Q&A Hero

Q: Who was the first shogun of the Kamakura period? A. Yoritomo B. Minamoto C. Taira D. Yining

Q: What mythical Indian Buddhist sage was the founder of Zen monks lineage? A. Daolong B. Amida C. Chan D. Daruma

Q: What formal elements allow the viewer to understand the narrative in The Tale of Genji (Fig. 12-11)? A. varying textures B. contrasting colors C. open roofs D. diagonal lines

Q: Which influence at Nara led imperial advisors to move the capital to Kyoto near the end of the eighth century? A. Islamic B. Christian C. Daoist D. Buddhist

Q: Although Ise is a popular site for pilgrims, only the imperial family and Shinto priests are allowed into the A. inner shrine. B. outer shrine. C. garden. D. front gate.

Q: The main god worshiped at the Ise Shrine is the sun goddess Amaterasu-o-mi-kami, the legendary progenitor of Japans A. shogun. B. samarai. C. emperor. D. army.

Q: What were Shinto emanations of Buddhist deities, which demonstrate how the Japanese integrated Buddhist ideas into their indigenous belief systems? A. haniwa B. kami C. kofun D. nara

Q: From which culture did the architects of the large imperial tombs of the Kofun period borrow? A. Korean B. Cambodian C. Chinese D. Indian

Q: Which period is known for its coiled clay vessels that probably imitated reed baskets? A. Asuka B. Nara C. Jomon D. Heian

Q: Zen Buddhisms emphasis on individual enlightenment through meditation appealed to the self-disciplined nature of Japans A. aristocrats. B. samurai. C. peasants. D. merchants.

Q: How does the Descent of Amida and the Twenty-Five Bodhisattvas (Fig. 12-15) reflect indigenous Japanese beliefs? A. the emphasis on the surrounding landscape B. the use of gold and color on dark silk C. its association with death and dying D. its use of one-point, linear perspective

Q: Raigo paintings depicting Amida Buddha, accompanied by bodhisattvas who were coming to earth, were commonly A. carried by samurai during the Kamakura period. B. taken to the homes of dying people. C. used in the practice of Esoteric Buddhism. D. gifts from a Buddhist master to students.

Q: What was the purpose of Five-Stringed Lute with Design of a Central Asian Man Playing a Biwa Atop a Camel (Fig. 12-7)? A. samurai inductions B. meditative rituals C. courtly audiences D. consecration ceremonies

Q: Which form of writing is classified as cursive script with graceful lines? A. hiragana B. kana C. kanji D. sutras

Q: What indicates the extensive international exchange that took place during the Nara period? A. the introduction of Buddhism to Japan B. the collection in the Shosoin Imperial Repository in Todoaiji C. the use of imported materials in ritual objects D. the capital cities diminishing populations

Q: How does the Hungry Tigress Jataka (Fig. 12-5) on the Tamamushi shrine reflect Chinese and Korean artistic influence? A. the asymmetry of the design B. the abstracted linear patterning C. the repeated figure of Buddha D. the stylized form of the landscape

Q: How does art of the Heian period demonstrate Japans desire to be less culturally dependent on China? A. the production of haniwa B. the format of handscrolls C. the use of kana D. the mudras of the Buddha

Q: The Womb World Mandala (Fig. 12-8) is an example of paintings that helped teach practitioners the different gods and hierarchical interrelationships in A. Esoteric Buddhism. B. Pure Land Buddhism. C. Zen Buddhism. D. Mahayana Buddhism.

Q: Which structure at Horyuji (Fig. 12-4) is not entered because of its reliquary function? A. the kondo B. the pagoda C the repository D. the stupa

Q: Which cultural development occurred during the Asuka period? A. Buddhism became the state religion. B. A system of writing was created. C. Political ties with China were cut. D. Ceramics were developed for ritual purposes.

Q: What simple form was used to shape vessels of the haniwa figures that surrounded Kofun tombs? A. triangular B. cubic C. circular D. cylindrical

Q: Which characteristic of Japanese art was evident in haniwa figures of the Kofun period? A. innovative glazing techniques B. technical sophistication C. a love of asymmetry D. the preference for wooden sculpture

Q: Chinese writing has maintained the civilizations unity through the centuries because A. ancient script is recognizably close to the characters used today. B. written characters can be understood regardless of variations in spoken dialects C. its use in calligraphy is a source of cultural pride and artistic skill. D. of a cultural emphasis on public literacy and Confucianism.

Q: To what sect of Buddhism can the Altar to Amitabha Buddha (Fig. 11-14) be connected? A. Vajrayana B. Theravada C. Pure Land D. Dharmaguptaka

Q: The pagoda, a typical East Asian Buddhist structure, developed by combining the multi-storied stupa from India with what architectural form from China? A. palace courtyards B. watchtowers C. bracketing systems D. bay systems

Q: What aspect of the reliefs from the Wu family shrine in Jiaxiang reinforces Confucian ideas? A. the lack of detail given to individual figures B. the images demonstrating appropriate social order C. the images drawn from traditional myths and legends D. the use of registers as a compositional device

Q: How does the Neolithic bowl (Fig. 11-2) reveal the advanced technical skills of Chinese potters of the time? A. the type of clay used B. the painted images C. its perfectly round shape D. its condition on discovery

Q: Why did the Buddhist faith draw many new followers when it first spread into China? A. It offered consolation and the promise of salvation to a culture beset by warfare. B. It provided the educated elite an escapist alternative to Confucianism. C. It provided social order and harmony in a morally unjust society. D. It could be practiced without challenging indigenous religious belief systems.

Q: The Painted Banner from the tomb of Marquess of Dai (Fig. 11-7) reflects the worldview of ancient China through complex iconography that A. shows the deceased inhabiting the ideal world of the afterlife. B. glorifies the deceased and her familial ancestors. C. emphasizes the importance of nature in human existence. D. links the human and supernatural realms.

Q: During which dynasty were the ideals of Daoism and Confucianism formulated? A. Han B. Zhou C. Xia D. Shang

Q: What is a distinguishing factor in the study of Chinas history? A. Its geographical terrain is well suited for archaeological excavation. B. Its uninterrupted history that can be traced back 8,000 years. C. It lacked industrial development throughout the Bronze Age. D. Its isolationist tradition limited cultural exchange with foreigners.

Q: What three independent nation-states were established during the Three Kingdoms period?

Q: How did Xia Guis work (Fig. 11-25) contrast with the works created by the Academy of Painters?

Q: How does Xu Daonings work Fishing in a Mountain Stream (Fig. 11-23) create a sense of shifting perspective?

Q: How is the Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva (Fig. 11-21) represented?

Q: What happened to the Chinese people during the period known as Six Dynasties?

Q: What does Confucianism teach?

Q: What was the Silk Road and what was its purpose?

Q: How did Shang priests communicate with the supernatural world?

Q: What is the significance of the tomb of Qin Shihuangdi that has recently been unearthed in China?

Q: Earthenware such as Camel Carrying a Group of Musicians (Fig. 11-19) was used for what purpose during the Tang Dynasty? A. toys for children B. household shrines C. tomb furnishings D. stupa sculptures

Q: The Covered Ritual Wine-Pouring Vessel with Tiger and Owl Decor (Fig. 11-5) was created during which Chinese Bronze Age dynasty? A. Shang B. Zhou C. Xia D. Han

Q: Which work from the tomb of Prince Liu Sheng represents a popular Daoist legend that tells of the Land of the Immortals in the Eastern Sea? A. Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk B. Incense Burner C. Seated Buddha D. Bodhisattva Seated in Meditation

Q: Plum bottles, or maebyeong, of the Goryeo Dynasty in Korea were used for what purpose? A. dry goods B. aesthetic appreciation C. jars for liquids D. incense burners

Q: Which Daoist notion did Xie Hes writings on the importance of the spirit consonance of painting reflect? A. qi B. dao C. xizhi D. li

Q: Traditional Chinese judge a painting above all by the quality of its A. provenance. B. materials. C. subject. D. brushwork.

Q: As was the case in India and China, some of the finest examples of Buddhist art in Korea were produced for A. monks. B. literati. C. royalty. D. artists.

Q: What often appears on Chinese paintings, not as disfigurations, but as an additional layer of interest in the work? A. coat of arms B. punches C. blazons D. seals

Q: Which format can be seen in the detail of Admonitions of the Imperial Instructress to Court Ladies (Fig. 11-11)? A. handscroll B. longscroll C. landscape scroll D. hanging scroll

Q: Which dynasties that were previously thought to be mythic cultures have been established as historical based on recent archaeological discoveries? A. Xia and Shang B. Zhou and Guang C. Xia and Han D. Zhou and Han

Q: Which detail of the Bodhisattva Seated in Meditation (Fig. 11-29) distinguishes it as Korean? A. the crown B. the pose C. the gesture D. the ears

Q: The Buddhist Temple atop Mount Toham, near Gyeongu in Korea, reflects the influence of rock-cut structures in A. Sri Lanka. B. India. C. China. D. Japan.

Q: What characterizes the Northern Song court style of painting under Emperor Huizong? A. a melding of Buddhist and Daoist ideas through a complex iconography B. precise, exquisitely detailed paintings of a variety of subjects C. simplified forms, stark contrasts of light and dark, asymmetry and empty spaces D. extensive copying of paintings from the Sui and Tang dynasties

Q: During which dynasty was figurative subject matter the most common? A. Tang B. Zhou C. Northern Song D. Southern Song

Q: What is the significance of the travelers in Fan Kuans Travelers Among Mountains and Streams (Fig. 11-22)? A. They symbolize the long journey to enlightenment. B. They provide narrative detail to animate the image. C. They call attention to the imposing size of the surrounding mountains. D. Their figures echo the shapes of the trees above them.

Q: In China, calligraphy is closely related to the art of painting and considered A. a source of meditation and spiritual renewal. B. an expression of moral values and philosophical beliefs. C. a reflection of the writers character. D. a necessary requirement to attain enlightenment.

Q: Discuss the style, content, and purpose of Indus Valley seals. What do they reveal about early civilizations?

Q: Compare and contrast the Angkor style in Cambodia with the Dvaravati style in Thailand.

Q: How are Hindu monuments different from Buddhist monuments? Provide examples.

Q: How do representations of Buddha differ throughout South and Southeast Asia?

Q: How would you compare and contrast northern- and southern-style temples?

Q: What was the bhakti movement in Hinduism and how is it reflected in art?

Q: What makes the Rajarajeshvara Temple (Fig. 10-32) a monumental southern-style temple?

Q: Explain the iconography and cultural significance of Shiva Nataraja (Fig. 10-33).

Q: What is depicted on the entrance to the temple of Vishnu at Deogarh (Figs. 10-16 and 10-17)?

Q: Why did the Gandhara and Mathura schools thrive?

Q: Who are the three main deities of Hinduism?

Q: What is a stupa, and what are its primary physical characteristics?

Q: How did Siddhartha Gautama reach enlightenment?

Q: What are the two styles of sculpture that appear in the ancient Indus civilization?

Q: Why did Ashoka erect monuments to Buddha?

Q: What do the locations of the shrines at the Loro Jonggrang (Fig. 10-38) suggest? A. occupation B. status C. wealth D. piety

Q: The palace site of Sigiriya (Fig. 10-19) is located on a plateau in what country? A. Cambodia B. Laos C. Vietnam D. Sri Lanka

Q: In 2001, the Taliban destroyed two colossal statues of Buddha carved from the rock of a cliff in A. Pakistan. B. Afghanistan. C. Uzbekistan. D. India.

Q: What divides the depiction of drunkenness from that of moderation in the relief of Scene of Drunkenness and Moderation (Fig. 10-37)? A. a table B. a tree C. an instrument D. a wine jug

Q: In what style is the temple of Vishnu at Deogarh (Fig. 10-16)? A. northern B. eastern C. western D. southern

Q: The Mathura style of Buddhist sculpture evolved from representations of indigenous male nature deities called A. mudras. B. katras. C. bodhisattvas. D. yakshas.

Q: What are the names for the two types of rock-cut halls that were made for Buddhist monastic communities? A. shikhara and amalaka B. mandapas and plinth C. vihara and chaitya D. torana and garbhagriha

Q: What are Buddhist religious monuments that frequently hold sacred relics and are venerated through circumambulation? A. temples B. viharas C. amalakas D. stupas

Q: On the toranas of the Great Stupa at Sanchi (Fig. 10-9), Jataka tales of the Buddhas past lives are organized according to A. where the action occurred. B. importance of lesson. C. chronological order. D. alphabetical order.