Q&A Hero

Q: 38. Ammonia is primarily which of the following types of air contaminants? a. irritant b. systemic poison c. depressant d. asphyxiant

Q: 39. At first, OSHA emphasized safety more than health.a. trueb. false

Q: 40. Early methods for testing contamination of the atmosphere, using a canary or a mouse, were used for testing which kind of exposure, acute or chronic?

Q: 25. A coal dust particle is determined in the laboratory to have diameter 17 micrometers.a. What is the diameter in centimeters?b. What is the diameter in inches?c. Is the particle classified as dust or fume?

Q: 26. Which of the following is an OSHA-enforced concentration level for an airborne contaminant? a. TLV b. PEL c. CAS d. ACGIH

Q: 27. Name the two types of flow process charts chemical engineers use to detect the origin of leaks of toxic contaminants to the atmosphere surrounding a process.

Q: 28. Which concentration is usually higher, AL or PEL?

Q: 13. Carbon disulfide is a systemic poison.a. trueb. false

Q: 29. Consider the following observed concentrations of air contaminants: TWA PEL Isopropyl ether 200 ppm 500 ppm Ethyl benzene 40 ppm 100 ppm Chlorobenzene 25 ppm 75 ppm Chlorobromomethane 50 ppm 200 ppm Perform calculations to determine whether this atmosphere exceeds the PEL, the AL, or both.

Q: 14. Which of the following useful chemicals is a solvent, disinfectant, and insecticide, but unfortunately is also a systemic poison? a. carbon disulfide b. chlorine c. sodium hydroxide d. hydrogen sulfide

Q: 30. Name two analytic tools used by the chemical engineer to determine whether air contaminant potentials are present in a process.

Q: 15. The toxic effects of acetylene are primarily as a. an irritant b. a systemic poison c. a carcinogen d. a depressant

Q: 16. Name at least three modes of toxicity for benzene.

Q: 17. Benzene has which of the following effects upon the body? a. irritant b. systemic poison c. depressant d. all of the above

Q: 18. The primary effect of hydrogen cyanide upon the body is as a. an asphyxiant b. a systemic poison c. a carcinogen d. a depressant

Q: 19. Which of the following substances is known as a teratogen? a. hydrogen sulfide b. vinyl chloride c. acetylene d. MAPP gas

Q: 20. Which of the following classifications of toxic substances primarily attacks the species, rather than the individual? a. teratogens b. mutagens c. systemic poisons d. endemic agents

Q: 21. A well-known agent is extremely hazardous as a monomer but is virtually harmless as a polymer. What is this agent?

Q: 22. Describe a way in which a toxic substance can be indirectly ingested into the body.

Q: 23. What term describes gases that are normally liquids or solids?

Q: 24. Which of the following is not a particulate? a. fumes b. vapors c. dusts d. mists

Q: 49. Give a simple definition for the term "pneumoconiosis." The text identified seven different types of pneumoconisis. Name three of these seven "oses," and for the three you have selected, identify the cause of each.

Q: 9. The toxic effects of halogens are primarily a. as systemic poisons b. as depressants c. as irritants d. as carcinogens

Q: 50. In the context of occupational safety and health standards, identify each of the following terms (write out what the letters represent) and then explain the purpose of each. Explain how each term relates to others in the list.ALCTWAPELTLV

Q: 10. The toxic effects of bromine are primarily a. as a systemic poison b. as a depressant c. as an irritant d. as a carcinogen

Q: 51. Which of the following is subject to periodic updating or changes as published by the American Council of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)? a. TLVs b. PELs c. Als d. STELs

Q: 11. The toxic effects of chlorine are primarily a. as a systemic poison b. as a depressant c. as an irritant d. as a carcinogen

Q: 52. Explain the difference between a dosimeter and a direct-reading instrument.

Q: 12. The toxic effects of fluorine are primarily a. as a systemic poison b. as a depressant c. as an irritant d. as a carcinogen

Q: 53. A process engineer proposes a new solvent that will reduce the quantities required by the process and significantly reduce the quantities of solvent vapors released to the air inside the plant. The new solvent is trichloroethylene and it is expected to reduce the solvent vapors absorbed into the plant air by 20% by volume as compared to the old solvent (Stoddard solvent). You are called in as a Certified Safety Professional to evaluate the proposed change to the process. Do you support the proposed process change? Explain your position.

Q: 54. How many nanometers are equivalent to a micrometer?

Q: 55. What is the length to diameter ratio of a carbon nanotube?

Q: 56. Why are scientists concerned about the relationship of carbon nanotubes to asbestos fibers?

Q: 1. Name five pneumoconioses and identify their causes.

Q: 2. Name five chemical irritants.

Q: 3. What distinguishing effect do irritants have upon the body?

Q: 4. What extremely dangerous gas can be produced when chlorinated hydrocarbons are exposed to welding radiation?

Q: 5. What extremely dangerous gas can be produced when solvents and degreasers are exposed to welding radiation?

Q: 6. Which of the following is a dangerous gas associated with the exposure of chlorinated hydrocarbons to welding radiation? a. hydrogen cyanide b. hydrogen sulfide c. chlorine d. phosgene

Q: 7. Which of the following is a dangerous gas associated with the exposure of solvents and degreasers to welding radiation? a. hydrogen cyanide b. hydrogen sulfide c. chlorine d. phosgene

Q: 8. Corrosive action on the nasal septum is most associated with which of the following air contaminants? a. ammonia b. chromic acid c. phosgene d. oxides of nitrogen

Q: 36. Certain industries have particular problems with WMSDs, but one area of concern touches almost every industry. What is this area of concern?

Q: 37. What stopgap measure has been used to enforce ergonomics hazards in the absence of a specific OSHA standard for ergonomics?

Q: 38. OSHA actually promulgated an ergonomics standard in the late twentieth century, but it had a short life.a. trueb. false

Q: 39. Identify industry concerns with a mandatory ergonomics standard?

Q: 40. Which of the following characteristics of the draft ANSI standard for ergonomics went beyond the requirements of the OSHA standard? a. Training b. Job analysis c. Surveillance d. Employee involvement

Q: 41. Describe the administrative procedure of "ramp-in":

Q: 42. "Ramp-in" is considered which of the following: a. an engineering control b. an administrative control c. personal protective equipment d. none of the above

Q: 43. Which of the following is considered least effective in reducing WMSDs: a. engineering controls b. administrative controls c. work practice controls d. ramp-in e. personal protective equipment

Q: 44. Describe two types of administrative or work practice controls to reduce WMSDs.

Q: 41. Which of the following is recognized as a leukemia hazard? a. methane b. carbon disulfide c. benzene d. hydrogen cyanide

Q: 42. Which of the following is not a simple asphyxiant? a. methane b. argon c. helium d. carbon monoxide

Q: 43. Which of the molecular structures shown has been identified as a dangerous carcinogen?

Q: 44. Chronic inhalation of which of the following molecular structures has been identified with angiosarcoma?

Q: 33. Which of the following has received a landmark citation by OSHA in the area of ergonomics? a. a maker of biscuits b. a sheet metal fabricator c. a discount retail store d. a foundry

Q: 46. A plant's atmosphere has the following concentrations of contaminants for the times shown: Diethylamine Phenol Methyl alcohol (PEL 25 ppm) (PEL 5 ppm) (PEL 200 ppm) 8:00 AM - 10:00 AM 4 ppm none 10 ppm 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM 6 ppm none 30 ppm 11:00 AM - noon 9 ppm 1 ppm 50 ppm noon - 4:00 PM 12 ppm 3 ppm 80 ppm Perform all calculations to determine whether action levels and PELs for the contaminants and their mixture are exceeded. SHOW YOUR CALCULATIONS.

Q: 34. The text names two companies that have been named in landmark citations by OSHA in the area of ergonomics. What are these two companies and what are their respective industries?

Q: 47. A hand-operated bellows pump would likely be used to a. gather test samples for a detector tube b. perform calibration of breathing apparatus c. find the flashpoint of unknown liquids d. assist in CPR

Q: 35. What industry, part of the meatpacking industry, has been the subject of considerable enforcement activity in the area of ergonomics?

Q: 48. Pneumoconiosis a. is "dust disease of the lungs." b. is a bloodborne pathogen. c. acts more as a mutagen than a teratogen. d. is expected to occur whenever air contaminants exceed the PEL.

Q: 21. The OSHA standard for manual lifting is the most frequently cited standard in the OSHA standards subpart for Material Handling.a. trueb. false

Q: 22. NIOSH research has shown that the most effective method of preventing back injuries is: a. training in proper lifting techniques. b. screening of personnel for the job. c. requiring the use of back belts. d. none of the above

Q: 24. Which of the following is the most desirable method of reducing back injuries? a. provide mechanical lifting aids b. require workers to wear back belts c. screen personnel for the job d. train employees in proper lifting techniques

Q: 25. Which of the following has been identified as an objective of modification of the workplace?a. to facilitate manual lifting (for workers in general)b. to accommodate groups of people who have special needsc. both of the aboved. none of the above

Q: 26. Which of the following is inappropriate to consider in the modification of the workplace to accommodate human variation.a. genderb. variations in lifting capabilityc. variations in heightd. variations in visione. variations in hearingf. all of the aboveg. none of the above

Q: 27. Which of the following human characteristics is inappropriate to consider in the modification of the workplace to accommodate human variation. a. strength (as in lifting capability) b. age c. height d. vision problems e. hearing problems

Q: 28. Which of the following facets of the field of ergonomics currently receives the most attention by safety and health managers? a. ergonomic vehicle design for human performance b. designing safety features in workplace machines c. controlling the work environment d. manual lifting e. workplace musculoskeletal disorders

Q: 29. Which of the following is a facet of ergonomics that is receiving a great deal of attention by safety and health managers? a. SARAs b. WMSDs c. RECRAs d. CERCLAs

Q: 13. In which of the following areas of control of the work environment has OSHA been successful in promulgating a standard? a. working in excessive heat b. working in extreme cold c. working underwater d. working in outer space

Q: 30. Explain the difference between the terms MSDS and MSDs.

Q: 14. OSHA's standard for manual lifting relies heavily on the NIOSH lifting formula.a. trueb. false

Q: 31. Which of the following is not considered a workplace musculoskeletal disorder? a. CTS b. RSI c. CTD d. ANSI

Q: 15. The NIOSH manual "Work Practices for Manual Lifting" urges employers to provide back belts for workers who do heavy manual lifting.a. trueb. false

Q: 32. Which of the following is not considered a form of MSD? a. rotator cuff syndrome b. trigger finger c. sciatica d. hypocondilitis

Q: 16. NIOSH studies have found a strong statistical correlation between the use of back belts and decreased incidence of workers' compensation claims.a. trueb. false

Q: 32. Which of the following is considered a form of MSD? a. SARS b. RECRA c. CTS d. hypocondilitis

Q: 17. The landmark NIOSH studies on back belts have shown no significant difference in the incidence of workers' compensation claims: a. between workers who are required to wear back belts and those who are not required to do so. b. between workers who wear back belts everyday vs. those who never wear them or, if they do wear them, do so only occasionally. c. both of the above. d. none of the above.

Q: 33. Which of the following industries has been used as a model for formulation of OSHA enforcement policy for controlling the hazard of WMSDs? a. construction b. chemical and refinery processes c. automotive assembly d. nursing homes

Q: 18. The landmark NIOSH studies on back belts have shown that:a. mandatory use of back belts is more effective than voluntary use.b. voluntary use of back belts is more effective than mandatory use.c. the incidence of "self-reported back pain" is related to failure of employees to use back belts.d. all of the above.e. none of the above.

Q: 19. NIOSH studies have concluded that: a. back belts help to reduce back injuries due to manual lifting. b. back belts actually do more harm than good. c. neither of the above. d. all of the above.