Q&A Hero

Q: Discuss the significance of the Battle Scene, Hide Painting (Fig. 27-17).

Q: Discuss the traditional and European approaches of modern Native American artists, like Julia Jumbo, Jaune Quick-to-See Smith, and Bill Reid. How do they incorporate form, media, and symbolism?

Q: What are the common traits of the art of different Native American peoples?

Q: What features did the Aztecs and Incas share in their art and architecture, and what effect did the Spanish Conquest have on the art and architecture of those cultures?

Q: What was the significance of the number 4 in Southwestern cultures?

Q: Why is the Navajo Night Chant important and who sings it?

Q: Describe the communal houses of Northwest Coast peoples.

Q: How did the idea of craft influence European and American artists of the twentieth century?

Q: What was the symbolism of basketry in Pomo culture?

Q: What are some qualities of the art of Plains people?

Q: What kinds of Inca art survived the Spanish invasion?

Q: What were the building traditions of the Incas?

Q: What do we know about the ceremonial complexes of the Aztecs?

Q: What are some impacts of the arrival of Europeans in Mesoamerica?

Q: The beadwork Baby Carrier (Fig. 27-13) from the Eastern Sioux features what symbol of protection against both human and supernatural adversaries? A. antelope B. buffalo C. thunderbird D. raven

Q: For the people of the Great Plains, what is the purpose of the hole in the top of a tipi? A. It assisted the clan in meditation and prayer. B. It served as a smoke hole for a central hearth. C. It allowed them to see the moon at night. D. They did not devise a way to cover this, so they left it open.

Q: Which artist created the bronze sculpture The Spirit of Haida Gwaii (Fig. 27-26), which stands outside the Canadian Embassy in Washington, D.C.? A. Bill Reid B. Hosteen Klah C. Jaune Quick-to-See Smith D. Ramona Sakiestewa

Q: The Whirling Log Ceremony sand painting (Fig. 27-24), woven into tapestry, depicts part of the creation myth of the A. Abenaki. B. Pueblo. C. Iroquois. D. Navajo.

Q: What medium do Navajo painters use to create paintings that are not meant to be seen by the public and are destroyed by nightfall on the day on which they are made? A. water B. sand C. ink D. acrylic

Q: What kind of ceramic style did Pueblo artist Maria Montoya Martinez develop? A. stoneware B. whiteware C. roundware D. blackware

Q: According to the Kwakwakawakw culture, which of the following is a cannibal spirit? A. Kwatee B. Hamatsa C. Wendego D. Sedna

Q: What of the following was characteristic of Aztec manuscripts? A. Books bound with elaborately decorated gold and silver covers B. Accordion-pleated books that could be opened to show multiple pages C. Binders with individual pages that could be organized in multiple ways D. Pages filled with colorful checkerboard patterns that held symbolic meaning

Q: Which statement best describes the interests of Native American Jaune Quick-to-See Smith as evidenced in her The Red Mean: Self-Portrait (Fig. 27-25)? A. She wants to revive native traditions and art forms in contemporary art. B. She emphasizes the functional/craft role of Native American art. C. She makes art that reflects her ethnic identity, as well as its relationship to Western culture. D. She argues her Native American ancestry is irrelevant to her role as a contemporary artist.

Q: In the late nineteenth century, how did the Canadian government respond to the Kwakwakawakws Winter Ceremony? A. It outlawed the ceremony as dangerous to the welfare of children. B. It marketed the ceremony as a tourist attraction to bolster the local economy. C. It officially recognized the ceremony as part of Canadas cultural heritage. D. It aided in reviving the ceremony in efforts to preserve traditional culture.

Q: How are Hamatsa masks of the Northwest Coast Kwakwakawakw culture traditionally used? A. They hang in the tribes great house. B. They sit on a spirit altar during ceremonies. C. They are worn in ritual dances. D. They act as guardians outside of buildings.

Q: Which of the following was considered womens art until the twentieth century? A. Pueblo pottery production B. Chilkat Tlingit blanket weaving C. Navajo sand painting D. belts and strings made from wampum

Q: Which of the following methods did the Incas use to communicate tribute, census, history, poetry, and astronomy? A. a written language based on pictographs B. visual images recorded on stele and in manuscripts C. knotted and colored cords called khipus D. cylindrical purple and white shell beads called wampum

Q: How did the Spaniards influence the art of Navajo weaving? A. They imposed taxes on Navajo textile production. B. They preferred ornamental patterns related to Islamic traditions. C. They introduced sheep to the native culture. D. They introduced of new weaving techniques.

Q: After the Spanish invasion, what works did Aztec craftspeople begin creating with Christian subjects? A. gold and silver sculptures B. feather paintings C. woven textiles D. manuscripts

Q: Which of the following abruptly changed life on the Great Plains in 1869? A. warriors B. farms C. railway D. gold

Q: Which people formed a powerful confederation of five Native American nations and played a prominent role until after the American Revolution? A. Plains B. Apache C. Navajo D. Iroquois

Q: What animals did the Incas utilize as pack animals on steep mountain slopes? A. llamas B. sheep C. horses D. donkeys

Q: What did the Incas deem a fitting offering for the gods? A. lintels B. rocks C. cloth D. wattle

Q: What characteristic of Inca masonry identified a structure as a place of honor or worship? A. smooth B. irregular C. continuous D. rough

Q: What helped unify the Inca Empire? A. royal estates B. central plazas C. waterways D. roadways

Q: What defines Aztec art? A. silken textures B. dynamic compositions C. dull colors D. realistic forms

Q: On The Founding of Tenochtitlan page of the Codex Mendoza (Fig. 27-3), what do the four diagonal lines that meet in the center represent, in terms of the citys division? A. temples B. gaming areas C. waterways D. houses

Q: What kind of religion did the Aztecs practice? A. idolatry B. transcendentalism C. monotheism D. pantheism

Q: The Calendar Stone (Fig. 27-2) shows that the Aztecs viewed time A. cyclically. B. linearly. C. statically. D. vertically.

Q: Which folding screen format from the Edo period was a triumph of scale and practicality and could be folded for storage and transportation? A. two-panel B. one-panel C. six-panel D. four-panel

Q: The Rock Garden at Ryoanji, Kyoto (Fig. 26-4) has been interpreted as representing A. people on horseback. B. monsters on lands. C. animals in the sky. D. islands in the sea.

Q: What material, applied to wood or leather in thin coats, is ideal for storage containers or vessels for food and drink? A. monochrome paint B. lacquer C. porcelain D. bronze

Q: The landscape paintings of the Edo period reflect the interest in Chinese culture and ideas associated with Daoism of the A. aristocrats. B. literati. C. samurais. D. merchants.

Q: Ukiyo-e artists designed many prints of actors from the form of popular theater, known as A. shoin. B. oni. C. kabuki. D. otani.

Q: In the Edo period, new schools of philosophy developed in Kyoto based on A. Jainism. B. Christianity. C. Zen Buddhism. D. Confucianism.

Q: Which eighteenth-century artist was known for using the technique of nishikie in his prints of courtesans? A. Suzuki Harunobu B. Nagasawa Rosetsu C. Toshusai Sharaku D. Otani Oniji

Q: In the mid-nineteenth century, Japans policy of isolation ended. Western influences entered the country, and the emperor was restored to power, an event known as the A. Nabeshima Restoration. B. Kyoto Restoration. C. Meiji Restoration. D. Tokyo Restoration.

Q: The Zen monk-artist Hakuin Ekaku painted many images of _________. A. Tokusho. B. Bashu. C. Motoura D. Daruma.

Q: What kind of perspective can be seen in screens from both the Kano School and the Edo period? A. atmospheric B. linear C. intuitive D. diminutive

Q: The first book on the artist Hokusai was published in A. Germany. B. Britain. C. France. D. Italy.

Q: Work by contemporary artist Fukami Sueharu shows that Japanese artistic production today continues to be vibrant and lucrative in the field of A. printmaking. B. ceramics. C. drawing. D. painting.

Q: Which Japanese art form relied on collaboration among individuals? A. wall paintings B. hanging scrolls C. kosode robes D. ceramics

Q: The Tea Bowl, called Yugure (Twilight) (Fig. 26-8), is attributed to Chojiro, thought to be the founder of what type of pottery? A. raku B. Mount Fuji C. crackle glaze D. Hokusai

Q: What area of Japanese shoin-style interiors were frequently decorated with large-scale mural paintings? A. tokonomas B. shoji screens C. fusamas D. verandas

Q: What characterizes works by the Kano school of artists? A. a revived interest in Chinese art and culture B. a painting style that combined traditions of ink painting with brightly colored decorative subjects C. monochrome paintings in black and diluted grays D. a preference for rustic unadorned surfaces and asymmetrical forms

Q: Which statement best characterizes the lifestyle of Zen monk-artists such as Shubun and his followers? A. They specialized in art rather than religious ritual or teaching. B. They used art to help teach the ideas of Zen to others. C. Art was just one facet of their daily lives. D. They lived a solitary nomadic life and traded their art for food.

Q: Which period of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was one of the most creative in Japanese history? A. Heian B. Nara C. Asuka D. Momoyama

Q: Which dry rock garden in a Zen temple is one of Japans most renowned Zen sites? A. Ryoanji B. Nara C. Heian D. Asuka

Q: Which artist painted Landscape (Fig. 26-2), which illustrates the spirit of a Zen-influenced landscape tradition? A. Bunsei B. Wen Hu C. Qin Ling D. Weh Lin

Q: What is a name for woven straw mats that are generally used in Japanese homes as floor coverings? A. fusuma B. tatami C. raku D. shoin

Q: During the Edo period, intellectuals in Kyoto protested against the Tokugawa shoguns by A. publishing woodblock prints. B. supporting an imperial coup. C. inciting student protests. D. drinking sencha.

Q: During which period did a fully settled agricultural society emerge, accompanied by hierarchical social organization? A. Kamakura B. Nara C. Heian D. Yayoi

Q: During the period known as Japonisme in nineteenth-century Europe, Western artists were greatly influenced by Japanese A. pottery B. fusama C. woodblock prints D. lacquer

Q: Discuss the formats of Chinese painting.

Q: How does Wu Guanzhongs Pine Spirit (Fig. 25-16) combine Western and Chinese influences?

Q: Compare and contrast A Thousand Peaks and Myriad Ravines (Fig. 25-1) and The Qingbian Mountains (Fig. 25-12) in terms of style, form, and content.

Q: Compare the production of ceramics in China and in Korea. Consider the relationship of the two cultures and how each developed distinctive stylistic traditions in these works.

Q: Discuss the rise of literati painting in Chinese art history, and describe the literati influence on furniture, architecture, and garden design. Cite examples and discuss their characteristics.

Q: How did conditions in Korea from the late nineteenth century into the twentieth century affect its artistic development?

Q: Who was Dong Qichang? Address his achievements.

Q: What is the Forbidden City (Fig. 25-8)? Who built it? Consider its origins, its design, and its symbolism.

Q: After the Mongol invasions, how did China view itself in relation to the rest of the world?

Q: How does Whanki Kim exemplify Western and Eastern ideals?

Q: Explain the silhak movement. What is the meaning of the word silhak?

Q: Explain the significance of the dragon in Chinese tradition. Cite a specific example of its representation in the arts.

Q: What is the derivation of the word porcelain, and how was it made?

Q: Who were the painters known as the individualists?

Q: Explain the dry brush technique. Identify an artist and a work associated with this technique.

Q: Artist Zhao Mengfu, a descendant of the imperial line of Song who chose to serve the Yuan government, was well known for his finely rendered paintings of which animal? A. birds B. horses C. turtles D. cats

Q: Dong Qichang created his Qingbian Mountains (Fig. 25-12) in what standard format of Chinese painting? A. hanging scroll B. handscroll C. album leaf D. plate scroll