Q&A Hero

Q: Children are confronted with a multitude of challenges as they grow up. Explain why some children are able to overcome chronic adversity while others fall victims to its effects. What skills appear to make some children more resilient and how can teachers and families foster these qualities?

Q: What positive effects can stress have on children's development?

Q: In what ways can poverty affect children's language development?

Q: Why should vigorous physical activity be a regular part of children's daily routine?

Q: Why are fears and nightmares more common during the preschool years?

Q: What factors make each child an unique individual?

Q: Why is it important to be aware of children's socialemotional wellbeing?

Q: What health risks are associated with premature birth?

Q: How does having health insurance contribute to children's wellbeing?

Q: What purpose(s) does the "Healthy People 2020 initiative serve?

Q: Describe how heredity influences health.

Q: Inadequate or unpredictable access to a healthy diet is called_________.

Q: Learning to control aggressive behaviors is important for children's_________health.

Q: The ______________________ program promotes children's preventive health through the collaborative efforts of families and school personnel.

Q: _______can lead to changes in a child's emotional and/or physical wellbeing.

Q: Repeated failure and frustration can lead to a sense of poor________.

Q: The concept of gender identity begins to emerge around age_________to ___________ years.

Q: Vigorous________has a positive effect on children's behavior, mental health, and weight management.

Q: A person's health is determined by a combination of__________and environmental factors.

Q: Hand washing, physical fitness, and the consistent use of seat belts are examples of _________health care.

Q: The concept of preventive health implies that individuals must take responsibility for their personal ________.

Q: The qualities of health, safety, and nutrition are closely_______.

Q: The leading cause of death among young children is due to:a. birth defects b. unintentional injuriesc. communicable illness d. hereditary diseases

Q: Mental illness is a leading health problem that may develop as the result of: a. negative self-concept b. living in a dysfunctional family c. heredity d. all answersand many other factorsare correct

Q: The_______(CHIP) program makes low-cost health insurance available to income-eligible families:a. Children" Health Insurance b. Coordinated Health Investmentc. Certified Health Insurers d. Cooperative Health Indemnity

Q: Which of the following statements most accurately describes "normal" growth and development of the preschool child?a. It occurs at a uniform rate for all children.b. Each individual follows a unique pattern.c. It is a simple and predictable process.d. It has limited effect on behavior.

Q: Neural connections form as the result of: a. heredity b. biological maturation c. daily experiences d. physical activity

Q: Teachers influence children's mental health in all of the following ways EXCEPT: a. accepting each child as an individual b. showing consistency in the setting and enforcement of classroom standards c. giving in to children's requests, demands, and desires d. providing classroom experiences that are relevant to children's interests and ability level

Q: The term heredity refers to: a. transmission of genetic characteristics b. inborn temperament and developmental abilities c. psychological influences on health d. social factors, such as poverty, child abuse, and air pollution that affect health status

Q: A child's nutritional status affects: a. behavior b. energy and activity levels c. resistance to infection d. all answers are correct

Q: Measures taken to protect young children's safety require an understanding of their:a. likes and dislikes b. developmental stage and abilitiesc. gender d. family background

Q: The most important reason for including health education in children's early education curriculum is to: a. reduce the incidence of communicable disease in school settings b. implement the results of the latest child research c. engage families and hold them responsible for children's well-being d. help children develop sound health habits and concepts at an early age

Q: Children who are born into poverty are more likely to: a. have a shorter life expectancy b. experience birth defects and serious medical conditions c. experience a higher rate of learning and behavior problems d. all answers are correct

Q: The current definition of health emphasizes the: a. medical treatment and cure of disease b. limits set by a person's genetic makeup c. interrelatedness of physical, mental, economic, cultural, and social well-being d. toxic effects of environmental substances

Q: A child who suffers from depression may be indecisive, exhibit uncontrollable anger and/or have difficulty sleeping. a. True b. False

Q: Children as young as 36 months are able to feed themselves without adult assistance. a. True b. False

Q: Children's socialemotional competence can have a direct effect on their state of physical wellbeing. a. True b. False

Q: Oral hygiene practices should be implemented once a child's permanent teeth have erupted. a. True b. False

Q: Norms are skills that children should be able to demonstrate by a specific age. a. True b. False

Q: Two-year-olds can be expected to play cooperatively with one another. a. True b. False

Q: During the first six months, an infant can be expected to grow as much as one inch in length per month. a. True b. False

Q: Food provides nutrients that influence a child's growth, development, and behavior. a. True b. False

Q: A teacher's knowledge of developmental norms plays an important role in the prevention of children's unintentional injuries.a. Trueb. False

Q: Current definitions of health recognize that individuals must take a proactive role in reducing their risk of chronic disease. a. True b. False

Q: An increasing number of children in the U.S. are experiencing food insecurity. a. True b. False

Q: Health is primarily a state of physical well-being. a. True b. False

Q: In the early twenty-first century, how many nations had American soldiers stationed within their borders? a. 20 b. 45 c. 80 d. 175 e. 215 ANS: D TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 1131 | Seagull p. 1154 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: How did federal courts react to Trumps ban on travel to the United States from Muslim-majority countries? a. They declared it unconstitutional because it violated religious freedom. b. They declared it unconstitutional because it violated individual liberty. c. They upheld its validity. d. They declared it unconstitutional based on a legal technicality. e. They stated it was constitutional because Muslims were a danger to the nation. ANS: A TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1136 | Seagull p. 1155 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: The claims of the conservative Tea Party focused on a. the president wanting to repeal the Fourteenth Amendment birthright to citizenship. b. a denunciation that racial inequality continued to exist. c. reducing the overbearing power the Obama administration was giving to the states. d. the growth of the federal government and immigration policies. e. banning free trade agreements with foreign nations. ANS: D TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 11311133 | Seagull p. 1148 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: Which of the following shows how Trump felt about environmental issues? a. He withdrew the United States from the Paris Agreement on climate change. b. He promised to stop the coal industry. c. He reduced fuel efficiency standards for automobiles. d. He curbed regulations aimed at controlling emissions. e. He supported research on renewable energy. ANS: A TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1137 | Seagull p. 1157 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: National Security Agency employee Edward Snowden was charged with a. publishing fake information. b. violating the Espionage Act. c. robbery. d. embezzlement. e. domestic violence. ANS: B TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1132 | Seagull p. 1147 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: On which of the following issues did Trump focus during the midterm 2018 campaign? a. successful economic recovery b. low unemployment c. gender equality d. political freedom e. immigrants and crime ANS: E TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1138 | Seagull p. 1158 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: Senator Bernie Sanders a. had the support of the Democratic Partys establishment. b. lost to Donald Trump in the presidential election. c. planned to dismantle the entire welfare system. d. denounced the Occupy Wall Street movement. e. restored the word socialism to the political vocabulary. ANS: E TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1132 | Seagull p. 1151 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: March for Our Lives a. was the follow-up to the Occupy Wall Street movement. b. was organized by high school students to demand gun control. c. took place after Trumps inauguration and was mostly led by women. d. was organized by Mexican immigrants demanding citizenship. e. was organized in support of religious freedom. ANS: B TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1140 | Seagull 1161 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: Which, according to Trump, were the issues of most concern to voters? a. social inequality and development b. criminality rates c. foreign affairs d. globalization and immigration e. immigration and gender rights ANS: D TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1133 | Seagull p. 1152 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: What does the National Memorial for Peace and Justice and the Legacy Museum commemorate? a. the thousands of victims of lynching b. the soldiers who died during the Iraq War c. the soldiers who died during the Afghanistan War d. the victims of gun violence e. the victims of 9/11 ANS: A TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1142 | Seagull 1163 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Matching Test 1 ___ 1. George W. Bush ___ 2. Hillary Clinton ___ 3. Barack Obama ___ 4. Colin Powell ___ 5. John McCain ___ 6. Nancy Pelosi ___ 7. Michael Brown ___ 8. Sonia Sotomayor ___ 9. John Roberts a. sponsored a bill banning the use of torture b. Bushs secretary of state c. House majority leader d. Obama appointee to the Supreme Court e. unarmed black eighteen-year-old shot dead in Ferguson, Missouri f. Democratic presidential candidate in 2008 g. compassionate conservative h. chief justice of the Supreme Court i. elected president in 2008

Q: Which of the following groups voted overwhelmingly for Trump? a. residents of large cities b. residents of rural areas and small towns c. blacks d. immigrants e. Democrats ANS: B TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1134 | Seagull 1153 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: What allowed Donald Trump to be chosen as the Republican presidential candidate? a. Other candidates within the party believed he had no chance at winning the nomination. b. The Democratic establishment supported his candidacy. c. He had the support of the liberals from the North. d. He inspired the youth. e. He got the support of immigrants. ANS: A TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1135 | Seagull p. 1151 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: To which of the following rights did Khizr Khan think Trump need to pay attention? a. equal protection under the law b. the right to bear arms c. freedom of the press d. rights of life and property e. voting rights ANS: A TOP: Who Is an American? | Primary Source Document DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1131 | Seagull p. 1149 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: How did Trump intend to promote American manufacturing? a. by promoting free trade b. by lowering tariffs on imported goods c. by raising taxes paid by large corporations d. by raising tariffs on imported goods e. by dismantling NATO ANS: D TOP: President Trump DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1135 | Seagull p. 1154 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: By the early twenty-first century, what was the status of union membership in the private sector? a. Union membership steadily increased from 1900 to 2000. b. Military troops were used to prevent unions from meeting. c. Less than 10 percent of workers in the private sector belonged to unions. d. These private-sector unions were more powerful than ever. e. Unions had been completely banned. ANS: C TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 1128 | Seagull p. 1151 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: What statement best describes ISIS? a. It was an American military group that promoted peace in the Middle East. b. It was a national oil drilling company seeking to expand into foreign markets. c. It was a multiethnic coalition with the goal of promoting freedom of religion. d. It was a self-proclaimed Islamic State that conducted campaigns of exceptional brutality. e. It was a group of Christian activists looking to gain territory in Europe. ANS: D TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 1124 | Seagull p. 1146 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: Which of the following statements describes the Occupy movement? a. It remained small and local. b. It eventually died out and failed to inspire any other similar movements. c. It failed to manage the use of new technologies. d. It began as a grassroots protest against Obamacare. e. It tapped into a widespread feeling of alienation, especially among the young. ANS: E TOP: Obama in Office DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1126 | Seagull p. 1140 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.

Q: Which of the following statements describes the Black Lives Matter movement? a. It focused on narrow platform policy rather than a broad claim to black humanity. b. Members demanded that police practices be changed and officers using excessive force be held accountable. c. Everybody sided with the movement. d. It emerged in response to the deaths of armed black men at the hands of police and other authorities. e. It failed to make use of current technology and social media to organize. ANS: B TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 1129 | Seagull pp. 11431144 | MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.

Q: What statement regarding President Obama and immigration is true? a. More illegal immigrants than ever entered the United States while Obama was president. b. Obamas outspoken disdain for illegal immigrants gained him Republican supporters. c. Obama refused to deport any illegal immigrants during his time in office. d. The recession during Obamas term in office created excellent opportunities for Mexican immigrants to take low-paying jobs. e. Obamas administration deported far more illegal immigrants than George W. Bushs. ANS: E TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 1126 | Seagull p. 1148 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: Which of these developed nations placed the most emphasis on religion? a. Italy b. Great Britain c. Germany d. France e. United States ANS: E TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1129 | Seagull p. 1151 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century

Q: How were the two candidates on the Republican Party ticket in 2012 different from those who ran in years past? a. Neither was wealthy. b. Neither actively campaigned. c. Both fully supported same-sex marriage. d. Neither was a traditional Protestant. e. Both criticized the National Rifle Association. ANS: D TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 11261127 | Seagull p. 1149 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: In 2012, how many people in the United States were murdered with guns? a. about 100 b. about 1,000 c. nearly 5,000 d. nearly 10,000 e. more than 20,000 ANS: D TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1129 | Seagull p. 1152 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: Which of the following was a liability for President Obama as he entered his reelection campaign of 2012? a. He had authorized a constitutionally questionable raid that killed Osama bin Laden. b. The U.S. Supreme Court had struck down most of the Affordable Care Act. c. He had failed to provide an authentic Hawaiian birth certificate to prove the legitimacy of his presidency. d. Unemployment remained high even though the recession was officially over. e. Americans disapproved of the troop withdrawal from Iraq late in 2011. ANS: D TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 1127 | Seagull p. 1149 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: According to author Eric Foner, what was a key component of the dominant definition of freedom in the twenty-first century? a. economic security b. the ability to fulfill potential unrestricted by authority c. active participation in the democratic process, both as voters and candidates d. fair treatment and equal pay for workers e. universal health insurance ANS: B TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 1130 | Seagull pp. 11521153 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: What is one key factor that explains the unprecedented amount of money that was spent on the presidential and congressional elections of 2012? a. In 2010, the Supreme Court removed restrictions on corporate political donations. b. Door-to-door donations increased through grassroots campaigns. c. Social media made it easier for supporters to donate. d. Celebrity endorsements and donations became a popular new trend. e. Political action committees were abolished. ANS: A TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 11271128 | Seagull p. 1150 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: What did President Obama do in his second term that involved dealing with a historic enemy of the United States? a. He apologized to the governments of Colombia and Honduras for the use of unauthorized military force in the war on drugs. b. He moved to establish diplomatic relations with Cuba. c. He established diplomatic relations with Afghanistan. d. He supported a military coup in Egypt that ended badly for the United States. e. He brokered peaceful relations with Iran. ANS: B TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1131 | Seagull p. 1146 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.

Q: Which of the following was a job category for which the Bureau of Labor Statistics predicted strong growth in 2012? a. childcare b. financial services c. technology d. higher education e. social sciences ANS: A TOP: Obama in Office DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1128 | Seagull p. 1142 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Identify the major challenges of Obamas first term.

Q: The Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, a. allowed for most businesses to stop providing health insurance to employees. b. was supported by Democrats and Republicans. c. allowed health care companies to deny insurance to applicants with existing illnesses. d. treated every citizen under the same provisions. e. required all Americans to purchase health insurance. ANS: E TOP: Obama in Office DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1124 | Seagull p. 1138 | MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.

Q: Khizr Khan confronted Trump for a. being a TV star. b. mistreating women. c. disrespecting minorities. d. not serving in the U.S. military. e. using social media. ANS: C TOP: Who Is an American? | Primary Source Document DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1131 | Seagull p. 1149 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Identify what was divisive about Donald Trumps campaign and early presidency.

Q: Prior to the twentieth century, what was humanitys primary economic activity? a. developing medical solutions b. acquiring food, clothing, and shelter c. printing books d. inventing time-saving technologies e. investing in stocks ANS: B TOP: Freedom in the Twenty-First Century DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 1128 | Seagull p. 1150 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: How did Obama use human rights as a political weapon? a. He threatened to withdraw aid from Israel if it did not end its occupation of the West Bank. b. He temporarily moved the American Fifth Fleet out of its base in Bahrain until the government there agreed to stop jailing peaceful political dissenters. c. He condemned China, but said virtually nothing about human rights abuses in Saudi Arabia and other nations that were U.S. allies in the war on terror. d. He accused congressional Republicans of aiding the rise of ISIS with their refusal to fund additional ground troops in Iraq. e. He threatened to send more ground troops to Iraq unless the government passed legislation to protect human rights. ANS: C TOP: The Obama Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1124 | Seagull p. 1146 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.

Q: The problem of inequality in America after 2010 a. finally lost momentum with the economic recovery. b. declined as union power rose. c. grew due to rising unemployment and stagnant home sales. d. resulted from corporations paying wages at or below minimum wage. e. declined as market regulations opened new opportunities for small businesses. ANS: D TOP: Obama in Office DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1118 | Seagull p. 1139 | MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.

Q: In his eulogy for the shooting victims at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church, to what larger trend did Barack Obama connect the tragic events? a. a growing hostility toward immigrants b. a renewed hatred of organized religion c. a history of random acts of violence against no one in particular d. a long history of violence aimed at churches as a means of oppression e. a newfound movement rooted in ideas of racial inequality ANS: D TOP: Voices of Freedom | Primary Source Document DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 1119 | Seagull p. 1137 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Analyze the prevailing ideas of American freedom at the beginning of the twenty-first century.

Q: Sonia Sotomayor a. was not supported by Obama in her candidacy to the Supreme Court. b. was a candidate to become Supreme Court justice, but did not win the position. c. was the first Hispanic to be appointed to the Supreme Court. d. was the first woman to be appointed to the Supreme Court. e. was appointed by Bush to the Supreme Court. ANS: C TOP: | Obama in Office DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 1121 | Seagull p. 1137 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Understand the changes voters hoped for when they elected Barack Obama.