Q&A Hero

Q: Which of the following was an outcome of the War of 1812? a. The United States gained territory in what had been southern Ontario. b. Both the British and Americans awarded land to Indians along the Canada-U.S. border. c. Canada signed a trade agreement with the United States. d. The American government signed a mutual defense treaty with France. e. Americans became more interested in territory in the West as opposed to Canada.

Q: Congress passed all of Alexander Hamiltons financial plans except for subsidies for manufacturing.

Q: What was one factor that contributed to the downfall of the Federalists? a. Their call for secession from the union angered Republicans, who ousted them from the government. b. Their elitism and distrust of popular self-government was at odds with the nations increasingly democratic ethos. c. Their advocacy for equal rights for Native Americans was unpopular with a large majority of farmers. d. The southern plantation owners whose interests they championed were a too-small part of the electorate. e. The delegates at the Republican Partys Hartford Convention voted to ban the Federalist Party.

Q: Most of the public government buildings constructed around 1800 in Washington, D.C., were built using slave labor.

Q: Why did the United States become a one-party nation following the War of 1812? a. The Republicans were blamed for the British victory in Washington, D.C., and therefore lost power. b. The Hartford Conventions allegedly treasonous activities fatally damaged the Federalist Partys reputation. c. Under the Alien and Sedition Acts, Madison was able to silence all opposition. d. James Monroes universal popularity as a hero of the War of 1812 made his Republican Party unbeatable. e. The Federalists were so pleased with the wars outcome that they endorsed a union with the Republicans at their 1816 convention in Hartford.

Q: What was the significance of the Hartford Convention? a. It was a sign of growing tensions between America and Canada. b. It resulted in the elimination of the three-fifths clause. c. It irrevocably turned public opinion against the Federalist Party. d. It featured the first call for secession in American history. e. It was the grounds for a treason trial against DeWitt Clinton.

Q: After the War of 1812, Americans were compensated for lost slaves a. by an international arbitration agreement decided by the Russian tsar. b. by the Treaty of Ghent. c. by Canadian towns buying the slaves freedom. d. by the slaves purchasing their freedom. e. by forcing France to pay Britains debts.

Q: Which of the following was a factor in the decline of the Federalist Party? a. its abolitionist platform b. its lack of funds c. its refusal to participate in the Hartford Convention d. its failure to mobilize voters e. its support of popular self-government

Q: Which of the following was a result of the War of 1812? a. Madisons Republican Party disappeared as a significant political group. b. Andrew Jackson was court-martialed for fighting the British after the war ended. c. Indians became increasingly powerful in the Old Northwest and the South. d. Americans felt ready to go to war again with Europe. e. The United States completed its conquest of the area east of the Mississippi River.

Q: Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa were brothers who a. preached a militant message to Native Americans early in the nineteenth century. b. were chiefs of adjacent tribes, the Shawnee and the Seneca. c. fought beside Andrew Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans. d. both died at the Battle of Tippecanoe. e. differed on whether Indians or whites were more at fault for Native American problems.

Q: What was a challenge for the United States during the War of 1812? a. Before the war began, it did not have an army. b. It had to fight both the British and the Spanish. c. Most Americans in the South and West strongly opposed the war. d. Without a national bank, the war was difficult to finance. e. It had no allies among the Native American tribes.

Q: How do Tenskwatawa and Neolin compare in regard to their philosophies? a. Tenskwatawa wanted Native Americans to assimilate into white American culture. b. Neolin advocated peaceful resistance against the British. c. Both men wanted to sign treaties with white settlers and share the land. d. Neolin wanted Native Americans to assimilate and adapt white American culture. e. Both men wanted to reject the white mans culture.

Q: What was a factor in the coming of the War of 1812? a. European interference with American trade in the Atlantic b. American impressment of British sailors into the American navy c. warfare between Britain and Spain d. British attacks on Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa e. American War Hawks desires to annex Mexico and conquer Canada

Q: Handsome Lake of the Seneca held what belief in regard to Indians relationship with whites? a. The only way for Indians to gain independence was through guerilla warfare. b. Indians had to renounce all ways of life they had learned from whites. c. Drinking and gambling were key to Indians earning the favor of whites. d. Indians could regain their autonomy without directly challenging whites. e. It was hopeless to work for Indian autonomy, and it was best to submit to white authority.

Q: After Andrew Jackson defeated hostile Creeks in Alabama during the War of 1812, a. he required the tribe to cede more than half its land to the federal government. b. he made sure to stipulate that the Creeks who fought with him would keep their land. c. he retired from public life. d. he went on to suffer a crushing defeat in the Battle of New Orleans. e. he decided to prohibit freed men of color from joining his military ranks.

Q: Tenskwatawa was a Shawnee religious prophet who a. called for the revival of traditional Indian culture. b. promoted Euro-American farming techniques. c. disagreed with his brother Tecumsehs resistance to federal policies. d. urged Indians to consume more American products. e. called for Shawnee representation in Congress.

Q: During the War of 1812, Americas greatest success in a land battle against the British took place where? a. New Orleans b. Washington, D.C. c. Pittsburgh d. Yorktown e. Ontario

Q: Tecumseh was a Shawnee chief who a. promoted the Euro-American concept of individual private property. b. sought to revive Neolins pan-Indian alliance. c. was a pacifist. d. was a supporter of the U.S. treaty system. e. argued that assimilation was the only alternative to extermination.

Q: When Andrew Jackson had the chance to obtain African-American help to fight the British in the Battle of New Orleans, he a. refused on the grounds that, as a slaveholder, he could not accept their aid. b. discovered that all the blacks in New Orleans had left the city to support the British. c. recruited free men of color and promised them the same pay that white recruits received. d. accepted only enslaved men, to whom he offered freedom as a form of payment. e. accepted, but that so angered the white recruits that he later dismissed all the black soldiers.

Q: What was the purpose of Tecumsehs 1810 Speech to the Osage? a. to win the military support of the Osage in a war against the white people b. to pledge loyalty to the Americans in the conflict that would become the War of 1812 c. to urge the Osage to accept Christianity and adopt agricultural lifestyles d. to threaten the Osage with military retribution for stealing horses from the Shawnee e. to praise the Osages progress in establishing effective self-government

Q: The treaty that ended the War of 1812 a. gave the United States large tracts of land in the West. b. gave Canada the option of joining the United States. c. was a humiliating treaty for Britain. d. restored the prewar status quo. e. resulted in the United States losing land to Canada.

Q: What was part of the Jefferson administrations policy toward Native Americans? a. providing literary education programs to assimilate Indians into American literary culture b. trying to prevent tribes from moving beyond the Mississippi River c. encouraging tribes to adopt African-American slavery as a means of assimilating into American culture d. encouraging traders to lend Indians money so they could attain a higher standard of living e. prohibiting settled farms among Indians so they were not able to sustain themselves financially

Q: How does Tecumseh characterize white Americans in his 1810 Speech to the Osage? a. as certain to defeat all Indians due to their superior force b. as a mix of friends and foes, who should always be dealt with individually c. as fellow children of the Great Spirit d. as a military ally to the Shawnee e. as greedy, untrustworthy, and determined to destroy all Indians

Q: Among the Indians, what was the period from 1800 to 1812 considered? a. an age of prophecy, marked by movements for the revitalization of Native American life b. the great weeping, marked by the utter hopelessness and lack of effort on the part of Native Americans c. an age of dissension, marked by the total rejection of white ways by all Native American leaders d. a period of abundance, marked by the final years before whites began infringing on Native American rights e. the migration to Europe, marked by the relocation of most Native Americans to European countries

Q: Which of the following occurrences was a precursor to the War of 1812? a. Tecumseh signed the Treaty of Greenville. b. The British attacked American frontier settlements. c. Jefferson signed the Louisiana Purchase. d. The British blockaded the American coastline. e. William Henry Harrison attacked Native American villages.

Q: When President James Madison asked Congress to declare war on Britain in 1812, a. it was the fifth time Congress had declared war on another country. b. the Federalists voted overwhelmingly in favor of the war. c. the South and West were against the war. d. the northern states voted strongly for the war. e. it was approved by the smallest margin of any war declaration in U.S. history.

Q: Sacajawea was a. an elderly Indian woman whom Lewis and Clark enslaved during their journey. b. born to a French-Canadian fur trapper and his native wife during Lewis and Clarks journey. c. a guide and interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition. d. the only member of the Lewis and Clark expedition to return safely to St. Louis. e. the young Shoshone woman whom William Clark married during his winter in North Dakota.

Q: Which policy or action showed Jefferson contradicting his own philosophy on government? a. Jeffersons advocacy for the Embargo Act b. Jeffersons cutting funding for the military c. Jeffersons paying down the national debt d. Jeffersons ending most taxes e. Jeffersons release of political prisoners

Q: Which statement is true about the impact of the U.S. acquisition of New Orleans on African-Americans who lived in the city? a. U.S laws restricted the freedom of free and enslaved African-Americans more harshly than French and Spanish laws did. b. Under U.S. rule, slaves and free blacks had easy access to the court system. c. U.S. laws recognized free blacks as equals to whites and, therefore, worthy of enjoying the privileges of citizenship. d. It was much easier for slaves to gain their freedom under U.S. rule. e. The United States quickly abolished the principle of community property within marriage that had been prevalent in Spanish and French civil codes.

Q: Which of the following contributed to the United States going to war in 1812? a. Madisons refusal to support Macons Bill no. 2 b. Great Britains announcement that it would end the impressment of American sailors c. Congressional War Hawks who pressed for territorial expansion into Florida and Canada d. Tecumsehs victory at the Battle of Tippecanoe e. The Republican insistence on high tariffs

Q: Which of the following statements is true of New Orleans under Spanish rule? a. Men and women enjoyed complete legal equality, which was unheard of in the United States. b. Slavery was illegal for any men over the age of 21 and women over the age of 18. c. Slave women had the right to go to court for protection against cruelty or rape by their owners. d. An owner could not free his or her slaves without special permission from the Spanish monarch. e. Native Americans had been considered full citizens, with all of the rights and privileges associated with that status.

Q: The War Hawks in Congress included a. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun. b. John Randolph and Rufus King. c. Oliver Perry and Francis Scott Key. d. Andrew Jackson and William H. Harrison. e. Carter Glass and Ernest Hollings.

Q: Why did Jefferson use the U.S. Navy against North African states? a. French pirates held American merchant ships hostage, and Jefferson sent in the navy after his agreeing to pay a ransom failed to fix the problem. b. Jefferson wanted to disarm the pasha of Tripoli, who had gathered weapons he planned to use against the United States. c. Plantation owners wanted to import more Africans before the international slave trade became illegal in 1808, and they needed American firepower to help them do it. d. Jefferson had tried to cut the naval budget, and Federalists had accused him of being wishy-washy; Jefferson wanted to show that he could be tough. e. Tripoli had declared war on the United States after Jefferson refused demands for increased payments to the Barbary pirates.

Q: Which of the following was an aim of the War Hawks? a. securing exclusive trading rights with France b. acquiring the territory that is now Texas and New Mexico c. securing states rights as opposed to national honor d. annexing Canada e. ending all international trade

Q: The Barbary Wars a. resulted in the creation of the Federalist Party. b. resulted in the Louisiana Purchase. c. were an excuse for Jefferson to expand the navy, as he always wanted to. d. helped to lay the foundation of American Islamophobia. e. resulted from the Embargo Act.

Q: Why did Thomas Jefferson encourage traders to lend money to Indians? a. to finance the Indians transition to an agricultural economy b. to end African-American slavery c. to weaken the power of the traders d. to trap the Indians in debt they could not pay back e. to secure Indian aid during the War of 1812

Q: Which of the following was true of the Embargo Act of 1807? a. It banned trade with Indians due to attacks on American settlers in the West. b. The act passed despite opposition from President Thomas Jefferson. c. This policy hurt Great Britain more than it did American merchants. d. Americans were prohibited from sending ships to foreign ports. e. It led to the British and French governments reaching out to negotiate with Jefferson about free trade.

Q: Who wrote that he hoped that the purchase of Louisiana would lead to the transplanting of all the Indians from east of the Mississippi to west of the Mississippi? a. Andrew Jackson b. Thomas Jefferson c. George Washington d. William Henry Harrison e. James Monroe

Q: The Embargo Act most reminded Americans of which of the following policies that predated the Revolutionary War? a. the Stamp Act b. the Sugar Act c. the Intolerable Acts d. the Townshend Acts e. the Alien and Sedition Acts

Q: Which of the following is true about the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark? a. They slaughtered two different Indian tribes. b. They met Indian tribes accustomed to dealing with European traders. c. Clark ended up staying in Montana to live with Indians on a permanent basis. d. They brought back numerous plant and animal specimens. e. They never reached the Pacific coast.

Q: Jeffersons Embargo Act a. was successful in restoring freedom of the seas. b. stopped the policy of impressment. c. severely hurt the economies of France and England. d. provoked war with France. e. caused economic depression within the United States.

Q: After becoming president, how did Thomas Jefferson deal with the Federalists? a. He followed through on his inauguration speechs statement (We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists) and treated them as equals. b. He courted their support because he knew he could never win approval for his policies without them. c. He tried to roll back almost everything they had done by cutting taxes and the size of government. d. Until just before leaving office, he used the Sedition Act to shut down Federalist newspapers critical of his administration. e. He led a successful effort to impeach and remove from office all Federalist judges, whom he then replaced with Republicans.

Q: President Thomas Jefferson tried to minimize federal power by a. buying Louisiana from France. b. participating in the Barbary Wars. c. urging Congress to pass the Embargo Act. d. abolishing all taxes except the tariff. e. establishing judicial review.

Q: What was the significance of the case of Marbury v. Madison? a. It was John Marshalls first case as chief justice. b. The Supreme Court asserted the power of judicial review. c. The Supreme Court declared that presidential power was greater than congressional power. d. The decision gave states important new powers to block a too-powerful federal government. e. Marburys win meant that he became the new chief justice, a post he held for twenty-one years.

Q: Which of the following was a crucial element of Gabriels Rebellion? a. the support of white leadership b. arms provided by Native Americans c. the literacy of slave leaders and their relative autonomy d. the enthusiastic support of most northern politicians e. favorable weather conditions for the slaves

Q: In its decision in the case of Fletcher v. Peck, the U.S. Supreme Court a. exercised the authority to overturn a state law that the Court considered to be in violation of the U.S. Constitution. b. declared that corruption involved in the making of a law automatically invalidated that law. c. held that slaves who ran away from their masters had to be returned to them, even if the slaves had gone to a free state. d. asserted that political parties were constitutional even though they were not mentioned in the 1787 document. e. said that the purchase of land from a foreign power, as in the case of Louisiana, was constitutional.

Q: Which statement is true about the Haitian Revolution? a. It failed to establish Haiti as an independent nation. b. Jeffersonians who had celebrated the French Revolution similarly celebrated the Haitian Revolution as a further step toward universal liberty. c. It encouraged many white Americans to travel to Haiti. d. It resulted in millions of Haitians fleeing to the United States. e. It reinforced white Americans fears of possible insurrections by enslaved people in the United States.

Q: Why did Jefferson purchase Louisiana from the French in 1803? a. He wanted to prevent slavery from expanding west of the Mississippi. b. He hoped it would ensure the nations agrarian character. c. He wanted to return the land to the Indian tribes who lived there. d. He knew the Constitution explicitly and fully authorized this land deal. e. He wanted to sell it back to Spain for a profit.

Q: Gabriels Rebellion a. was doomed to fail because the African-American population of Richmond was so small. b. demonstrated that the slaves were as aware of the idea of liberty as anyone else. c. inspired Virginia to adopt a gradual emancipation law in 1803. d. failed partly because its leaders were plantation slaves, who had less contact with the outside world and were unaware of how little support they enjoyed. e. prompted several states to pass laws requiring slaves to be educated about the Constitution and the importance of obeying the law.

Q: The land involved in the Louisiana Purchase a. had been claimed by France from the 1600s until the United States acquired it. b. included all of what is now Texas and the American Southwest. c. was considered by Jefferson to be practically worthless, yet he did not want it to fall into British hands. d. stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada and from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains. e. consisted only of what is today the state of Louisiana and the southern half of Arkansas.

Q: How did the Virginia legislature respond to Gabriels Rebellion? a. It made it illegal for slaves to congregate without white supervision. b. It provided financial compensation for those who voluntarily freed their slaves. c. It repealed a new tax on distilled spirits. d. It summoned Washington, who proceeded to command an army of thousands of militiamen. e. It rescinded the right to vote for free blacks.

Q: Which of the following was an aim of the Lewis and Clark expedition? a. to discover the source of the Mississippi River b. to explore the economic potential of the territory acquired through the Louisiana Purchase c. to secure expanses of land for Indian reservations west of the Mississippi River d. to bring needed supplies to military forts along Americas new western border e. to order Spanish traders out of the territory acquired through the Louisiana Purchase

Q: What is true about the plot known as Gabriels Rebellion? a. Recruits were gathered mostly through passing secret coded messages. b. The goal of the rebellion was to establish black superiority over whites. c. The discovery of the plot resulted in new laws that increased white supervision of black Virginians. d. Gabriel named Quakers, Methodists, and French people as his primary enemies. e. Gabriel and his co-conspirators were plantation field workers who could not read or write.

Q: Why did Thomas Jefferson call the Election of 1800 the Revolution of 1800? a. He was willing to let John Adams remain as president. b. He wanted to use force to maintain his victory in the election. c. He was voicing criticism of Aaron Burrs actions in the West. d. He hoped to free many of the slaves in the South. e. He was talking about freedom that secured Americas independence.

Q: Which statement is true about the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798? a. They were an attempt by Republicans to silence their critics. b. The Alien Act empowered federal authorities to deport immigrants they deemed dangerous. c. The Sedition Act eliminated trials by jury for all those charged with criticizing the government. d. Widespread opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts was a significant obstacle on Thomas Jeffersons road to victory in the 1800 election. e. The Sedition Act targeted mainly Federalist-friendly publications.

Q: Who wrote a petition to Congress as the president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, calling for the end of slavery? a. Mathew Lyon b. Patrick Henry c. Sarah Morton d. Mary Wollstonecraft e. Benjamin Franklin

Q: Which of the following would represent a fulfillment of what Judith Sargent Murray argues for in her essays? a. housewives forming a sewing group b. men founding a public school c. boys playing a role in local government d. girls attending college e. Native American men serving on a tribal council

Q: Which of the following does Judith Sargent Murray argue in her essay On the Equality of the Sexes? a. Although men and women should be given equal rights, their minds are inherently unequal. b. The first step toward women achieving equal rights with men is winning the right to vote. c. Women should aim to find meaning and fulfillment in their housework and families. d. Women have as much right to defy American laws as the Patriots had to defy the Stamp Act. e. Society, rather than nature, is responsible for the apparent superiority of men over women.

Q: Which of the following is true of the American response to the 1791 uprising in Saint Domingue? a. The Adams administration discouraged the independence of black Haiti. b. Thomas Jefferson celebrated it as another victory for liberty. c. Most white Americans were glad to see France suffer the loss of its colony. d. Most enslaved Americans opposed it for fear it would inspire a white crackdown on slave gatherings. e. Many white Americans considered it evidence of blacks unfitness for republican freedom.

Q: The Sedition Act targeted a. Alexander Hamiltons economic ideas. b. Federalists. c. the Republican press. d. illegal immigrants. e. British sympathizers.

Q: Which of the following rights or freedoms is the focus of the Address of the Democratic-Republican Society of Pennsylvania of December 8, 1974? a. freedom of assembly b. freedom of religion c. freedom of expression d. the right to bear arms e. the right to a trial by jury

Q: Friess Rebellion a. was an uprising in Massachusetts. b. was provoked by heavy taxes on whiskey. c. resulted in over 300 deaths and much property destruction. d. resulted in the execution of John Fries for treason. e. resulted in a loss of support for Federalists in southeastern Pennsylvania.

Q: The candidates in the 1796 election were Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr versus a. James Madison and John Marshall. b. John Adams and Thomas Pinckney. c. John Adams and John Jay. d. James Madison and Thomas Pinckney. e. Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.

Q: The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were a response to a. the election of 1800. b. Hamiltons economic plan. c. the Alien and Sedition Acts. d. Friess Rebellion. e. impressments of American sailors.

Q: In the 1790s, America was involved in what has been called a quasi-war with which nation? a. England b. Spain c. the Netherlands d. France e. Canada

Q: Thomas Jeffersons original Kentucky resolution served as an argument for what? a. freedom of religion b. states rights c. the right to bear arms d. immigration reform e. free trade

Q: What was the significance of the XYZ Affair? a. It soured public opinion toward the Washington administration. b. It heightened concerns about mob rule destroying American liberty. c. It led to the War of 1812. d. It established the right of judicial review. e. It created animosity between America and France.

Q: The Sedition Act of 1798 a. targeted recent arrivals to the United States. b. led to the jailing of Federalist editors. c. was more stringent and oppressive than similar laws in Europe. d. led Jefferson to argue that states, not the federal government, could punish seditious speech. e. was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court two years later.

Q: Which of the following was true of the United States in 1797? a. The two political parties were divided on the role of the government. b. The Federalists dominated the South and Republicans controlled New England. c. England respected American neutrality in regard to the war in Europe. d. John Adams was willing to use the ideas of Thomas Jefferson. e. Adams was eager to have Hamilton as his vice president.

Q: Which of the following was the deciding factor in Thomas Jeffersons victory in the presidential election of 1800? a. his admiration for the Haitian Revolution b. Adam Burrs duel with Alexander Hamilton c. the decline of the Federalist Party d. George Washingtons support for Jefferson e. Alexander Hamilton advocating for his political rival Thomas Jefferson

Q: The passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts was opposed by Thomas Jefferson on what grounds? a. They were certain to lead to a war against France b. They did not give enough power to the unelected judiciary. c. They would stop immigration and, thus, slow population growth. d. They represented a hysteria similar to that seen during the Salem witch trials e. They emboldened newspapers to be too critical of the president.

Q: What brought an end to Washingtons presidency in 1796? a. his wish that the office not become a lifelong position b. his death c. ill health d. a constitutional amendment establishing term limits e. a plunge in popularity following Jays Treaty

Q: In the 1790s, the public sphere a. was mainly limited to debates among famous elites. b. stagnated, because there were not yet post offices to circulate correspondence and newspapers. c. contracted, because the Alien and Sedition Acts succeeded in delegitimizing the right to freedom of expression. d. was celebrated by Federalists and condemned by Republicans. e. expanded, as evidenced by the rapid growth of the American press.

Q: Which of the following was true of newspapers in America during the period from 1790 to 1810? a. The majority soon went bankrupt and ceased publication. b. They were written only for an audience with a college education. c. Their cost was prohibitive for practically all Americans. d. They significantly grew in number. e. The federal government consistently censored them.

Q: The following statement was typical of a certain type of group that formed in the 1790s: That all men are naturally free, and possess equal rights. That all legitimate government originates in the voluntary social compact of the people. Which of the following individuals would have been most likely to agree with these ideas? a. a delegate to the Hartford Convention b. a member of a Democratic-Republic society c. an employee of the Bank of the United States d. a staunch supporter of the Alien and Sedition Acts e. a defender of slavery

Q: How did the French Revolution affect America? a. It resulted in a rush of French immigrants and a strong French influence on American culture. b. It deepened existing political differences in America. c. It was the first time America sent troops to fight on foreign soil. d. It inspired a series of slave revolts throughout the South. e. It inspired the passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Q: The Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s a. criticized the Washington administration. b. spoke out against the French Revolution. c. formed only about a dozen chapters in various cities. d. strongly supported Hamiltons economic program. e. broke up and created the Democratic and Republican Parties by 1797.

Q: Which of the following led directly to the creation of the Republican Party in the 1790s? a. the creation of the Bank of the United States b. speculators profiting from the sales of government bonds c. Shayss Rebellion d. the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions e. Jays Treaty

Q: What is true about the Federalists? a. They were skeptical of Alexander Hamiltons economic program. b. They supported close ties to Britain. c. They opposed George Washingtons administration. d. They were mainly a mix of wealthy southern planters and ordinary farmers from across the territories. e. They rooted their platform in a strong trust in democratic self-rule.

Q: Mary Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of Woman a. was the first pamphlet published in the United States by an American woman. b. was inspired by Thomas Paines Rights of Man. c. won strong support from the Federalist Party. d. strongly challenged traditional gender roles. e. was based on her experiences as a cross-dressing soldier during the Revolutionary War.