Q&A Hero

Q: The authority to be the first court to hear a case is which type of jurisdiction? a. appellate b. constitutional c. federal d. original e. trial

Q: The Constitution is vague about the __________ process, even though it remains Congress's ultimate oversight of the U.S. president.

Q: In the 1970s, the Supreme Court ended __________ because it was being imposed arbitrarily, but it was later reinstated.

Q: Article III of the Constitution establishes a __________ and defines its jurisdiction.

Q: What role does the federal government play in public health? What tools does it use?

Q: Party conventions have hosted delegates casting Electoral College votes to select presidential nominees since 1832.

Q: Federal judges are appointed to __________ terms. a. two-year b. three-year c. life d. ten-year e. twenty-year

Q: __________ committees are standing committees that include members from both houses of Congress and are set up to conduct investigations or special studies.

Q: One prong of the Lemon test is that the law has a __________ secular purpose.

Q: The __________ of powers is a key feature of the government established by the Constitution.

Q: List and explain the differences between the theories of public policy formation.

Q: Membership in labor unions has increased over the last several decades.

Q: According to the box "Who Are Federal Judges?", recent presidents have used judicial appointments to increase the __________ of individuals serving at the highest levels of the U.S. government and to curry favor with traditionally underrepresented groups. a. education level b. qualifications c. experience level d. diversity e. numbers

Q: The __________ is the counterpart to the majority leader in the House opposition party.

Q: In Abington School District v. Schempp, the Court ruled that state-mandated Bible readings were constitutional under the free exercise clause.

Q: Congress passed the __________ in 1777.

Q: Describe the history of government regulation in the United States, noting key aspects of its evolution.

Q: The Clayton Act of 1914 allowed unions to organize free from prosecution and also guaranteed their members' right to strike.

Q: What is the name given to the power of the courts to interpret, and overturn, the actions of the executive and legislative branches? a. original jurisdiction b. strict construction c. judicial review d. precedent e. stare decisis

Q: The necessary and proper clause allows Congress to increase the scope of its authority.

Q: Most developed countries use some form of the death penalty.

Q: The __________ Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence.

Q: Discuss the policy response by the federal government to the recent financial crisis.

Q: Interest groups are prohibited from lobbying the executive branch of the federal government.

Q: Which of the following is the authority vested in a particular court to hear and decide the issues in a particular case? a. jurisdiction b. judicial review c. jurisprudence d. confirmation e. filibuster

Q: Although the Constitution allows states to create their own legislative boundaries, gerrymandering in favor of any partisan or racial group is expressly forbidden by law.

Q: The free exercise clause guarantees that the government will not interfere with the practice of religion.

Q: The Constitution has been amended __________ times.

Q: Imagine the economy is slipping into a recession. What would a Keynesian advocate and why? Compare this approach to using interest rates to affect the money supply.

Q: In recent years, political action committees (PACs) have declined as vehicles for campaign contributions.

Q: According to Figure 9.1, How Is the American Judicial System Structured?, there are currently how many U.S. district courts? a. 118 b. 35 c. 13 d. 52 e. 94

Q: The increasing partisanship and unproductivity of Congress have contributed to lower approval ratings of congressional members in recent years.

Q: Planned Parenthood v.Casey held that a state court could limit abortions as long as the regulation did not pose an undue burden on pregnant women.

Q: The __________ Amendment protects freedom of assembly.

Q: Discuss the two major economic worries faced by American politicians, unemployment and inflation, and the options available to address them.

Q: A __________ results after fissures develop in each party's coalition, which begins to fracture after new issues appear, dividing the electorate. a. dealignment b. national party convention c. nonpartisan election d. critical election e. secular realignment

Q: Which of the following nominates U.S. federal judges? a. president b. vice president c. chief justice d. Senate e. Supreme Court

Q: The vast majority of bills receive a subcommittee hearing, but not full passage.

Q: The Burger Court vehemently enforced the rights identified in Miranda v.Arizona.

Q: The Anti-Federalists strongly supported the Bill of Rights.

Q: What portion of the federal government is responsible for monetary policy, and how does it affect the economy?

Q: __________ provides a basis for mediation and negotiation laterally among the branches of government and vertically among national, state, and local layers. a. A critical election b. Bipartisanship c. Party affiliation d. Polarization e. The party platform

Q: Which of the following represents the federal government in the Supreme Court? a. attorney general b. president c. Speaker of the House d. solicitor general e. chief prosecutor

Q: A conference committee is comprised of members from the House and Senate committees that originally considered the bill.

Q: The exclusionary rule prohibits police from using illegally seized evidence at trial.

Q: Article IV of the Constitution requires Ohio to honor an adoption that took place in California.

Q: How is the federal government involved in health care? Why is this the case?

Q: Which of the following voter profiles most strongly suggests that an individual will identify with the Republican Party? a. Hispanic, female, Catholic b. Protestant, male, annual income over $75,000 c. senior citizen, Jewish, from the Midwest d. white, Catholic, from the Northeast e. white, female, Evangelical Christian

Q: Courts established by Congress for specialized purposes, such as the Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims Law, are known as __________ courts. a. appellate b. trial c. legislative d. public e. constitutional

Q: Logrolling, or vote trading, was deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court following the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Q: After Gideon v.Wainwright, the Sixth Amendment has been interpreted to guarantee a right to counsel to all criminal defendants, regardless of indigence.

Q: Article III of the Constitution permits Congress to establish lower national courts.

Q: What was the purpose of TARP, and how was it supposed to work?

Q: Which of the following voter profiles most strongly suggests that an individual will identify with the Democratic Party? a. Asian, male, Evangelical Christian b. black, female, from the Northeast c. college-educated, male, from the South d. senior citizen, male, annual income over $75,000 e. white, male, Protestant

Q: Through 2012, only __________ African Americans and four women have served on the Supreme Court. a. two b. four c. six d. eight e. ten

Q: Especially since the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Congress has ceded to the president a major role in the legislative process.

Q: Prior to ratification of the U.S. Constitution, state constitutions provided little protection for personal liberties.

Q: The New Jersey Plan proposed a powerful central government with three branches.

Q: What is the difference between budget deficits and the national debt?

Q: Americans trust the government more when __________. a. Democrats and Republicans work together in Congress b. electoral votes indicate a clear win in the presidential election c. it is not a "critical election" year d. their chosen political party controls the White House e. there is a strong third-party candidate

Q: How many tiers does the federal judiciary have? a. two b. six c. four d. three e. five

Q: The House currently has 435 members, but this number increases every ten years with the taking of the census, as mandated by the Constitution.

Q: Slander is a false written statement that defames the character of a person.

Q: A constitution is a written document establishing the structure, functions, and limitations of a government.

Q: What is fiscal policy?

Q: Decreasing numbers of __________ have been identified as one cause of increasing polarization. a. East Coast conservative Democrats b. Midwest independents c. northern liberal Republicans d. southern conservative Republicans e. West Coast liberal Republicans

Q: Following oral arguments, the justices gather for a __________, during which they discuss the case and cast preliminary votes. a. conference b. meeting c. hearing d. review e. circuit

Q: Studies show that legislators vote in conformity with the prevailing opinion of their district constituents about two-thirds of the time.

Q: Writs of habeas corpus are laws declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial.

Q: The main weakness of the Articles of Confederation was the lack of a strong national government.

Q: Keynesians in Congress would support increasing ___________ as a means to address high levels of unemployment.

Q: Which of the following statements, if true, would confirm the theory of pluralism? a. The number of interest groups in Washington, D.C., has decreased over the past several decades. b. Elected officials rarely take into account the views of interest groups. c. Business/economic interests have more lobbyists in Washington, D.C., than other types of organizations. d. Elected officials seek out the opinions of multiple interest groups when creating policy. e. Membership in labor unions has remained stable over the past several decades.

Q: For a case to be heard in the Supreme Court, a minimum of how many justices must vote to hear the case? a. one b. four c. five d. nine e. six

Q: A bill goes through markup in a full committee after a subcommittee votes in favor of it.

Q: The right to bear arms stems from colonists' distrust of standing armies.

Q: The Stamp Act was a major catalyst for the American Revolution.

Q: In responding to the 2008 __________, the federal government relied solely on fiscal policy to restart economic growth.

Q: What did the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007 achieve? a. a ban on gifts and honoraria to members of Congress and their staffs b. a requirement that anyone hired to lobby any member of Congress must register and file quarterly financial reports c. a requirement that lobbyists register with the clerk of the House and the secretary of the Senate d. a requirement that lobbyists report their clients and issues and the agency or house they lobbied e. a strict definition of lobbyist as one who devotes at least 20 percent of a client's or employer's time to lobbying activities

Q: A writ of __________ is a request submitted to the U.S. Supreme Court to review a lower court decision. a. mandamus b. prohibition c. capias d. attachment e. certiorari

Q: Legislators typically eschew casework, as it is burdensome to the staff and emphasizes benefits for individuals over the good of the whole district.