting yourself down. Let's see how we can fix things."
d. b and c
e. All of the above
Q:
Which of the following scenarios provides an example of scaffolding?
a. A teacher reading a story book to a group of children.
b. Two three-year-olds playing side by side in the water table.
c. A kindergartner rolling out balls of modeling dough.
d. A first-grade child encouraging a three-year-old to name farm animals in a picture book.
Q:
Which of the following knowledge bases are children using when they express their inner emotional thoughts and feelings?
a. Physical knowledge
b. Logical-mathematical knowledge
c. Representational knowledge
d. Social-conventional knowledge
e. All of the above
Q:
Which of the following is a "do it signal?"
1) Look up here.
2) Here is what you have to do first.
3) Show me something that is not a circle.
4) What will happen if we put 5 on this side and 5 on that side?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1 and 3
Q:
Which of the following are know ascore emotions?
a. Loving, smart, stupid, and sad
b. Happy, mad, sad, and afraid
c. Free, powerful, responsible, and good
d. All of the above
Q:
The teacher says, "Corey, I"m so glad to see you. Here's a place for you next to Austin." This is an example of which teaching strategy?
a. Scaffolding
b. Guided Practice
c. Invitation
d. Behavior reflection
Q:
Which statement below best defines self-esteem?
a. A person's perception of how competent he or she is physically.
b. A person's perception of how competent he or she is intellectually.
c. A person's perception of how competent he or she is emotionally.
d. All of the above.
e. b and c
Q:
Which of the following statements is an appropriate challenge?
a. I bet you can"t find 10 words that start with "R" on the next page.
b. Would you like to try?
c. Why do sheep have such thick coats?
d. Let's figure out how many different ways there are to put these blocks together.
Q:
When are children who live with overly critical or controlling adults particularly vulnerable?
a. During the first year of life when they are developing a sense of trust.
b. During years 2 and 3 when they are exercising increased autonomy.
c. During elementary school when involved in real task completion.
d. When they have easy temperaments.
e. Just as they enter kindergarten.
Q:
The teacher asks the children, "What do you think will happen if we add this block to the top of the tower?" What should the teacher do next?
a. Ask a follow-up question immediately.
b. Wait several seconds before saying anything else.
c. Put the block on top so children can see what will happen as they answer.
d. Offer his own idea -- "I think it might fall down- is that what you think?"
Q:
What would be typical of a preschooler in describing his or her uniqueness?
a. "I can run faster than my friend Martin."
b. "I"m a girl, and I live in a pretty house."
c. "I help clean up during clean-up time."
d. "I think boys are mean."
e. None of the above
Q:
Four-year-old Maureen points to a blue block and calls it green. According to your text, an appropriate response would be which of the following?
a. "No, that's not right. Try it again."
b. "You think that block is green. That color is blue. Let's find some other things colored blue."
c. You should say nothing to the child.
d. "You really need help with your colors."
Q:
A strategy for establishing a low-stress and emotionally supportive environment for children is to develop a predictable schedule.
Q:
Which of the following is a characteristic of effective praise?
a. Children are told that they did a good job.
b. Using a child's name personalizes the praise statement.
c. Children's actions are compared to previous performance.
d. Children who have been praised get to stand out from their peers
Q:
Frequently telling children how special they are is likely to result in positive self- esteem.
Q:
Which of the following ideas is most closely related to the teaching strategy of scaffolding?
a. Children learn best through indirect instruction
b. If children are taught specific cognitive skills, their intellectual development accelerates
c. Children learn best through direct instruction
d. There is a point in children learning processes when the help of a more experienced child or an adult is useful.
Q:
It is believed that 80 percent of ADHD results from negative parenting and poverty.
Q:
Two children are playing a card game. Your book describes a teaching strategy called behavior reflections. Which of the following is an example of a behavior reflection?
a. It's great how you"re cooperating.
b. I like the way you are working together.
c. You each have five cards left to play.
d. Is this your favorite card game?
e. a and b
Q:
Hugs, touches, and short personal conversations with young children should take place only when other people are around.
Q:
What intelligence fits this description? "Child learns best doing experiments and exploring patterns/relationships."
a. Musical learner
b. Interpersonal learner
c. Logical-mathematical learner
d. Interpersonal learner
Q:
Helping children build resilience requires occasionally sending a message to them that they are not okay, especially if their behavior is consistently difficult.
Q:
What intelligence fits this description? "Child is reflective and sensitive to his or her inner moods."
a. Musical learner
b. Intrapersonal learner
c. Logical-mathematical learner
d. Interpersonal learner
Q:
Children younger than 10 years of age generally do not associate the source of their emotions with what happens in their minds.
Q:
A person's learning style refers to:
a. The way a person forms letters and numerals.
b. The speed with which a person learns to red and write.
c. The amount of creativity a person brings to routine learning tasks.
d. The way a person processes information and experiences.
Q:
An individual's global self-concept appears to be well developed by the time he or she is 8 or 9 years of age.
Q:
Which of the following are good reasons for studying child development as an early childhood educator?a. To keep current with the constantly changing knowledge base for the field.b. To have a sound basis for decision making in the classroom.c. To better understand variations in children's development among youngsters in the classroom.d. All of the above
Q:
Children in the primary grades automatically are more difficult because of their increasing wish for independence.
Q:
Why do teachers offer a variety of small group activities for children every day?
1) The children will be at different developmental levels.
2) The children will be coming from different cultural backgrounds.
3) Different children will be interested in different subjects.
4) The children will use the activities to learn more than one skill at a time.
a. All the above
b. 1 and 2
c. 3
d. 1, 2 and 3
Q:
Young children who enter school with high self-esteem are unlikely to lose it when overly challenged with academic tasks or racial bias.
Q:
Why should the level of skills required for activities vary if all the children in the group are the same age?
a. The children will be at different developmental levels.
b. The children will be coming from different cultural backgrounds.
c. Different children will be interested in different subjects.
d. The children will use the activities to learn more than one skill at a time.
Q:
Newborns have no awareness of self as apart from their immediate caregiver.
Q:
Which of the following statements is an example of children's active learning?
1) Tom is talking to himself as he tries to solve a problem.
2) LaTesha is counting each jump as she jumps rope.
3) Raymond is wandering around the room, looking for something to do.
a. All the above
b. None of the above
c. 1 and 2 but not 3
d. 2 and 3 only
Q:
Describe three ways teachers can modify art activities to include children with special needs.
Q:
Jack and Jerome are both five years old. Jack's language development is more advanced than Jerome's. Jerome is more physically coordinated and stronger than Jack. These children illustrate which developmental principle?
a. Normative sequence
b. Holistic development
c. Variation of rates
d. Cumulative and delayed effects
Q:
For each of the scenarios below: a) tell if it is an effective or ineffective strategy or response and b) tell why.
a. The teacher looks at Andrew's clay and says "What is it?"
b. The teacher shows the class what their puppets will look like when they're done.
c. The teacher puts a frowning face sticker on Rhonda's painting of a blue dog.
d. The teacher says students may make their own drawing in their own way because everyone has different ideas.
e. Mrs. Aranson tells Jason to sing very quietly or just mouth the words during the performance.
Q:
The same activity can sometimes be used to address multiple content standards.
Q:
Match the following aesthetic terms with their meanings:a. Early scribbling 1)How materials are used b. Music, dance, drama, visual art 2)Relative speed of music c. Basic art materials 3)Steady pulse of music d. Rhythm instruments 4)Tools for rhythm & beat e. Creative movement/dance props 5)Valuing creative works f. Techniques 6)Form or outside edge g. Early pre-schematic 7)Kinds of arts h. Tempo 8)Likes and dislikes i. Shape 9)Disordered, kinesthetic j. Beat 10)Materials used often k. Appreciation of the arts 11)Symbols change
Q:
The United States has no common set of standards for the content of early childhood programs nationwide.
Q:
The Zone of Proximal Development represents the difference between what a child already knows and what she might learn with support from someone else.
Q:
Which activity is considered an art? Of those that are considered an art, in which of the four broad categories of arts (Visual, Performing, Useable, Literary) does each belong?DrawingOrdering food at a restaurantSinging a songDancing a jigSanding a block of woodTelling a story with puppetsMaking up a poemWeaving a basketUsing table mannersClay sculptureTalking on the telephoneGadget printingTaking photographsCollageDoing the dishesTaking a walk
Q:
Define the following musical terms and give an example of how each could be used in a sentence.
a. Melody
b. Beat
c. Tempo
Q:
The first phase of the Cycle of Learning is exploration.
Q:
Which of the following is NOT a benefit children gain from aesthetic experiences?
a. Assists children in acquiring skills related to perceptual abilities.
b. Provides an outlet to express feelings.
c. Allows teachers to identify artistic talent early.
d. Provides children opportunities to experience success.
Q:
The adult who helps a child learn to put on her snow gear by starting with putting on the coat first, then buttoning the coat, and then putting on her mittens is using the strategy of successive approximation.
Q:
Mr. Garland frequently comments, "Good job." Which of the following is most likely true about this?
a. He is using a highly effective response to children.
b. He is encouraging them to tell something about their work.
c. He is being judgmental and should avoid such phrases.
d. He is introducing the child to elements of art.
Q:
"How many birds do you see in that tree?" is an example of an open-ended question.
Q:
Musically, what can be said about infants and toddlers?
a. They are capable of vocal play.
b. They experiment with sounds.
c. They produce phrase-songs.
d. All of the above
Q:
You can expect most children in the five-year-old class to exhibit very similar abilities in their language and physical development.
Q:
Which of the following is true about techniques used in art, music, dance and drama?
a. They are determined by the topic or theme of the activity.
b. They are ways in which the elements are manipulated and combined.
c. They should never be directly taught.
d. None of the above
Q:
Teachers use their understanding of child development to accelerate children's learning and to help children get ahead.
Q:
What is the first stage in representational art?
a. Painting shapes
b. Drawing people
c. Scribbling
d. Doodling
Q:
According to the principle of "˜orderly sequence" changes in child development occur evenly and smoothly from one step to the next.
Q:
In which of the following are children ages 2-4 primarily interested?
a. Working with the materials (the process)
b. What they make (the product)
c. The larger concept (the theme)
d. None of the above
Q:
Aesthetic, affective, cognitive, language, physical and social development are all interdependent.
Q:
Which of the following approaches will help children focus on details in their aesthetic creations?
a. Teachers should probe to the child to describe what he made.
b. Teachers should vary the materials available for children to use.
c. The same materials should be used repeatedly so children vary their techniques.
d. Teachers should have children discuss what they are going to make before they begin.
Q:
Identify 3 practices that run counter to DAP.
Q:
Which of the following is the best response to a child asking "Teacher, do you like my picture?"?
a. "Oh, yes! You are a wonderful artist!"
b. "I like everyone's pictures."
c. "Tell me what you like about the picture."
d. "You used a wide brush to make strong lines in your picture."
Q:
Name 2 trends that prompted DAP to come into being.
Q:
Which of the following is true when children are evaluating art?
a. They are experiencing one aspect of aesthetic learning.
b. They are acting outside the realm of aesthetic learning.
c. They are learning to be judgmental.
d. They are recalling facts.
Q:
What does High Scope call the sequence in which children make decisions about their own activities, engage in activities, and then talk about them?
Q:
Which of the following is true of aesthetic education?
a. It engages children in the arts.
b. It nurtures awareness of art forms.
c. It fosters appreciation of music and dance.
d. All of the above
Q:
Select three historic figures in early childhood and give a brief description of their contribution to the field.
Q:
How can line, color, shape, form, texture, composition, balance, and space be classified?
a. Methods of visual arts
b. Basic elements of visual arts
c. Techniques of visual art
d. All of the above
Q:
Identify the 3 sources of knowledge that make up developmentally appropriate practice and give an example of each.
Q:
Which of the following can be classified as a kind of art?
a. Visual
b. Performing
c. Useable
d. All of the above
Q:
Who advocated that children should have opportunities to learn through hands-on activities and child-centered projects?
a. Jean Piaget
b. Lev Vygotsky
c. John Locke
d. John Dewey
Q:
What is NOT a typical criterion for a good song to teach preschool children?
a. The melody is simple and appealing.
b. It tells a simple story.
c. There is coordination of action and sound.
d. It is full of words that are new to them.
Q:
Who emphasized the value of kindergarten and also wrote the Happy Birthday song?
a. Patty Hill Smith
b. Maria Montessori
c. Jean Piaget
d. Lev Vygotsky
Q:
What is the least effective strategy to use when implementing a music activity with young children?
a. Look like you are enjoying singing and being with the children.
b. Start the song and expect the children to know what to do.
c. Know the song well.
d. Use visuals and props.
Q:
The NAEYC guidelines for involving family's calls for establishing reciprocal relationships with families. What is the most significant implication of such relationships?
a. Schedules for parent conferences are made available to parents well in advance.
b. More opportunities for teachers and families to share responsibility and decision making about children's education.
c. More chances for parents to donate materials to the classroom.
d. Quicker information provided to families about children's conflicts at school.