Q&A Hero

Q: According to art historian Gail Hoffman, what features on Head with Remains of Painted Decoration (Fig. 4-3) are related to Cycladic rituals of mourning the dead? A. painted eyes B. presence of a necklace C. red lines D. floral motif

Q: Which cultural influence can be seen in the metalworking skills used to make the Vapheio Cup (Fig. 4-13)? A. Minoan B. Mycenaean C. Egyptian D. Near Eastern

Q: Scholars believe the Bull Leaping mural from the palace of Knossos on Crete represents A. a popular form of entertainment. B. a scene from Minoan legend. C. a fertility ritual or initiation practice. D. a dance of sorrow.

Q: The Bulls-Head Rhyton (Fig. 4-10) would have been used A. to pour ritual libations. B. as a votive statue. C. to carry water. D. as a tomb guardian.

Q: Aegean artists created exquisite luxury goods from imported A. gold. B. beeswax. C. glass. D. marble.

Q: Which of the following was an architectural feature of the palace complex at Knossos? A. marble columns B. fortified outer walls C. corbeled ceilings D. flat roofs

Q: Scholars who think a confederation of aristocrats ruled Minoan civilization during the Old Palace period interpret the palace complex at Knossos as A. the residences of several ruling families. B. sites of religious ceremonies or rituals. C. an administrative complex. D. a commercial district.

Q: Which cultures artistic characteristics seen in the wall paintings found at Akrotiri demonstrate in color and detail a sophisticated decorative sense? A. Minoan B. Trojan C. Mycenaean D. Cycladic

Q: Which term is used to describe the precisely cut blocks used to build Mycenaean tholos tombs? A. rhyton B. ashlar C. faience D. cyclopean

Q: What features suggests a main difference between Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations? A. towers B. citadels C. crenellations D. bunkers

Q: In the Harvester Rhyton (Fig. 4-9) the men might have been marching to the beat of a A. drum. B. flute. C. trumpet. D. sistrum.

Q: In which millennium BCE was the potters wheel introduced to the Minoan world? A. fourth B. third C. second D. first

Q: Which of the following is characteristic of Kamares ware? A. painted military scenes B. extreme thinness C. delicate glazing D. relief carvings

Q: Girl Gathering Saffron Crocus Flowers (Fig. 4-1) demonstrates Aegean cultural practices related to A. a womans entry into adolescence. B. domestic role of women. C. the harvesting of food. D. marriage ceremonies.

Q: What have archaeologists found most helpful in determining dates for their Aegean finds? A. pottery from Kamares B. the volcanic eruption on Thera C. geographic descriptions in the Iliad D. shipwrecks in the Mediterranean

Q: Describe the history of discovery and archeology in Egypt since the arrival of Napoleon.

Q: Examine the role of women in the Egyptian dynastic system. Provide examples from each period.

Q: Discuss the development of Egyptian funerary practices and its related imagery.

Q: Trace the development of Egyptian architecture from the Predynastic period through the New Kingdom.

Q: Explain the reason behind the naming of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt.

Q: What might the Books of the Dead have contained?

Q: Compare and contrast the formal representations of Khafre and Akhenaten.

Q: How was Hatshepsut portrayed in Egyptian royal art?

Q: What was the configuration of the New Kingdom temple?

Q: How might a Middle Kingdom town have been planned?

Q: How is domestic life in the Middle Kingdom represented in tomb art?

Q: How do the ziggurats of Mesopotamia differ from the early pyramids?

Q: What Egyptian artistic conventions appear in Stele of Amenemhat (Fig. 3-18)?

Q: How did Egypt develop from a Paleolithic culture to a dynastic civilization?

Q: What is the significance of the use of gneiss stone in Khafre (Fig. 3-9)? A. It encourages contemplation. B. It increases his status. C. It emphasizes his divinity. D. It enhances his intelligence.

Q: Although the Sphinx of Taharqo (Fig. 3-39) reflects Old Kingdom conventions, the face of the ruler is A. Greek. B. European. C. African. D. Hittite.

Q: The bronze sculpture of the divine priestess Karomama (Fig. 3-38) was decorated with patterns of gold, silver and electrum A. niello. B. paint. C. faience. D. inlay.

Q: The text on the Stele of the Sculptor Userwer (Fig. 3-17) asks the viewer to A. kneel before the image. B. abandon belief in Aten. C. let him rest in peace. D. make offerings.

Q: What was most likely the original function of the bust of Nefertiti (Fig. 3-30)? A. a model B. a votive C. an observer D. a mannequin

Q: Which Egyptian period saw dramatic changes in the conventions used in royal art? A. Intermediate B. Aswan C. Middle D. Amarna

Q: What new theme is represented in the relief Akhenaten and His Family (Fig. 3-28)? A. monometallism B. monochromatism C. monotheism D. monasticism

Q: Along with possessing a religious meaning, pictorial reliefs in tombs also A. demonstrated the gods favor. B. proclaimed the deceaseds importance. C. acted as family portraits. D. warned tomb robbers of consequences.

Q: Walls of the tomb of Queen Nefertari are covered with A. faience panels. B. enamel. C. relief sculpture. D. paintings.

Q: What is the Egyptian symbol of everlasting life? A. scarab B. ankh C. faience D. wedjat

Q: Which structure was moved to higher ground in the 1960s when the Aswan High Dam was built? A. Temple of Hatshepsut B. Sphinx of Taharqo C. Temple of Ramses II D. Step Pyramid

Q: What technique did Egyptian glassmakers use to produce early glass objects such as the Fish-Shaped Perfume Bottle (Fig. 3-31)? A. core-formed B. slumping C. blowing D. casting

Q: The active pose of the Butcher (Fig. 3-12) may signify both A. equality with the pharaoh and being a member of the royal family. B. ability to perform a task for eternity and low social standing. C. high social standing and great intellectual capacity. D. high status among laborers and a relationship to the gods.

Q: What design was used in New Kingdom temples to create a processional path from the outside to the inner sanctuary where only priests and kings were allowed? A. circular B. labyrinthine C. axial D. stepped

Q: Which style did the artists use to create the lesser-ranked servants in Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt (Fig. 3-13)? A. stylized B. idealism C. abstraction D. realism

Q: Canopic jars were special containers in tombs that were used to hold A. food. B. bodily organs. C. gold coins. D. the ka.

Q: One of the tests that Egyptians had to undergo to enter successfully into the afterlife was to A. have their hearts weighed against the feather of truth. B. create an inventory of all of their possessions. C. list their good deeds. D. speak with their ancestors.

Q: Which object commemorates the unification of Egypt and signals the beginning of the dynastic period? A. The Palette of Narmer B. Akhenaten and His Family C. Queen Nefertari Making an Offering to Hathor D. Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt

Q: What adorns the capitals of the columns that support the roof of the Great Hall at Karnak? A. rose bud B. volute C. papyrus D. lotus bud

Q: The first ruler to call himself pharaoh was A. Tutankhamun I. B. Thutmose III. C. Menkaure II. D. Khafre IV.

Q: The Great Sphinx is thought to be a portrait of A. Menkaure. B. Cheops. C. Khufu. D. Khafre.

Q: Who was the first architect in history to be known by name? A. Imhotep B. Narmer C. Menes D. Hasan

Q: How were rulers typically portrayed in the Old Kingdom? A. slightly effeminate B. athletic and youthful C. older and wise D. smiling and compassionate

Q: After the unification, Egyptian history is divided into A. dynasties. B. eras. C. periods. D. cantos.

Q: King Tutankhamuns mummified body was enclosed in three nested coffins; the innermost was made of A. silver. B. gold. C. wood. D. bronze.

Q: Consider the style and purpose of the female figures portrayed in Head of a Woman (Fig. 2-3), Carved Vessel (Fig. 2-4), and Assurbanipal and His Queen in the Garden (Fig. 2-18). What do these images suggest about the role of women in Mesopotamia?

Q: Discuss the form, iconography, and style of the figure of Gudea as seen in Figure 2-12.

Q: Discuss the development of Mesopotamian architecture and city development from Sumer to Persia.

Q: Discuss the religious beliefs and funerary practices of the Mesopotamians, and describe how Mesopotamian art reflects the regions history and beliefs. Provide at least one example of architecture and one example of sculpture.

Q: Trace the development of the various cultures that inhabited Mesopotamia from the Assyrians to the Persians.

Q: What types of Persian art show the Persians high level of technical and artistic sophistication?

Q: What were some of the significant features of the palace complex of Sargon II?

Q: What story does the Stele of Naram-Sin tell?

Q: What did the mutilations of the Head of a Man (Fig. 2-1o) mean?

Q: How is trade exemplified in the Great Lyre with Bulls Head (Figs. 2-6A and B)?

Q: How did agriculture change the face of culture in the Fertile Crescent?

Q: Why was Mesopotamia vulnerable to political upheaval?

Q: In the ancient Near East, why was there a need to control the water supply of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?

Q: In the image of Enemies Crossing the Euphrates to Escape Assyrian Archers (Fig. 2-15), what device is used to convey spatial depth? A. closed outlines B. different viewpoints C. large-scale animals D. overlapping swimmers

Q: Cylinder seals, which were often buried with the dead, were signs of A. favor of the gods. B. belief in the afterlife. C. status or high office. D. penance.

Q: Which object, taken by an Elamite king, demonstrated the importance of art objects as military booty? A. Disk of Enheduanna (Fig. 2-9) B. Stele of Naram-Sin (Fig. 2-1) C. Votive Statue of Gudea (Fig. 2-12) D. Stele of Hammurabi (Fig. 2-13)

Q: The Persians won the loyalty of their subjects by tolerating A. relaxed punishment toward slaves. B. trade with the Greeks. C. local chieftains and advisors. D. native customs and religions.

Q: Which ruler conquered the Persian Empire in 334 BCE? A. Alexander the Great B. Xerxes C. Sargon II D. Gudea

Q: What were most of the buildings in Kalhu built from? A. cut marble B. alabaster C. bitumen D. mud bricks

Q: In the Stele of Hammurabi, Hammurabi stands before the seated god Shamash in an attitude of A. submission. B. defeat. C. prayer. D. solidarity.

Q: A beautiful copper alloy head, which is the earliest major work of hollow-cast sculpture known in the ancient Near East, dates from the time of A. Darius. B. Nebuchadnezzar. C. Ashurbanipal. D. Sargon.

Q: What did the Sumerians use to produce cuneiform writing? A. stylus B. seal C. picture stamp D. chisel

Q: The first domestication of grains occurred in the area known as the A. Fertile Crescent. B. Kalhu. C. Zagros Mountains. D. Persia.

Q: The relief of Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute (Fig. 2-23) exemplifies Persian arts emphasis on A. the divinity of the king. B. military power. C. allegiance and economic prosperity. D. multicultural tolerance.

Q: Which city was Nebuchadnezzar II responsible for transforming into one of the most splendid of its day? A. Ur B. Persepolis C. Babylon D. Nineveh

Q: The lion hunting scene of Assurnasirpal II (Fig. 2-14) marks a shift in Mesopotamian art from a sense of timeless solemnity toward greater A. political content. B. emotional drama. C. historical accuracy. D. interest in individuals.