Q&A Hero

Q: Attributes have a domain that specifies the data type of the attribute.

Q: Software vendors have adopted the Chen representation because of its compact representation.

Q: In the original Chen model, each attribute is represented using an oval with the attribute name connected to the entity with a line.

Q: Attributes are types of entities.

Q: The ER model refers to a specific table row as an entity occurrence.

Q: In both the Chen and Crow's Foot models, an entity is represented with a rectangle containing the entity's name.

Q: The ER model refers to a specific table row as an entity instance.

Q: The ER diagram represents the conceptual database as viewed by the end user.

Q: The Crow's Foot model is less implementation-oriented than the Chen model.

Q: The word "entity" in the ER model corresponds to a table.

Q: An ERM is dependent on the database type.

Q: The ____________________ join is the traditional join in which only rows that meet a given criteria are selected.

Q: A stored function uses the ____ statement to return a value.a. EXIT b. END c. RETURNd. PROCESS

Q: Oracle recommends ____ for creating audit logs.a. triggers b. stored procedures c. stored functionsd. tables

Q: The PL/SQL block starts with the ____ clause.a. IS b. OPEN c. DECLAREd. BEGIN

Q: In Oracle, ____ make(s) it possible to merge SQL and traditional programming constructs, such as variables, conditional processing (IF-THEN-ELSE), basic loops (FOR and WHILE loops,) and error trapping.a. triggersb. indexes c. embedded SQLd. procedural SQL

Q: A(n) ____ is a block of code (containing standard SQL statements and procedural extensions) that is stored and executed at the DBMS server.a. PSM b. PLS c. SQL Statementd. PMR

Q: The ____ pseudo-column is used to select the next value from a sequence.a. CURRVAL b. NEXTVAL c. NEXTd. GET_NEXT

Q: The Oracle equivalent to an MS Access AutoNumber is a(n) ____.a. auto-number b. sequence c. TO_NUMBER functiond. trigger

Q: The ____ operator could be used in place of MINUS if the RDBMS does not support it.a. IN b. NOT IN c. ANDd. UNION

Q: The ____ operator could be used in place of INTERSECT if the RDBMS does not support it.a. IN b. OF c. ANDd. UNION

Q: Assume you are using the MINUS operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the MINUS operator?a. 0 b. 2 c. 8d. 10

Q: The ____ statement in SQL combines rows from two queries and returns only the rows that appear in the first set but not in the second.a. UNION b. UNION ALL c. INTERSECTd. MINUS

Q: Assume you are using the INTERSECT operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the INTERSECT operator?a. 0 b. 2 c. 7d. 10

Q: Assume you are using the UNION ALL operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the UNION ALL operator?a. 7 b. 10 c. 15d. 17

Q: Assume you are using the UNION operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the UNION operator?a. 7 b. 10 c. 15d. 17

Q: The syntax for the UNION query is ____.a. query + query b. UNION (query, query) c. UNION: query queryd. query UNION query

Q: The ____ query combines rows from two queries and excludes duplicates.a. UNION b. UNION ALL c. INTERSECTd. MINUS

Q: The ____ data type is compatible with NUMBER.a. VARCHAR(15) b. SMALLINT c. DATEd. CHAR(10)

Q: The Oracle ____ function compares an attribute or expression with a series of values and returns an associated value or a default value if no match is found.a. NVL b. TO_CHAR c. DECODEd. CONVERT

Q: The ____ data type is considered compatible with VARCHAR(35).a. DATE b. INT c. TINYINTd. CHAR(15)

Q: "Union-compatible" means that the ____. a. names of the relation attributes can be different, but the data types must be alike b. names of the relation attributes must be the same, but the data types can be different c. names of the relation attributes must be the same and their data types must be alike d. number of attributes must be the same, but the names and data types can be different

Q: ____ is a relational set operator.a. MINUS b. PLUS c. ALLd. EXISTS

Q: When using the Oracle TO_NUMBER function to convert a character string into a number, ____ represents a digit.a. 0 b. 9 c. $d. #

Q: The Oracle string concatenation function is ____.a. CONCAT b. + c. ||d. &&

Q: In Oracle, the ____ function converts a date to a character string.a. CONVERT() b. TO_DATE c. TO_CHAR()d. TO_STRING()

Q: The Oracle ____ function returns the current date.a. DATE b. SYSDATE c. CURRENT_DATEd. TO_DATE

Q: When using the Oracle TO_DATE function, the code ____ represents a three-letter month name.a. MON b. MM3 c. MONTHd. MM

Q: The ____ function returns the current system date in MS Access.a. TO_DATE() b. SYSDATE() c. DATE()d. TODAY()

Q: In a subquery, the ____ query is executed first.a. left b. right c. innerd. outer

Q: In subquery terminology, the first query in the SQL statement is known as the ____ query.a. outer b. left c. innerd. base

Q: A ____ is a query (SELECT statement) inside a query.a. subquery b. range query c. joind. set query

Q: A ____ join returns rows with matching values and includes all rows from both tables (T1 and T2) with unmatched values.a. natural b. cross c. full outerd. left outer

Q: The syntax for a left outer join is ____. a. SELECT column-list FROM table1 OUTER JOIN table2 LEFT WHERE join-condition b. SELECT column-list FROM table1 LEFT [OUTER] JOIN table2 ON join-condition c. SELECT column-list WHERE LEFT table1 = table 2 d. SELECT column-list FROM table1 LEFT table2 [JOIN] WHERE join-condition

Q: A(n) ____ join returns not only the rows matching the join condition (that is, rows with matching values in the common columns) but also the rows with unmatched values.a. outer b. inner c. equi-d. cross

Q: The ANSI standard defines ____ type(s) of outer join(s)a. one b. two c. threed. four

Q: If you wish to create an inner join, but the two tables do not have a commonly named attribute, you can use a(n) ____ clause.a. OF b. USING c. HASd. JOIN ON

Q: A(n) ____ join will select only the rows with matching values in the common attribute(s).a. natural b. cross c. fulld. outer

Q: How many rows would be returned from a cross join of tables A and B, if A contains 8 rows and B contains 18?a. 8 b. 18 c. 26d. 144

Q: The statement SELECT * FROM T1, T2 produces a(n) ____ join.a. cross b. natural c. equi-d. full

Q: When using a(n) ____ join, only rows that meet the given criteria are returned.a. full b. inner c. outerd. set

Q: The following SQL statement uses a(n) ____.SELECT P_CODE, P_DESCRIPT, P_PRICE, V_NAMEFROM PRODUCT, VENDORWHERE PRODUCT.V_CODE = VENDOR.V_CODE;a. set operatorb. natural join c. "old-style" joind. procedural statement

Q: "Linked SQL" is a term used to refer to SQL statements that are contained within an application programming language such as COBOL, C++, ASP, Java, or ColdFusion.

Q: A stored function is another name for a stored procedure.

Q: Cursor-style processing involves retrieving data from the cursor, one row at a time.

Q: The NEXT command for a cursor is used to retrieve a row from the cursor and place it in the respective PL/SQL variables.

Q: An explicit cursor must return two or more rows.

Q: An implicit cursor is automatically created in procedural SQL when the SQL statement returns only one value.

Q: Cursors are held in a reserved memory area in the client computer.

Q: Stored procedures are executed using the EXEC command.

Q: You can declare variables inside a stored procedure.

Q: Stored procedures must have at least one argument.

Q: Stored procedures help reduce code duplication by means of code isolation and code sharing.

Q: One of the disadvantages of stored procedures is that they increase network traffic.

Q: One of the major advantages of stored procedures is that they can be used to encapsulate and represent business transactions.

Q: Just like database triggers, stored procedures are stored in the database.

Q: To test a trigger, you should use the EXECUTE TRIGGER command.

Q: Each statement inside the PL/SQL code must end with a period (".").

Q: A statement-level trigger is assumed if you omit the FOR EACH ROW keywords.

Q: Triggers can only be used to update table values.

Q: A trigger is executed as part of the transaction that triggered it.

Q: A trigger is procedural SQL code that is automatically invoked by the RDBMS upon the occurrence of a given data manipulation event.

Q: Automating business procedures and automatically maintaining data integrity and consistency are trivial in a modern business environment.

Q: The most useful feature of PL/SQL blocks is that they let you create code that can be named, stored, and executed by the DBMS.

Q: PL/SQL blocks have a section used to declare variables.

Q: In Oracle, you can use the SQL*Plus command SHOW ERRORS to help you diagnose errors found in PL/SQL blocks.

Q: Every PL/SQL block must be given a name.

Q: PL/SQL functions are executed in the same way as functions such as MIN and AVG.

Q: Procedural code is executed on the database client machine.

Q: To remedy the lack of procedural functionality in SQL, and to provide some standardization within the many vendor offerings, the SQL-99 standard defined the use of persistent stored modules.