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Q:
Targeting media programming at specific populations within society is called __________.
Q:
Which statement best describes the quasi-judicial decisions made by government agencies?
a. These decisions do not have the force of law.
b. These decisions can be appealed to federal courts.
c. These decisions are final and cannot be appealed.
d. These decisions can be overturned by Congress.
e. These decisions can be overturned by the president.
Q:
__________ programs are designed to help remedy continued inequality by giving special treatment to members of previously discriminated-against groups.
Q:
Americans' faith in institutions in the United States has __________.
a. remained stagnant over time
b. generally increased
c. generally decreased
d. decreased for some and increased for others
e. fluctuated, depending on the political climate
Q:
Laissez-faire economics holds which of the following to be true?
a. The government should actively intervene in the economy.
b. The government should not take an active role in the economy.
c. The government should do everything possible to reduce unemployment.
d. The government should lower interest rates during a recession.
e. The government should raise interest rates during a recession.
Q:
Many American ideals, including hard work and personal responsibility, are rooted in our nation's __________ heritage.
Q:
What is the major purpose of an independent regulatory commission?
a. to generate profit
b. to increase productivity
c. to oversee the executive branch
d. to perform services
e. to regulate commerce
Q:
In 1964, Congress passed the __________ to help keep the promise of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Q:
Over time, Americans' expectations of government have generally __________.
a. increased
b. remained the same
c. decreased
d. been eliminated
e. not been measured
Q:
The Affordable Care Act deals primarily with what policy area?a. educationb. health carec. welfared. economicse. criminal justice
Q:
__________ are the most frequently used mechanism by which to gauge the mood of the electorate.
Q:
Which of Max Weber's characteristics of bureaucracy is illustrated by a government agency in which the greatest authority resides with the agency head?
a. administrative discretion
b. the merit principle
c. division of labor/task specialization
d. hierarchy/chain of command
e. goal orientation
Q:
Rosa Parks's refusal to give up her seat on a public bus was an act of __________ that led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Q:
Describe the evolution of federalism over the course of American history. Provide specific social/policy developments or Supreme Court decisions for each evolutionary step.
Q:
Which of the following is a true statement about moderates?
a. They are most aligned with the views of Rush Limbaugh and Ann Coulter.
b. They comprise over half of the U.S. population.
c. They largely support an overhaul of the welfare system.
d. They believe that a temperate view is the best approach to politics.
e. They created the Tea Party movement.
Q:
What do economists use gross domestic product to measure?
a. the rate of government spending in the economy
b. the rate of tariffs applied to goods imported into the United States
c. the total impact of import revenues on the domestic economy
d. the total value added by government expenditures in the economy
e. the total value of goods and services produced in the economy
Q:
The Literary Digest, a popular magazine that first began national presidential polling in 1916, was a pioneer in the use of the __________.
Q:
What is the main purpose served by government corporations?
a. generating profit for the federal government
b. providing services not fully trusted to the private sector
c. breaking up monopolies
d. expanding international trade
e. regulating sectors of the economy
Q:
__________ had to pay poll taxes.
Q:
Which of the following is a true statement about liberals?
a. They believe individuals should look to churches and other social services organizations instead of the government for assistance.
b. They are comfortable with the social status quo.
c. They generally favor government intervention to promote equality.
d. They seek to end costly welfare programs.
e. They are more likely to vote Republican than Democratic.
Q:
Inflation is best understood as the rate at which __________.
a. gross domestic product expands
b. prices for goods and services decrease
c. prices for goods and services increase
d. the federal government increases taxes to raise revenue
e. the Federal Reserve Board expands the money supply
Q:
Talk radio is making a resurgence because many of its top shows appeal to conservatives.
Q:
How did the Pendleton Act reform the system of hiring and firing federal employees?
a. It required hiring and firing decisions to be based on partisan loyalty rather than merit.
b. It required hiring and firing decisions to be based on merit rather than partisan loyalty.
c. It continued to allow hiring on the basis of merit, but made firing federal employees easier.
d. It continued to allow hiring on the basis of partisan loyalty, but made firing federal employees more difficult.
e. It allowed hiring on the basis of partisan loyalty, and made firing federal employees easier.
Q:
Jim Crow laws required __________ of African Americans and whites.
Q:
Social conservatives, who now form a large part of the base of the Republican Party, often are also members of which of the following?
a. pro-choice groups
b. groups seeking to enhance marriage by allowing domestic partnerships
c. groups seeking to keep government out of Americans' private lives
d. groups seeking to expand welfare programs
e. religious organizations
Q:
According to the "How Has Campaign Financing Changed Over Time?" feature, outside spending on campaign financing has soared in the past decade since McCain and Feingold sponsored campaign reform legislation. What does the rise of 527 groups, 501(c) groups, and SuperPACs in the time period 2002"2012 suggest about the determination of organizations to influence important elections?
Q:
Social media afford politicians tremendous opportunities to communicate with the public.
Q:
Which of the following is an example of an independent executive agency?
a. the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
b. the Department of Health and Human Services
c. the Consumer Product Safety Commission
d. the Tennessee Valley Authority
e. the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Q:
The focus of the __________ was to establish women's right to vote.
Q:
Which of the following public policies would social conservatives be most likely to support?
a. decreasing defense spending
b. prohibiting any references to God or religion on money or government buildings
c. providing governmental universal health care
d. overturning Roe v. Wade
e. regulating the banking and financial sectors
Q:
What are the causes of low voter turnout? Which groups have been disenfranchised in the past, and which groups tend to vote less today? Choose a specific group. What policies or programs could best help that group vote more frequently? Justify your choices.
Q:
Consuming the slanted views of cable and Internet news sources has a neutral effect on the way that citizens process political information.
Q:
How does the president exercise control over agencies and departments in the federal bureaucracy?
a. by confirming federal appointees
b. by nominating federal appointees
c. by signing executive agreements
d. by creating or abolishing agencies
e. by conducting oversight hearings
Q:
__________ upheld the right of private individualsbut not governmentto discriminate in the provision of public accommodations.
Q:
How did President Johnson's Great Society program use categorical grants?
Q:
The reason that some pro-choice conservative voters may choose pro-choice liberal candidates over other conservatives is most closely related to which of the following functions of ideology?
a. explanation
b. evaluation
c. orientation
d. political programs
e. conservative ideals
Q:
Why do incumbents have such high reelection rates? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having an incumbent representing you? In your opinion, is having a majority of incumbents good or bad for the health of the United States democracy? Justify your answer.
Q:
Many of the most famous network news anchors got their start covering the Pentagon.
Q:
One purpose of the Administrative Procedures Act is to __________.
a. ensure opportunities for public participation in the rule-making process
b. give federal agencies greater discretion in the rule-making process
c. streamline bureaucratic activities in the rule-making process
d. give the president greater control over the rule-making process
e. discourage agencies from drafting new regulations
Q:
The __________ was enacted in 1990 and is designed to protect the civil rights of disabled Americans.
Q:
According to Isaiah Berlin, a noted historian and philosopher, which two factors, above all, have shaped human history in the twentieth century?
a. science and technology, and ideology
b. science and technology, and religion
c. science and technology, and trade
d. religion and ideology
e. trade and ideology
Q:
When designing the Electoral College, what were the Framers trying to achieve? What event exposed problems in the original design? What was done to solve these problems? Do any other problems remain?
Q:
The Supreme Court has found that the president has "inherent power" to halt the publication of news.
Q:
Which of the following is a function of departments and agencies within the federal bureaucracy?
a. issuing executive orders
b. issuing executive agreements
c. implementing public policies
d. reviewing court decisions
e. drafting legislation
Q:
Brown v. Board of Education overturned the __________ doctrine.
Q:
The percentage of households in the United States consisting of a single person is nearly __________ percent.
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
e. 50
Q:
Describe the impact on a candidate of a long nomination and general election campaign. What physical and mental stresses result from such a campaign? How might these impacts ultimately affect the election?
Q:
President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first to use radio as a medium to connect with the American public.
Q:
Before 1883, how were government jobs awarded?
a. Jobs were awarded based on applicants' expertise.
b. Jobs were awarded based on applicants' personal wealth.
c. Jobs were awarded based on applicants' performance on entrance exams.
d. Jobs were awarded based on applicants' loyalty to the party in power.
e. Jobs were awarded through a lottery system.
Q:
The __________ Amendment guarantees African Americans the right to vote.
Q:
One of the most long-standing and dramatic regional differences in the United States is between which of the following?
a. Midwest and West
b. North and West
c. South and West
d. North and South
e. East and West
Q:
What is the scare-off effect, and how does it help incumbents?
Q:
Political leaders, given their access to the media, rarely attempt to use the media to drum up support for their programs.
Q:
Which of the following is an example of Max Weber's merit principle?
a. citizens evaluating political candidates based on personal characteristics
b. citizens evaluating political candidates based on candidates' work experience
c. agencies hiring people based on their performance on entrance exams
d. agency officials evaluating a policy proposal based on its merits
e. the president evaluating a policy proposal based on its merits
Q:
Gender classifications are evaluated by the Supreme Court using the strict scrutiny standard to ensure that it is necessary to accomplish a permissible state goal and is the least restrictive way to reach that goal.
Q:
Distinguish between the positions of advocates and critics of progressive federalism.
Q:
In general, which of the following is true about the U.S. population?
a. It is mostly under the age of thirty.
b. It is getting older.
c. It is becoming less diverse.
d. It is less affected by immigration than in earlier years.
e. It is required to own property.
Q:
What is the role of volunteers in a political campaign?
Q:
Approve-or-disapprove survey questions measure respondents' intensity of feeling better than other types of questions.
Q:
What function is the National Labor Relations board carrying out when it settles disputes between labor and management on federal labor laws?
a. creating regulations
b. adjudicating/engaging in quasi-judicial processes
c. providing expert advice
d. providing a check on congressional power
e. providing a check on judicial power
Q:
The admissions office at a public university could likely establish a permissible affirmative action policy that awards minority students by bumping up their SAT score by 100 points.
Q:
How many citizens did the Constitution initially mandate that each member of the House of Representatives should represent?
a. 30,000
b. 60,000
c. 100,000
d. 130,000
e. 200,000
Q:
What are advantages and disadvantages of the winner-take-all primary? Which party allows winner-take-all primaries?
Q:
Media coverage has a stronger effect on independent voters than on partisans.
Q:
Which of the following is an example of a bureaucratic organization?
a. the Department of Defense
b. the U.S. House of Representatives
c. the U.S. Supreme Court
d. the Democratic Party
e. the Maryland state legislature
Q:
The passage of the Equal Rights Amendment has helped ensure women's equality in the workplace.
Q:
The Framers agreed that the new nation had to be founded on notions of which of the following?
a. religious tolerance
b. religious faith
c. racial tolerance
d. racial freedom
e. religious freedom
Q:
What is reapportionment, and how does it affect presidential politics? Be sure to give specific examples.
Q:
The Telecommunications Act of 1996 imposed regulations on large segments of the electronic media.
Q:
How does Congress exercise control over agencies and departments in the federal bureaucracy?
a. by issuing executive orders
b. by issuing reports through the Office of Management and Budget
c. by nominating appointees to key positions in federal agencies
d. by confirming appointees to key positions in federal agencies
e. by confirming appointees to key judicial positions
Q:
The Equal Pay Act of 1963 has nearly eliminated the wage gap between men and women in the United States.
Q:
How do we know that the U.S. Constitution is federalist? Cite specific clauses or articles.
Q:
Which of the following is the doctrine that society should be governed by certain ethical principles that are part of nature and can be understood by reason?
a. ethical law
b. contract law
c. natural law
d. Newton's law
e. constitutional law
Q:
If you were a Protestant, how might your voting behavior differ from your friends of other religious faiths? To what extent is faith an accurate predictor of voting habits?
Q:
ARPANET, developed by the Department of Homeland Security, was a precursor to the Internet.
Q:
__________ are working groups established to facilitate the coordination of policy making and implementation across a host of government agencies.
a. Interagency councils
b. Iron triangles
c. Issue networks
d. Independent regulatory commissions
e. Independent executive agencies
Q:
The unique status that American Indian tribes have, as distinct governments whose members also have U.S. citizenship, has ensured adequate protection of their members.
Q:
The idea that governments draw legitimacy and power from the governed is referred to as which of the following?
a. majority rule
b. direct democracy
c. capitalism
d. popular consent
e. popular control
Q:
If you were an incumbent and had the choice of running either positive or negative ads, which type of ad would you feel served your campaign best, and why?
Q:
News media predate the United States.