Q&A Hero

Q: What is the term used to describe the changes that are occurring in our industry with respect to the average age and makeup of our work force?a. R&Db. CICc. Infrastructured. Demographicse. None of the above

Q: Young people presently view a career in construction as highly desirable.

Q: Outreach activities that educate the public and, in particular, young people to better understand our profession are important for what reason? a. To meet government regulations b. To improve job-site safety c. To improve the image of the profession d. To improve industry competitiveness e. All of the above

Q: Private-sector projects are funded by tax dollars through cities, towns, states, and the federal government.

Q: Which industry sector is the largest? a. Residential b. Commercial building c. Heavy engineering d. Industrial e. Farming

Q: Projects in which of the following industry sectors would typically be designed by an architect? a. Residential b. Commercial building c. Industrial d. Heavy engineering e. A and B only

Q: It is to the advantage of all of us involved in the construction industry to discourage others from pursuing a career in our profession. The more people who enter our profession, the fewer opportunities exist.

Q: The construction industry does not emphasize research and development as much as do high-technology industries.

Q: Government regulations that affect construction exist to _________ a. Maintain public safety and welfare b. Provide fair and open competition among project participants c. Minimize owners' financial and physical risk d. Mitigate unproductive conflicts between parties e. All of the above

Q: Which of the following is not true with respect to the future of the design/build industry? a. The industry will become more global. b. Demand will increase for more highly trained workers. c. The need for permits and regulations will decrease. d. Hazardous waste disposal and product recycling will become more important. e. All of the above are true.

Q: OpenFlow can be used to standardize ________. A) northbound APIs B) southbound APIs C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Communication between SDN applications and SDN controllers is governed by ________. A) northbound APIs B) southbound APIs C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: A router's load-balancing process is determined by ________. A) the SDN controller B) an SDN application C) the router D) any of the above

Q: In SDN, a switch receives its forwarding table rules directly from ________. A) the SDN controller B) an SDN management application C) another switch D) an SNMP manager

Q: SDN ________. A) reduces CapEx B) increases OPEx C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: SDN can ________. A) permit routing rules to be changed rapidly B) reduces router costs C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Control functions are located in routers in ________. A) traditional routing B) SDN C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Forwarding functions are located in routers in ________. A) traditional routing B) SDN C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: The creation of routing tables for a router is an example of ________. A) forwarding B) control C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: The highest layer in SDN consists of ________. A) switches B) routers C) the SDN controller D) SDN applications

Q: Traffic shaping ________. A) limits the amount of some types of traffic B) does not admit some types of traffic C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In caching, ________. A) a message may not have to be transmitted B) messages are cached at the transmitting end of the line C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: WAN optimization provides ________. A) network protocol acceleration B) caching C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: WAN optimization devices are deployed ________. A) at the ends of leased lines B) by the telephone carrier C) by the PSDN carrier D) by the ISP

Q: Label-switching routers bring ________. A) lower cost B) the ability to do traffic engineering C) quality of service D) all of the above

Q: MPLS is ________ the source and destination hosts. A) transparent to B) nontransparent to C) apparent to D) a burden on

Q: MPLS routers base their decisions on a packet's ________. A) destination IP address B) label number C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In MPLS, the ________ adds the label to the packet. A) source host B) first label-switching router C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In MPLS, the packet travels along the ________. A) route B) data link C) label-switched path D) MPLS path

Q: MPLS ________ the work that each router must do to deliver a packet during a traffic exchange. A) reduces B) increases C) does not affect D) occasionally reduces

Q: In MPLS, the router interface to send the packet back out will be decided ________. A) during the router's routing process B) before the packet arrives C) by a dynamic routing protocol D) none of the above

Q: Why is Carrier Ethernet popular? A) It uses a familiar technology. B) It has attractive prices. C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In Carrier Ethernet, which service is a competitor for leased line service? A) E-Line B) E-LAN C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: The PSDN technology that is growing rapidly today is ________. A) Frame Relay B) Carrier Ethernet C) the Internet D) No PSDN technology is growing rapidly today.

Q: In a PSDN, customers connect to the network core at ________. A) NAPs B) public/private access points C) POPs D) DSLAMs

Q: A firm uses a PSDN. It has four sites. How many leased lines will it need? A) 0 B) 1 C) 4 D) none of the above

Q: Which of the following DSL services usually offers QoS guarantees? A) residential B) business C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Which of the following DSL services tends to be symmetric in speed? A) residential B) business C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Many "T1" lines that carriers provide today use ________ in the local loop. A) 1-pair voice-grade UTP B) 2-pair voice-grade UTP C) 1-pair data-grade UTP D) 2-pair data-grade UTP

Q: To connect two sites at 2.8 Mbps, I would use ________. A) a T1 line B) bonded T1 lines C) a T2 line D) a T3 line

Q: T1 leased lines run at a speed of about ________. A) 250 kbps B) 1 Mbps C) 10 Mbps D) 45 Mbps

Q: A customer's leased line to its ISP connects to the ISP's ________. A) POP B) NAP C) CSU/DSU D) interface

Q: To use a leased line, the customer requires a(n) ________ at each site. A) switch B) router C) CSU/DSU D) modem

Q: Which lines run from one customer premise to another? A) leased lines B) access lines C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Leased lines offer ________ service. A) fast B) any-to-any C) rapid-connection D) none of the above

Q: Which of the following affects what throughput an individual user will receive? A) being in a moving car B) being far from the cellsite C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: What speed does the LTE Advanced standard require downstream? A) 3 Mbps B) 30 Mbps C) 3 Gbps D) 30 Gbps

Q: Today's dominant cellular technology is ________. A) LTE B) 3G C) HSPA+ D) MTSO

Q: Cells are used in cellular telephony to provide ________. A) service for more customers B) greater reliability C) greater transmission speed D) all of the above

Q: An MTSO ________. A) controls cellsites in a cellular system B) links mobile users to wired telephone customers C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In cellular technology, the carrier antenna and equipment to which mobile customers connect directly is called a(n) ________. A) cell B) cellsite C) MTSO D) wireline carrier

Q: In cellular technology, a ________ is a small geographical area. A) cell B) cellsite C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Which of the following is moving toward FTTH? A) cable modem service companies B) ADSL service companies C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Compared to ADSL service, cable modem service typically is ________. A) faster and more expensive B) faster and less expensive C) slower and more expensive D) slower and less expensive

Q: Two-way amplifiers are needed for cable ________ service. A) television B) data C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In coaxial cable, the two conductors ________. A) run side-by-side B) are twisted around each other C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: For their transmission medium, cable television companies primarily use ________. A) 2-pair VG UTP cabling B) 2-pair DG UTP cabling C) coaxial cable D) 4-pair UTP

Q: Fiber to the home service is normally created by ________. A) running optical fiber to neighborhoods B) running individual fiber cords from the nearest switching building to individual homes C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: The promise of FTTH is ________. A) higher speed B) lower cost C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: For ADSL service, which of the following typically must be added to the telephone system? A) a DSLAM B) a transmission line to the customer premises C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In ADSL, the residential customer needs a(n) ________. A) DSLAM B) ADSL modem C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: In ADSL, the customer should have ________. A) splitters B) an ADSL modem C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Which of the following already runs to nearly all customer premises? A) 4-pair UTP B) 1-pair VG UTP C) 1-pair DG UTP D) none of the above

Q: What transmission medium do ALL DSL services use? A) one-pair data-grade UTP B) two-pair data-grade UTP C) one-pair voice-grade UTP D) all of the above

Q: DSL residential service provides ________. A) symmetric speed B) asymmetric speed C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: DSL offers ________. A) voice transmission B) data transmission C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: The PSTN core is organized as a ________. A) mesh B) hierarchy C) modified hierarchy D) loop

Q: Most end-office switches are Class ________ switches. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 5

Q: In the telephone system, the lines that connect customers to the nearest switch are called the ________. A) access lines B) local lines C) access loop D) local loop

Q: How do WAN carriers typically get their trunk lines? A) They construct them. B) They lease them from telephone companies. C) They use wireless transmission. D) They use the Internet.

Q: Which of the following allows you to connect to the hosts of almost any corporation today? A) carrier WANs B) the Internet C) both A and B

Q: Which of the following is a common use for carrier WANs? A) to connect corporate sites B) to connect a corporate site to the Internet C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: Which of the following does the carrier NOT own? A) the network core B) customer premises equipment C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: The Internet is a ________. A) LAN B) WAN C) both A and B D) neither A nor B

Q: WANs are ________. A) single networks B) internets C) either A or B D) neither A nor B

Q: LANs are ________. A) single networks B) local internets C) either A or B D) neither A nor B

Q: Which of the following usually offers higher speeds? A) LANs B) WANs C) Both A and B are about equal in typical speeds.

Q: Which of the following has more diversity in technologies? A) LANs B) WANs C) Both A and B are about equal in diversity of technologies.

Q: LAN speeds are faster than WAN speeds. This is because of ________. A) technological limitations B) regulatory limitations C) slow corporate adoption of newer WAN technologies D) economic reasons

Q: A company has more control over its ________ technology. A) LAN B) WAN