Q&A Hero

Q: Resilience seems to be heightened by: a. Easy temperament and maternal warmth. b. Easy temperament and paternal warmth. c. Withdrawn temperament and maternal warmth. d. Withdrawn temperament and paternal warmth.

Q: A current trend in language intervention is an emphasis on: a. Articulation b. Pragmatics c. Prosody d. Semantics

Q: When several risk factors co-occur, their effects are: a. Additivive b. Exponential c. Multiplicative d. Separate

Q: Stereotypy seems to serve the primary purpose of providing: a. Release of anxiety. b. Sensory feedback. c. Social interaction. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

Q: Parental discipline is crucial, but not a perfect predictor of child behavior.

Q: Self stimulation is considered normal or pathological depending on: a. Intensity. b. Social context. c. Rate. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

Q: Undesirable parenting can be a reaction to a deviant child.

Q: Individuals with self-injurious behaviors seldom have well developed: a. Cognitive processing. b. Gross motor skills. c. Oral language. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

Q: Reciprocity of influence refers to the way in which children influence parent behaviors.

Q: Schizophrenia in children is generally believed to be the result of childhood trauma.

Q: Family form has a very strong effect on emotional development.

Q: The federal definition of emotional disturbance includes schizophrenia.

Q: Being raised by a lesbian mother has been shown to cause maladjustment.

Q: Self-injurious behavior may be the result of biochemical deficiencies.

Q: Children in substitute care are at high risk for developing EBD.

Q: Self-injurious behavior occurs only in individuals with multiple disabilities.

Q: Children in single parent households are at greater risk for EBD than children in two-parent households.

Q: Self-stimulation may or may not require intervention.

Q: Children whose parents are divorced have lower scholastic aptitude, perform less well in school, and have less confidence in their academic abilities than do children from intact families.

Q: Antipsychotic drugs have proven especially effective children and youth with schizophrenia.

Q: Birth order is an important predictor of EBD.

Q: Primary prevention of schizophrenia consists mainly of psychopharmacological treatment.

Q: Family is best defined by structure.

Q: The onset of schizophrenia is often insidious.

Q: Recent research has focused on the general processes that form the basis of child psychopathology.

Q: Schizophrenia cannot be diagnosed in children.

Q: The impact of environmental conditions on a child depends on the degree of risk they experience from other factors.

Q: In the federal definition, autism is subsumed under EBD.

Q: In an intact family, parental discord may exert a more pernicious influence than parental separation.

Q: A less severe form of depression not characterized by a major depressive episode is referred to as: a. Dysphoria b. Dysthymia c. Enuresis d. Mania

Q: Separation between parent(s) and child does not always impair a child's development.

Q: Depression: a. Decreases in prevalence with age. b. Increases in prevalence with age. c. Remains constant in prevalence across ages.

Q: Family characteristics are the best predictors of EBD.

Q: Depression in childhood: a. Is expressed through enuresis, hyperactivity, and LD. b. Is relatively nonexistant. c. Parallels adult depression in trajectory and behaviors. d. Parallels adult depression with developmentally appropriate behaviors.

Q: A child's unique temperament is generally observable, and influences those around him or her: a. From birth. b. By the age of 18 months to 2 years. c. By the time they enter kindergarten. d. As they enter puberty.

Q: Dysphoria is: a. Feelings of happiness and unwellness not consistent with one's circumstances. b. Feelings of unhappines or unwellness not consistent with one's circumstances. c. Feelings of unhappiness or unwellness consistent with one's circumstances. d. Feelings of unhappiness and wellness not consistent with one's circumstances.

Q: Teachers should be a part of an overall plan to treat certain disorders with medication by: a. Providing information to parents and physicians on the classroom effects of medication b. Administering medications at school as needed. c. Suggesting to parents that their child might benefit from medication d. Teachers should not involve themselves in children's treatment with medication.

Q: Euphoria and frenetic activity are known as: a. Dysphoria b. Dysthymia c. Enuresis d. Mania

Q: Temperament may play a role in the development of EBD, but only in a. The absence of appropriate nurturing. b. The absence of TBI. c. Certain environments. d. Conjunction with environment.

Q: Dysphoria that lasts for a protracted period of time but does not reach an intense level is called: a. Dysphoria b. Dysthymia c. Enuresis d. Mania

Q: An easy or positive temperament has been associated with: a. Academic success. b. Cognitive functioning. c. Resilience. d. Social conditioning.

Q: Unipolar depressive disorders vary between: a. Normal and extreme dysphoria. b. Extreme dysphoria and extreme euphoria. c. Normal and extreme euphoria.

Q: EBD develops in children with: a. Aggressive temperaments. b. Avoidant temperaments. c. High energy temperaments. d. Low energy temperaments. e. Any kind of temperament.

Q: Children and adolescents with long standing depression may also exhibit: a. Greater anxiety. b. Increased acting-out behaviors. c. Lower self-esteem. d. All of the above. e. Only A and C.

Q: Temperament includes: a. Activity level. b. Approach or withdrawal. c. Cognitive functioning. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

Q: Bipolar disorders vary between: a. Normal and extreme dysphoria. b. Extreme dysphoria and extreme euphoria. c. Normal and extreme euphoria. d. None of the above.

Q: In general: a. Adequate nutrition is crucial; excluding certain food substances seldom is. b. Adequate nutrition is crucial; excluding certain food substances is also crucial. c. Adequate nutrition is important as is excluding certain food substances.

Q: In prepubescent children, the prevalence of depression is: a. About the same in boys and girls. b. Is higher among boys than girls. c. Is higher among girls than boys.

Q: EBD can be caused by: a. Food allergies. b. Caffeine excesses. c. Sugar excesses. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

Q: By age 15, the prevalence of depression is: a. About the same in boys and girls. b. Is higher among boys than girls. c. Is higher among girls than boys.

Q: Malnutrition can cause: a. Apathy. b. Brain damage. c. Retardation. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

Q: When students display depressed affects, they tend to: a. Act unusually sad, lonely, and apathetic. b. Avoid demanding tasks and social experiences. c. Express comments that indicate low self-esteem, excessive guilt, and pessimism. d. All of the above. e. Only A and C

Q: TBI should be addressed using: a. Brain surgery. b. Drug therapy. c. Environmental modifications. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

Q: In addition to generally depressed affects, students suffering from depression may: a. Act out and appear irritable. b. Act out and appear angry. c. "Act in" and appear irritable. d. "Act in" and appear angry.

Q: Effects of TBI include: a. Inappropriate manners, failure to understand humor, and schizophrenia. b. Inappropriate manners, failure to understand humor, and unreasonable fear. c. Inappropriate manners, schizophrenia, and unreasonable fear. d. Schizophrenia, failure to understand humor, and unreasonable fear.

Q: Childhood depression is linked to a. Child abuse. b. Family conflict. c. Parental psychopathology. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B

Q: The severity of TBI depends on: a. Part of brain injured, severity of damage, and age at injury. b. Part of brain injured, gender of injured, and age at injury. c. Part of brain injured, severity of damage, and gender of injured. d. Gender of injured, severity of damage, and age at injury.

Q: The fact that depression runs in families reflects: a. Depressed mothers who lack parenting skills. b. Family interactions that foster depression. c. Genetic influences on behavior. d. All of the above. e. Only B and C.

Q: Cerebral trauma is synonymous with: a. Craniocerebral trauma. b. Traumatic brain injury. c. Traumatic head injury. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

Q: In comparison to nondepressed parents, depressed parents are: a. Less inconsistent, lax, and ineffective in child management. b. Less inconsistent, lax, and more ineffective in child management. c. More inconsistent, lax, and equally effective in child management. d. More inconsistent, lax, and ineffective in child management.

Q: TBI stands for: a. Traumatic Brain Injury. b. Treatable Brain Injury. c. Traumatic Broad-spectrum Injury. d. Treatable Broad-spectrum Injury.

Q: When children exhibit a depressed attributional style, they tend to believe that bad outcomes are: a. A result of someone else's inadequacies. b. A result of their own inadequacies. c. A result of unalterable inadequacies. d. All of the above. e. Only B and C.

Q: The brain can be traumatized by: a. High fever. b. Infectious disease. c. Toxic chemicals. d. All of the above. e. Only B and C.

Q: In Kaslow's schema for assessing depression, priority is given to: a. Activity level and then social skills. b. Self-control and then activity level. c. Self-control and then social skills. d. Social skills and then activity level.

Q: The brain can be traumatized: a. After birth. b. Before birth. c. During birth. d. All of the above. e. Only A & B.

Q: Between the ages of 15 and 24, the leading cause(s) of death is (are): a. Accidents and homicide. b. Depression. c. Suicide. d. None of the above.

Q: For most types of EBD: a. Genetic contributions remain clear and environmental factors remain far more important for educators. b. Genetic contributions remain clear and environmental factors remain far less important for educators. c. Genetic contributions remain unclear and environmental factors remain far more important for educators. d. Genetic contributions remain unclear and environmental factors remain far less important for educators.

Q: Suicide rates are higher for: a. Girls than boys. b. Married teens than unmarried teens. c. White youth than Native American youth. d. All of the above. e. Only A and C.

Q: Genes have been suggested as causal factors in: a. Attention deficits. b. Criminality. c. Hyperactivity. d. Schizophrenia. e. All of the above.

Q: Parasuicides are more common for males than females.

Q: Tourette's disorder is a neurological disorder characterized by: a. Tics, depression, compulsions, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. b. Tics, obsessions, compulsions, hyperactivity, and depression. c. Tics, obsessions, compulsions, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. d. Tics, obsessions, depression, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Q: Accidents are the leading cause of death among adolescents in the 15 to 24 age bracket.

Q: Biological factors affect behavior only in interaction with a. Environmental factors. b. Medical factors. c. Physiological factors. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

Q: Chronic childhood depression has no relationship with adult maladjustment.

Q: Subtle brain injury during birth can be associated with juvenile delinquency.

Q: Depression and failure may become a vicious cycle that is difficult to break.

Q: Physical insult during an accident of birth may destroy brain tissue and contribute to EBD.

Q: Depression is not related to performance on cognitive tasks.

Q: For most types of EBD, the genetic contributions remain unclear and environmental factors appear to be much more important for educators.

Q: Evidence suggests that childhood depression and adult religiosity are related.