Q&A Hero

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a collection of similar objects with a shared structure and behavior.

Q: In _________________________, a three-pronged symbol represents the "many" side of the relationship.

Q: In ____________________, relationships are represented by a diamond connected to the related entities through a relationship line.

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a representation of the relational database's entities, the attributes within those entities and the relationships between those entities.

Q: Each column in a relation represents a(n) ____________________.

Q: Each row in a relation is called a(n) ____________________.

Q: The ____________________ defines the portion of the database "seen" by the application programs that produce information from the data.

Q: The ____________________ is the conceptual organization of the entire database as viewed by the database administrator.

Q: A(n) ____________________ in a hierarchical model is the equivalent of a record in a file system.

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a brief, precise, and unambiguous description of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization.

Q: A(n) ____________________ is a relatively simple representation of more complex real-world data structures.

Q: A(n) ____ model represents a global view of the database as viewed by the entire organization.a. external b. conceptual c. internald. physical

Q: The ____ modelis the end users' view of the data environment.a. abstract b. external c. conceptuald. internal

Q: One of the limitations of the ____ model is that there is a lack of standards.a. hierarchical b. network c. relationald. entity relationship

Q: The ____ data model uses the concept of inheritance.a. relational b. network c. object-orientedd. entity relationship

Q: The ____ data model is said to be a semantic data model.a. relationalb. network c. object-orientedd. entity relationship

Q: The ____ model uses the term connectivity to label the relationship types.a. relational c. object-orientedb. network d. entity relationship

Q: The ____ model was developed to allow designers to use a graphical tool to examine structures rather than describing them with text.a. hierarchicalb. network c. object-orientedd. entity relationship

Q: A(n) ____ enables a database administrator to define schema components.a. extensible markup language (XML)b. data definition language (DDL) c. unified modeling language (UML)d. query language

Q: In the ____ model, the user perceives the database as a collection of records in 1:M relationships, where each record can have more than one parent.a. hierarchical b. network c. object-orientedd. entity relationship

Q: The relational data model was developed in the ____.a. 1960s xb. 1970s c. relationald. 1990s

Q: In the ____ model, each parent can have many children, but each child has only one parent.a. hierarchical b. network c. relationald. entity relationship

Q: In the ____ model, the basic logical structure is represented as an upside-down tree.a. hierarchical b. network c. relationald. entity relationship

Q: MySQL is an example of a(n) ____.a. hierarchical model b. file system data model c. relational data modeld. XML data model

Q: Oracle 11g is an example of a(n) ____.a. hierarchical model b. file system data model c. relational data modeld. XML/Hybrid data model

Q: VMS/VSAM is an example of a(n) ____.a. hierarchical model b. file system data model c. relational data modeld. XML data model

Q: The object-oriented data model was developed in the ____.a. 1960s b. 1970s c. 1980sd. 1990s

Q: The hierarchical data model was developed in the ____.a. 1960s b. 1970s c. 1980sd. 1990s

Q: A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n) ____ in the data model.a. entity b. attribute c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: A noun in a business rule translates to a(n) ____ in the data model.a. entity b. attribute c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: Which of the following is true of business rules? a. They allow the designer to set company policies with regard to data. b. They allow the designer to develop business processes. c. They can serve as a communication tool between the users and designers. d. They provide a framework for the company's self actualization.

Q: Business rules are derived from ____.a. a detailed description of an organization's operationsb. standards and practices developed over the yearsc. managers' recommendationsd. governmental oversight organization standards

Q: Students and classes have a ____ relationship.a. one-to-one b. one-to-many c. many-to-oned. many-to-many

Q: ____ are normally expressed in the form of rules.a. Attributes b. Entities c. Relationshipsd. Constraints

Q: ____ are important because they help to ensure data integrity.a. Attributes b. Entities c. Relationshipsd. Constraints

Q: A(n) ____ is a restriction placed on the data.a. attribute b. entity c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: A(n) ____ is bidirectional.a. attribute b. entity c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: A(n) ____ is the equivalent of a field in a file system.a. attribute b. entity c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: A(n) ____ is anything about which data are to be collected and stored.a. attribute b. entity c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: A(n) ____ represents a particular type of object in the real world.a. attribute b. entity c. relationshipd. constraint

Q: A(n) ____'s main function is to help you understand the complexities of the real-world environment.a. constraint b. entityc. model d. database

Q: The relational model is hardware-dependent and software-independent.

Q: The hierarchical model is software-independent.

Q: The entity relationship model is limited to conceptual modeling, with no implementation component.

Q: The network model has structural level dependence.

Q: Today, most relational database products can be classified as object/relational.

Q: M:N relationships are not appropriate in a relational model.

Q: In Chen notation, entities and relationships must be oriented horizontally.

Q: Each row in the relational table is known as an entity instance or entity occurrence in the ER model.

Q: End-user interfaces require the end user to manually generate SQL code.

Q: In an SQL-based relational database, rows in different tables are related based on common values in common attributes.

Q: In an SQL-based relational database, each table is dependent on another.

Q: Business rules must be rendered in writing.

Q: Business rules apply to businesses and government groups, but not to other types of organizations such as religious groups or research laboratories.

Q: Database designers determine the data and information that yield the required understanding of the entire business.

Q: A manager and a programmer usually have the same view of the same data.

Q: Data modeling starts with a very complex representation, and as knowledge of the problem is gained, the model is simplified.

Q: Within the database environment, a data model represents data structures with the purpose of supporting a specific problem domain.

Q: An implementation-ready data model should contain a description of the data structure that will store the end-user data.

Q: The terms data model and database model are often used interchangeably.

Q: A data model is usually graphical.

Q: Explain the differences between a centralized and decentralized approach to database design.

Q: What are the classical approaches to database design?

Q: What are the factors affecting the purchasing decision for DBMS software?

Q: Database backups can be performed at different levels. List and describe these.

Q: List and briefly describe the three types of system maintenance activities.

Q: ____________________ design could become a very technical job that affects not only the accessibility of the data in the storage device(s) but also the performance of the system.

Q: The ____________________ design goal is to design an enterprise-wide database based on a specific data model but independent of physical-level details.

Q: When selecting DBMS ____________________, consider processor(s), RAM, disk space, and so on.

Q: The term "module ____________________" describes the extent to which modules are independent of one another.

Q: A(n) ____________________ is an information system component that handles a specific business function, such as inventory, orders, payroll, and so on.

Q: Because real-world database design is generally done by teams, you should strive to organize the design's major components into ____________________.

Q: A(n) ____________________ rule is a brief and precise narrative of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization's environment.

Q: From a database point of view, the collection of data becomes meaningful only when the business ____________________ are defined.

Q: In order to develop an accurate data ____________________, the designer must have a thorough understanding of the company's data types, extent, and uses.

Q: The first step in ____________________ design is to discover the data element characteristics.

Q: The ____________________design stage uses data modeling to create an abstract database structure that represents real-world objects in the most realistic way possible.

Q: A(n) ____________________ log backup backs up only the transaction log operations that are not reflected in a previous backup copy of the database.

Q: ____________________ security allows the assignment of access rights to specific authorized users.

Q: The implementation of the logical design in IBM's DB2 would require that you assign the rights to use the database to a(n) _________________________.