Q&A Hero

Q: The disadvantage of special schools is the absence of A. new technology B. updated textbooks C. recreational activities D. contact with peers

Q: The ______ room provides supplemental instruction after the individual with mental retardation has spent the majority of his or her day in the general education classroom.A. resourceB. instructionalC. personnelD. special services

Q: Mrs. Blache travels weekly to several schools providing instructional services as needed to students who have special needs. Ms. Blache is most likely aA. itinerant teacherB. special instructions teacherC. tutorD. general education teacher

Q: A programmed reader, a job-related mathematics book, or any material or hardware that allows the teacher to individualize instruction is calledA. personnel supportsB. individualized education plansC. resource plansD. instructional supports

Q: The Twenty Fourth Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (2004) reflects a significant increase in the number of students with disabilities currently being served inA. private settingsB. institutionsC. general education settingsD. special education settings

Q: The goal of the movement toward more _____ education for students with mental retardation is to provide them with educational opportunities that will maximize their potential.A. exclusiveB. inclusiveC. appropriateD. special

Q: Dylan is an individual with borderline mental retardation. He attends public school in a regular class setting due to his ability to interact in a socially acceptable manner and maintain average grades with the assistance of a private tutor. Most special educators would agree that Dylan is in hisA. comfort zoneB. least restrictive environmentC. most restrictive settingD. least restrictive curriculum

Q: A written document summarizing a student's learning program is called a (n) A. individualized education program (IEP) B. Regular Education Initiative (REI) C. curriculum D. special service plan

Q: Behavioral curricula are based on the theory that a child"˜s learning can be enhanced by manipulating the events in the child"˜s environment. a. True b. False

Q: The majority of young children enter preschool with effective communication skills. a. True b. False

Q: A disadvantage of the ecological/functional curriculum is that it does not recognize diversities in family cultures, languages, values, and ethnic backgrounds. a. True b. False

Q: One of the common factors affecting children who are at risk include the socioeconomic status of the family. a. True b. False

Q: It is not necessary to use both formal and informal methods of assessment with infants and young children with disabilities. a. True b. False

Q: Early intervention services may proceed even without the written consent of parents if the child's health or life is at risk. a. True b. False

Q: The Infant Component of Part B of IDEA requires states to serve children at risk for substantial development delay. a. True b. False

Q: Research shows that the benefits of daily early educational intervention in the first 5 years of life can improve a child's intellectual performance and academic performance at least until early adolescence.a. Trueb. False

Q: According to Barnett high-quality early education programs positively affect children's intelligence quotient, school achievement, grade retention, placement in special education, and social competence. a. True b. False

Q: Montessori, Forebel, and Hall were among the first researchers to recognize the significance of a child's early years. a. True b. False

Q: Guidelines recommended for early childhood education programs by the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) are referred to asA. Developmentally Appropriate Practices (DAP)B. Division for Early Childhood with the Council for Exceptional Children (DEC)C. Individualized Education Plan (IEP)D. Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)

Q: Noah is taught at home, school, and is also involved in lessons at the neighboring church. This intervention package is based on a(n)A. behavioral curriculumB. cognitive-developmental curriculumC. ecological/functional curriculumD. environmental curriculum

Q: A set of experiences that are designed to accomplish specific developmental or learning objectives is termedA. curriculumB. Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP)C. Individualized Education Program (IEP)D. education plan

Q: Professionals consider center-based programs most appropriate for A. newborns B. preschool-age children C. adults D. adolescents

Q: Newborns who are at high risk and who may be placed in a neonatal intensive care unit for specialized care are receivingA. hospital-based servicesB. home-based servicesC. center-based servicesD. a combination of home-and-center based services

Q: What is developed by a multidisciplinary team with the assistance of the child's parents or guardians, and detailing the year's plan for the child with disabilities aged birth to two and their families?A. Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP)B. precision teachingC. family-directed assessmentD. Individualized Education Program

Q: An ecological approach that evaluates the child's ability to learn in a teaching situation rather than evaluating what the child already knows in a testing situation is termedA. play-based assessmentB. dynamic assessmentC. family assessmentD. judgment based assessment

Q: _______ offers a useful, natural method for evaluating young children who have disabilities or who are at risk.A. judgment based assessmentB. curriculum-based assessmentC. norm-referenced testingD. play-based assessment

Q: Measuring the child's skills against pre-established levels of mastery is called A. early intervention B. criterion-referenced testing C. early childhood special education D. play-based assessment

Q: Tests which measure a child's mastery of a specific set of tasks or skills and are useful for program planning are termedA. curriculum-based instrumentsB. norm-referenced testsC. achievement testsD. adaptive tests

Q: What type of measurement compares a child's performance to a norm group, comprised of children with many similar attributes of the child being tested?A. norm-referenced testsB. criterion-referenced testsC. intellectual testsD. achievement tests

Q: An objective, systematic procedure for determining the progress of the children and the effectiveness of the total intervention program is known asA. assessmentB. summative evaluationC. program evaluationD. none of the above

Q: Valdia began speaking at three years old and took her first steps at age four. She can be described asA. at riskB. mentally retardedC. developmentally delayedD. autistic

Q: In order for the term developmental delay to be used the child must have delays in which of the following areas?A. emotional, familial, language, physical, social, or speechB. familial, language, physical, self-help, social, or speechC. behavioral, community, language, physical, psychological, or speechD. cognitive, language, physical, psychosocial, self-help, or speech

Q: A child who is in danger of substantial developmental delay because of medical, biological, or environmental factors if early intervention services are not provided isA. at riskB. mentally retardedC. disabledD. behavior disordered

Q: An ongoing and informal process in which workers from many disciplines contribute information is known asA. assessmentB. qualificationC. evaluationD. screening

Q: The process of collecting information about a child for the purpose of making critical decisions regarding the child is known asA. evaluationB. assessmentC. program planningD. none of the above

Q: Michaela lives in an extremely impoverished neighborhood with an abusive mother. This is an example of a child that presents withA. a biological riskB. an economic and social riskC. an environmental riskD. an established risk

Q: At birth Brandon only weighed 3 pounds. This is an example of a child that presents withA. a biological riskB. an economic and social riskC. an environmental riskD. an established risk

Q: Children who have known genetic and biomedical conditions that affect their lives are categorized asA. a biological riskB. an economic and social riskC. an environmental riskD. an established risk

Q: Part C of IDEA emphasizes the role of theA. school in the education of the infant or toddler who has special needsB. parents in the education of the infant or toddler who has special needsC. hospital in the education of the infant or toddler who has special needsD. social services in the education of the infant or toddler who has special needs

Q: Jonah is a five-year-old boy with an intellectual disability in need of programs and services for his special needs. Which of the following should be developed for him?A. Individual Family Service PlanB. Individualized Education ProgramC. early interventionD. curriculum-based assessment

Q: The preschool component of IDEA is A. mandatory and now includes children ages 3 to 5 B. voluntary and now includes children ages 3 to 9 C. mandatory and now includes children ages birth to 5 D. voluntary and now includes children ages birth to 5

Q: The amendment that extended the developmental delay state option for children aged 3 to 9 was A. PL 94-142 B. PL 99-457 C. PL 104-14 D. PL 105-17

Q: The amendment that extended special education services to children who were 3 to 5 years old was A. PL 94-142 B. PL 99-457 C. PL 104-14 D. PL 105-17

Q: The system of services that is usually provided for children and families in need is called A. mastery learning B. Individualized Education Program C. family-directed assessment D. early intervention

Q: What is the period of utmost importance in the development of intellectual and social skills? A. birth to six months B. eight months to three years C. eighteen months to two years D. one to three years

Q: What percentage of a child's total intellectual capacity has been developed by age four? A. 20% B. 30% C. 40% D. 50%

Q: A system of services for special needs children, birth through 5 years of age is called A. early childhood special education B. early intervention C. transition D. special needs services

Q: In recent years early childhood special education has experienced phenomenal growth due to A. research support for early education B. evolving social policies on early education C. expanding legislation and an increasing number of early intervention programs D. all of the above

Q: Physical inclusion of persons with severe intellectual disabilities leads naturally to peer acceptance. a. True b. False

Q: People with severe intellectual disabilities experience many life stressors that show a low correlation with emotional health. a. True b. False

Q: The tools of behavioral psychology have demonstrated minimal success in teaching a wide array of adaptive behaviors and decreasing challenging behaviors. a. True b. False

Q: The development of language has an impact on other cognitive processes such as memory and problem solving. a. True b. False

Q: When conducting behavioral assessments, it is important to disregard factors such as relationships and pleasure activities. a. True b. False

Q: Challenging behaviors are often eliminated by teaching adaptive behaviors such as communication, choice-making, and social skills. a. True b. False

Q: Severe mental retardation is usually environmentally based, and people with severe mental retardation often experience few disabilities. a. True b. False

Q: Environmental deprivation is not usually an associated factor for people with severe intellectual disabilities. a. True b. False

Q: Impulse control disorders, anxiety disorders, and mood disorders are cited as having a high rate of occurrence in individuals with severe to profound intellectual disabilities. a. True b. False

Q: Positive inclusion experiences can benefit non-disabled peers as well as students with severe intellectual disabilities. a. True b. False

Q: The practice of judging the value of an educational program by the progress each child makes is called A. educational outcomes B. outcomes-based assessment C. equal evaluation D. natural consequences

Q: Joshua is learning to identify price tags in the classroom. This training is called A. community-referenced instruction B. task analysis C. community-based instruction D. graduated guidance

Q: A policy of all students being educated in inclusive environments 100% of the time, without regard to the severity of the disability is termed A. right to education act B. full inclusion C. no child left behind act D. special accommodations

Q: A student who takes part in _______ may actually go to a grocery store to shop during school hours A. community-referenced instruction B. community-based instruction C. functional curriculum D. generalization

Q: The fading process involved in physical assistance is termed A. priming B. graduated guidance C. gestural prompt D. shaping

Q: Mark is learning how to tie his shoes. While learning how to tie his shoes, his teacher gives him a peppermint each time he completes a step. This process is called A. modeling B. gestural prompts C. task analysis D. functional analysis

Q: Applying skills learned in one setting to other situations is known as A. generalization B. modeling C. adaptation D. adaptive learning

Q: Teaching everyday life skills in order to maximize the student's potential for independence is termed A. task analysis B. functional curriculum C. educational needs D. skills training

Q: Research indicates that communication skills are learned more quickly and are retained for longer period of time when A. simulated approaches are used B. naturalistic approaches are used C. community-based approaches are used D. home-based approaches are used

Q: The most commonly used methods of non-verbal communication among individuals with intellectual disabilities are A. crying and tantrumming B. aggression and self-injurious behaviors C. self-stimulatory behaviors D. gesturing and manual signing

Q: Among individuals with intellectual disabilities communication attempts are more likely to occur when the person A. is irritable B. is hungry C. wants to access an object or request assistance D. is in a home setting

Q: The rate of speech and language disorders among individuals with severe mental retardation is estimated atA. 100 %B. 90 %C. 80%D. 65%

Q: The definitive diagnostic source for psychiatric disorders is A. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual"IV B. The New England Encyclopedia of Disorders"Revised C. The Psychiatric Disorders Manual"V D. The Encyclopedia of Diagnoses and Treatment"III

Q: Mental illness is thought to occur at a _____ in individuals with intellectual disabilities than in the general population A. lower rate B. higher rate C. later age D. none of the above

Q: The first step in developing a behavior modification plan is A. functional assessment B. behavioral psychology C. behavior analysis D. environmental analysis

Q: Keisha's psychologist directly observes her behavior while she is in the classroom setting. She also interviews Keisha's teacher and parents concerning her maladaptive behaviors. Keisha's psychologist is conducting a(n)A. outcomes-based assessmentB. environmental analysisC. functional assessmentD. ecological model

Q: Social attention, escape from demands, access to tangibles, and self-stimulation or sensory reinforcement are known as A. functions of behavior B. aberrant behaviors C. inappropriate behaviors D. all of the above

Q: The study of environmental events that change behavior is known as A. functional assessment B. behavioral psychology C. behavior analysis D. environmental analysis

Q: Janet demonstrates a repetitive pattern of rocking back and forth while flipping her hair. The behavior she is engaging in is termed A. agitation B. self-injury C. self-stimulation D. adaptive behavior

Q: People with severe intellectual disabilities sometimes develop A. serious cancers of the skin B. academic skills to the extent they no longer need specialized instruction C. physical symptoms such as cerebral palsy or spina bifida D. difficult behaviors such as aggression and self-injury

Q: Severe intellectual disabilities is usually biologically based, and these individuals often experience A. few disabilities B. multiple disabilities C. no disabilities D. lung and heart problems

Q: Medical conditions that are present from birth are known as A. genetic B. acquired C. progressive D. congenital