Q&A Hero

Q: How did 1950s consumerism differ from previous eras? a. Advertising techniques started to focus on women only. b. It demonstrated it was not better than communism. c. Mass consumption was characterized as anti-patriotic. d. Americans started using cash instead of their credit cards to purchase consumer goods. e. Americans became comfortable living in debt while using credit to buy consumer goods. ANS: E TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 943 | Seagull p. 946 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed which kind of individuals to his cabinet? a. the best and brightest young intellectuals in their fields b. former government men who had lots of combined political experience c. wealthy businessmen to run the government like an efficient business d. a balanced mixture of Republicans and Democrats, since his party did not control Congress e. weak men with little experience so that he could have complete control over domestic and foreign affairs ANS: C TOP: The Eisenhower Era DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 946 | Seagull p. 959 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Explain the ways in which the 1950s were a period of consensus both in domestic and foreign affairs.

Q: During the 1950s, television a. was accessible to very few people. b. described and projected the lives of working men and women. c. became the most common source of information. d. only projected superfluous images and programs. e. targeted women. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 943 | Seagull p. 947 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: How did President Dwight D. Eisenhower surpass the New Deal in government involvement in the economy? a. He established the Veterans Administration health-care system. b. He presided over the construction of 41,000 miles of interstate highways. c. He established the most generous agricultural subsidy programs in the nations history. d. He signed Medicaid and Medicare into law. e. He established the Head Start preschool program. ANS: B TOP: The Eisenhower Era DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 946 | Seagull p. 959 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Explain the ways in which the 1950s were a period of consensus both in domestic and foreign affairs.

Q: During the 1950s, mass consumption was promoted as a. a patriotic act. b. trivial. c. an act of rebellion. d. communism. e. anti-patriotic. ANS: A TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 940 | Seagull p. 948 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: To libertarian conservatives, freedom meant a. first and foremost a moral condition. b. individual autonomy, limited government, and unregulated capitalism. c. using government as a vehicle for social REForm, ensuring an equal distribution of wealth. d. what it did in the late eighteenth centurythe right to own property and to vote. e. racial equality and the end of a segregated society. ANS: B TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 943 | Seagull p. 955 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: William Levitt, with the help of the GI Bill, gave many Americans the opportunity to a. become homeowners. b. go to college. c. join the military. d. buy consumer goods and pay low interest. e. work for the government. ANS: A TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Easy REF: Full pp. 940941 | Seagull p. 944 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: After World War II, the automobile a. was only used in rural areas. b. was not affordable in the South. c. became central to suburban life. d. continued to be a luxury. e. was replaced by the bus as the pREFerred method of transportation. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 945 | Seagull p. 948 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: The shopping mall was the inevitable result of a. the growth in agricultural production. b. industrialization. c. urbanization. d. the growth of the suburbs. e. the legal end of segregation. ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 941 | Seagull p. 944 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: After World War II, most working women a. worked in factories. b. worked part-time to help support the familys lifestyle. c. sought personal fulfillment. d. earned as much money as their husbands. e. formed unions. ANS: B TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 945 | Seagull p. 949 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: During the Cold War, religious differences a. created much division among Americans. b. were heightened by the growth of the suburbs. c. were not a factor, as church and synagogue membership declined. d. were intensified through the institution of school prayer. e. were absorbed within the notion of a common Judeo-Christian heritage. ANS: E TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 941 | Seagull pp. 953954 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: In the 1952 presidential campaign, Richard Nixons Checkers speech a. Reflected the growing importance of board games in American life. b. Reflected the growing importance of television in American life. c. Reflected the growing importance of pets in American life. d. was not well received, and the Republicans lost the election. e. introduced plans for peace in Korea. ANS: B TOP: The Eisenhower Era DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 945 | Seagull p. 958 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Explain the ways in which the 1950s were a period of consensus both in domestic and foreign affairs.

Q: After World War II, how were Franklin Roosevelts Four Freedoms altered? a. Truman said they were no longer needed because World War II was over. b. Freedom from fear was stressed even more, due to the Cold War c. Freedom of enterprise replaced freedom from want and fear. d. Freedom of worship was replaced with freedom of the press. e. Freedom from war was added in hopes that the Cold War would not lead to a hot war. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 941 | Seagull p. 954 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: What helped Dwight D. Eisenhower win the election of 1952? a. His opponent, Adlai Stevenson, had ties to the Communist Party. b. The Democrats were blamed for losing in Vietnam. c. He made promises to bring the Korean War to an end. d. Adlai Stevenson was seen as an intellectual lightweight. e. He announced the United States was winning the arms race. ANS: C TOP: The Eisenhower Era DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 945 | Seagull p. 958 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Explain the ways in which the 1950s were a period of consensus both in domestic and foreign affairs.

Q: As suggested by some commentators, how did big business enable individual freedom in the 1950s? a. Big business successfully lobbied for higher tariffs on consumer goods, which increased profits and drove American wages up. b. With large-scale production of goods came the freedom for individuals to choose among many items. c. Corporations in the 1950s offered a range of benefits to employees that freed them from economic uncertainty. d. The repeal of New Deal regulatory controls on investment banking allowed individual Americans to put their money into the stock market without restriction. e. Big business made more luxury items affordable for the average American. ANS: B TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 942 | Seagull p. 955 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: During the 1950s, Americans a. reaffirmed the virtues of family life. b. welcomed a large wave of immigrants from eastern Europe. c. had fewer babies than before. d. married older than they did before. e. encouraged women to get a college education. ANS: A TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 946 | Seagull p. 949 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s

Q: The American National Exhibition in Moscow equated ________ with freedom. a. religion b. communism c. democracy d. consumption e. equality ANS: D TOP: Introduction DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 935 | Seagull p. 942 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: How did American companies contribute to the influx of Puerto Rican migrants by the hundreds of thousands beginning in the 1950s? a. They were looking for cheaper labor to replace expensive union contracts. b. They recruited Puerto Ricans primarily for construction jobs in Florida and in the fishing industry. c. The end of the bracero program in 1954 prompted American agribusiness to look for new cheap labor in Puerto Rico. d. The increasing control of the islands land by U.S. sugar companies pushed small farmers off the land. e. The dramatic environmental destruction corporations brought to Puerto Rico left residents no choice but to migrate to the mainland. ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 939 | Seagull pp. 951952 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: What made the Army-McCarthy hearings unusual for American television programming of the 1950s? a. It appeared in color. b. It was the first live broadcast. c. It was the first broadcast via satellite. d. It was deeply political and controversial. e. It included explicit sexual revelations. ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 935 | Seagull p. 947 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: During the 1950s a. agricultural production rose. b. the farm population increased. c. the number of factory workers increased slightly. d. the South failed to modernize its agricultural techniques. e. the center of agricultural production moved away from California. ANS: A TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 939940 | Seagull pp. 943944 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Why did auto manufacturers and oil companies vault to the top ranks of corporate America in 1950s? a. Profits in both industries rose steeply, due to the vast majority of auto manufacturing and oil Refinery jobs being shipped overseas. b. Lucrative government defense contracts continued, due to a need for military vehicles. c. The consumer demand for the automobile boomed in this decade. d. Most members of Congress had business backgrounds. e. More Americans lived in the suburbs and used public transportation to commute to work. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 935 | Seagull p. 947 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Between 1950 and 1973 there was a reduction in income inequality. This was in part due to the federal governments progressive income tax policy. In practice, how did this policy work? a. Income tax was paid depending on the age of the person. b. Voters paid higher taxes than nonvoters. c. All citizens paid an equal sum. d. Wealthy Americans paid higher taxes than others. e. Immigrants paid higher taxes than citizens. ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 936 | Seagull p. 945 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s. 14 Which statement about industry is correct? a. The West did not benefit from the industries that sprang up from the Cold War. b. By the mid-1950s, blue-collar workers outnumbered white-collar factory and manual laborers. c. The unions success in raising wages inspired employers to mechanize more and more elements of manufacturing in order to reduce labor costs. d. Since the 1950s, the American economy has shifted toward manufacturing. e. The Midwest benefited from the growth in the construction of aircraft engines and submarines. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 937 | Seagull p. 943 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: What did the Kitchen Debate between Richard Nixon and Nikita Khrushchev focus on? a. the beauty of Moscow b. the theoretical basis of communism c. the meaning of freedom d. military industries e. the possibility of becoming allies ANS: C TOP: Introduction: The Nixon-Khrushchev Kitchen Debate DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 937938 | Seagull p. 941 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: How did Los Angeles epitomize the new emphasis on the car in 1950s America? a. Filmmakers in Hollywood released hundreds of movies in the new road picture genre, featuring sleek cars racing down Los Angeles highways. b. The citys centralized design enabled people to carpool to suburban transit centers and then take public transportation. c. People drove to and from work on a web of highways and shopped at malls only accessible by driving. d. Bucking the western trend, Los Angeles actually maintained its extensive system of trains, trolleys, and buses well into the 1970s. e. Very little of the citys space was paved over with roads and freeways due to limited funding. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 934 | Seagull p. 946 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: During the 1950s, which of the following functioned as economic engines of the U.S. economy? a. technology and entertainment b. services and education c. agricultural production d. exports and imports e. construction and spending on consumer goods ANS: E TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 938 | Seagull 946 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: What was essential to the growth of suburbs? a. farmers markets b. cars c. integration d. movie theaters e. television ANS: B TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 934 | Seagull p. 946 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Why were American suburbs of the 1950s so heavily segregated? a. African-Americans pREFerred to live in the inner cities. b. Neighborhoods formed around churches, and as long as churches were segregated, suburbs would remain so as well. c. All states had laws in place mandating the segregation of residential districts. d. Residents, brokers, and realtors dealt in contracts and mortgages that barred sales to nonwhite residents. e. The federal government required segregated residential neighborhoods. ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 938 | Seagull p. 951 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: In todays United States, the most land is cultivated for what? a. to grow citrus fruit b. to grow lettuce c. to raise cattle d. to grow grass e. to grow potatoes ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 934 | Seagull p. 946 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: The Housing Act of 1949 a. set a high income ceiling for eligibility. b. reinforced the concentration of poverty in nonwhite urban neighborhoods. c. ended the concentration of poverty in nonwhite urban neighborhoods. d. allowed growing numbers of blacks to move to the suburbs. e. paired with urban renewal programs, made American cities more diverse and prosperous. ANS: B TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 939 | Seagull p. 951 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Explain the ways in which the 1950s were a period of consensus both in domestic and foreign affairs. During the Kitchen Debate, what prediction made by Nikita Khrushchev would never become a reality? a. The Soviet Union would be the first to land on the moon. b. The United States would win the Vietnam War. c. The United States would keep public schools segregated. d. The Soviet Union would outproduce Americans in consumer goods. e. The Soviet Unions communist government would outlast the United States as a republic. ANS: D TOP: Economic Development | Cultural History | Introduction: The Nixon-Khrushchev Kitchen Debate DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 929930 | Seagull p. 942 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: The impact of the Cold War on the civil rights movement a. was quite limited at the time. b. was beneficial because the Urban League accepted communists into its ranks. c. included government action against black leaders. d. caused the NAACP to enlist the aid of the Soviets. e. brought wider support for civil rights from southern Democrats who wanted to fight communism. ANS: C TOP: Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 920 | Seagull pp. 934935 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: How did black organizations employ the language of the Cold War? a. Most black activists shied away from any nod to Cold War language for fear of government reprisals. b. Organizations such as the NAACP used phrases such as freedom versus slavery to rally support for desegregation. c. They noted how the Russians could use racism to damage Americas image abroad, given its hypocrisy about the meaning of freedom at home. d. The NAACP in particular copied the tactics of communist strategists in labor organizations such as the Southern Conference for Human Welfare. e. The NAACP adopted and translated slogans from the Soviet Union. ANS: C TOP: Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 921 | Seagull p. 935 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Examine the major thrusts of the civil rights movement in this period. Between 1946 and 1960, the American gross national product a. more than doubled, and wages increased. b. declined as wages stagnated. c. stayed about the same. d. returned to prewar levels. e. increased so dramatically that poverty was completely eliminated. ANS: A TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 930 | Seagull p. 942 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: What was so ironic about Dean Achesons speech to the Delta Council in 1947? a. Acheson praised the presidents defense of democratic institutions in a place that did not know democracy. b. Acheson was urging the gathering of cotton planters to automate production, while the Democrats were pushing for fair wages for black farmworkers. c. Acheson was delivering a speech meant for new African-American Democrats in Mississippi to a gathering of white supremacists. d. The Under Secretary of State was warning the same audience against the Cold War that had already heard Churchills Iron Curtain speech a month prior. e. Acheson had delivered the same speech to the council the year before. ANS: A TOP: Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 921 | Seagull p. 935 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Discuss the significance of the presidential election of 1960. Multiple Choice What about the golden age of capitalism between 1946 and 1960 was most beneficial for Americans? a. The American GNP more than doubled. b. The United States maintained a trade surplus. c. Prices remained stable. d. Most monetary gains reached ordinary citizens through rising wages. e. The economy operated on the gold standard, which made it safe from recessions. ANS: D TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 930 | Seagull p. 942 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Civil rights initiatives after 1948 a. waned, given widespread American sentiment that any criticism of American society smacked of disloyalty. b. continued in the same vein as those achieved during the Truman administration. c. included enforcement of bans on discrimination in employment and housing. d. remained a strong priority for the Democratic Party. e. became more important after the Soviets pointed out American hypocrisy. ANS: A TOP: Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 921 | Seagull p. 935 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Why did orange juice become more prevalent in the 1950s? a. The Orange Bowl football game was televised nationally. b. People discovered the positive effects of vitamin C. c. The amount of large corporate farms in California increased. d. Inexpensive oranges were imported from Asia. e. The juicer was invented. ANS: C TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 932 | Seagull p. 944 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: In his Wheeling, West Virginia, speech of 1950, who did Joseph McCarthy claim had been infiltrated by communists? a. Hollywood b. the State Department c. Broadway d. unions e. the Department of Defense ANS: B TOP: Voices of Freedom | Primary Source Document DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 924 | Seagull p. 936 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Which of the following is true about the growth of the postwar West? a. Unlike in previous migrations, people flowed into the region exclusively from the Northeast. b. Washington and Oregon eclipsed Californias population, due to unprecedented employment opportunities in the defense industry. c. Most western growth took place in rural rather than urban areas. d. Steel production led to explosive population growth in Dallas and Houston. e. California was the most popular destination and surpassed New York as the most populated state in 1963. ANS: E TOP: The Golden Age DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 933 | Seagull p. 945 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of communists working for the U.S. State Department. Why did the Republican Party initially support McCarthys actions? a. because his list was accurate and curated by CIA insiders b. because he was an effective weapon against the Truman administration c. because McCarthy was an ex-communist himself d. because of McCarthys status as a famous and trusted senator e. because McCarthy swore on the Bible that his information was accurate ANS: B TOP: Voices of Freedom | Primary Source Document DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 924 | Seagull p. 936 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Why did Margaret Chase Smith disagree with Joseph McCarthys anticommunist agenda? a. The United States was winning the Cold War. b. She showed that he actually downplayed the communist threat. c. The Republican Party did not need political victories. d. McCarthy was promoting hate and character assassination. e. The Democrats needed to regain control of the Senate. ANS: D TOP: Voices of Freedom | Primary Source Document DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 925 | Seagull pp. 936937 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture. Matching Test 1 ___ 1. Alger Hiss ___ 2. Walter Lippmann ___ 3. Joseph McCarthy ___ 4. Douglas MacArthur ___ 5. George Kennan ___ 6. Harry Truman ___ 7. Jackie Robinson ___ 8. Henry Wallace ___ 9. Rosenbergs ___ 10. Henry Steele Commager ___ 11. Whittaker Chambers ___ 12. Eleanor Roosevelt a. accused Alger Hiss of being a spy b. Korean War commander c. 1948 Progressive Party candidate d. critic of the Cold War e. prosecuted by HUAC f. Who Is Loyal to America? g. author of containment doctrine h. black baseball star i. Fair Deal j. senator from Wisconsin k. chaired committee on human rights l. convicted of spying

Q: Operation Wetback a. was the code name for a CIA operation conducted on the border between Texas and Mexico. b. was how leftist news organizations described the McCarran-Walter Act. c. was a military operation that rounded up illegal aliens found in Mexican-American neighborhoods for deportation. d. was opposed by President Truman. e. deported very few illegal aliens. ANS: C TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 920 | Seagull p. 934 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s. What did Nixon recognize as even more globally influential than military might? a. capitalist rhetoric b. Americas relationship with Cuba c. American goods and popular culture d. propaganda disguised as art e. American cuisine ANS: C TOP: Economic Development | Cultural History | Introduction: The Nixon-Khrushchev Kitchen Debate DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 929 | Seagull pp. 941942 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Identify the main characteristics of the affluent society of the 1950s.

Q: Organized labor emerged as a. a vocal critic of McCarthyism. b. a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War. c. a radical wing of the Communist Party. d. a militant group willing to fight the Red Scare. e. the best informants for the FBI and HUAC. ANS: B TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 920 | Seagull p. 934 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Joseph McCarthy a. had the full support of the Senate during his anticommunist crusade. b. successfully uncovered the communist infiltration of the federal government. c. successfully uncovered the communist infiltration of the U.S. Army. d. was hailed as an American hero for his fight against communism. e. was an embarrassment to his party by 1954. ANS: E TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 915916 | Seagull p. 931 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: The McCarran-Walter Act a. removed immigration quotas based on nationality. b. made immigration law much more flexible for Asians and Latinos. c. recognized the need for political asylum for refugees from South Africa. d. authorized the deportation of communists, including naturalized citizens. e. was supported by President Truman. ANS: D TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 917 | Seagull pp. 933934 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Which of the following became an incentive for reconsidering what it meant to be American? a. totalitarianism b. segregation c. labor rights d. the economic market e. communism ANS: E TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 916 | Seagull 929 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Explain how the Cold War reshaped the ideas of American freedom.

Q: Starting in the 1950s, the government asked federal employees to demonstrate their patriotism. This was especially true for those who were suspected of being disloyal. Along with this group, what other minority was specifically targeted by the government? a. gays and lesbians b. Chinese immigrants c. artists d. women e. Catholics ANS: A TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 918 | Seagull p. 930 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: The charges against which of the following organizations led to the downfall of Joseph McCarthy in 1954? a. the Defense Department b. the Voice of America c. the State Department d. the army e. the Communist Party ANS: D TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 916 | Seagull p. 931 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: The McCarren-Walter Act a. adopted a nuanced immigration policy. b. converted the quota-based immigration system into a system based on labor needs. c. gave continuity to the quota-based immigration system. d. declared that no foreign-born Americans could ever be deported. e. decided to maintain the quota-based immigration system only in regard to European countries. ANS: C TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 918 | Seagull p. 930 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: During the Cold War, Americans a. formed anticommunist groups who pressured public libraries to remove un-American books from their shelves. b. were united in their outrage over the jailing of Communist Party leaders. c. fired teachers who refused to sign loyalty oaths. d. remained generally unconcerned over the prospect of communists living in America. e. made a concerted effort to better understand Soviet ideologies. ANS: A TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 916 | Seagull p. 932 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Which of the following describes Operation Wetback? a. a program put in place to deport Asian-American citizens b. a program launched by the government with the objective of finding illegal Mexican immigrants and deporting them c. a program sponsoring the creation of an alternative navy to patrol American waters d. a program set in motion specifically to deport communists e. a program that penalized factories and enterprises hiring illegal immigrants ANS: B TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 918 | Seagull p. 930 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: What did the McCarren-Walter Act of 1952 permit? a. the holding of political prisoners b. the barring of Jews from working at the State Department c. the revocation of U.S. citizenship if deemed necessary d. the president to decide who could enter the country e. unlimited immigration ANS: C TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 917 | Seagull p. 930 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Which of the following describes Oscar Handlins denunciation? a. He believed immigrants should pay higher taxes before having the possibility of becoming U.S. citizens. b. He believed all immigrants needed to be more American if they wanted to become U.S. citizens. c. He believed the McCarren-Walter Act assumed there were different degrees of American citizenship. d. He believed the government was not making as big an effort as it should to eliminate communism. e. He believed all Russian descendants should be deported. ANS: C TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 919 | Seagull p. 931 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture

Q: Which of the following accurately depicts one of the uses of anticommunism? a. Businesses resisted government regulatory efforts as socialism. b. Conservative Catholic congregations were investigated for enforcing principles of communist conformity among parishioners. c. New Deal Democrats accused Republicans of subversion. d. Progressives supported the implementation of tough anticommunist measures as a defense against Democratic charges of disloyalty. e. The McCarran-Walter Act abolished immigration quotas but authorized the execution of immigrants identified as communists. ANS: A TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 917 | Seagull p. 932 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: What type of faith did Oscar Handlin believe Americans should reaffirm? a. in believing that the free market would provide for the betterment of all American citizens b. in the greatness of the United States c. in the U.S. military d. in democracy e. in believing that all men could become Americans ANS: E TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 919 | Seagull p. 931 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Why did Harry Trumans loyalty review system target homosexuals working for the government? a. The president was an outspoken homophobe. b. Joseph McCarthys announcement that there were over fifty homosexuals in the State Department had forced Trumans hand. c. Homosexuals were legally prohibited from working for the government. d. Homosexuals were considered susceptible to blackmail and thought to be lacking the manly qualities necessary to fight communism. e. Truman was alleged to be gay himself and sought to deflect any suspicions. ANS: D TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 913914 | Seagull p. 929 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: Why did anticommunist Harry Truman veto the McCarran-Walter Act? a. The anticommunist measures targeting immigrants did not go far enough for Truman. b. The McCarran-Walter Act closely mirrored the Committee on Immigrations report, Whom Shall We Welcome, an investigation commissioned by Trumans political enemies. c. Truman had become alarmed at the excesses of the anticommunist crusade. d. Truman did not actually veto the act, preferring to propose an alternative bill. e. The bill did not adequately address how to respond to illegal aliens. ANS: C TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 917 | Seagull p. 933 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Explain how the Cold War reshaped the ideas of American freedom.

Q: Who made a name for himself with the Alger Hiss spy case? a. John Kennedy b. Henry Kissinger c. Daniel Ellsberg d. Lyndon Johnson e. Richard Nixon ANS: E TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 914 | Seagull p. 929 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture. 74 What reason did the Hollywood Ten give for not cooperating with the HUAC hearings? a. They were all communists and did want to indict themselves. b. Ronald Reagan had threatened that they would lose their jobs if they cooperated. c. They were all busy making movies and did not have time to attend the hearings. d. They felt the hearings were a violation of the First Amendment. e. As Republicans, they were insulted that their loyalty was being questioned. ANS: D TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 914 | Seagull p. 929 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: How did white supremacists take advantage of anticommunist rhetoric? a. They pointed to the interracial society of the Soviet Union as a warning sign. b. They stressed the fact that African-Americans were twenty times more likely to be communist than whites. c. They pointed out that the United States only reliable ally against the Soviet Union was the apartheid regime of South Africa. d. They charged African-American civil rights leaders with a communist agenda. e. They proposed deputizing the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) as an anticommunist paramilitary unit. ANS: D TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 917 | Seagull p. 933 MSC: Applying OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: The 1948 presidential race a. was a three-way race. b. was the last to occur before television forever changed campaigning. c. ended the movement of southern Democrats into the Republican Party. d. highlighted gender as a campaign issue for the Republican Party. e. had Strom Thurmond as a close second to Harry Truman. ANS: B TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 911 | Seagull p. 927 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: What was To Secure These Rights? a. a World War II propaganda film that denounced fascism b. an indictment of racial inequality in America issued by the Commission on Civil Rights c. a government film on how the United States needed to stand up to the Soviet Union d. a Major League baseball report recommending how to integrate blacks into the sport e. a documentary about creating the Constitution and the Bill of Rights ANS: B TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 910 | Seagull p. 925 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: Why did southern Democrats fear losing their position in the Democratic Party following its national convention of 1948? a. Their numbers were ever shrinking in proportion to northern Democrats. b. The migration westward had significantly reduced the southern Democratic constituency. c. President Truman used the convention to bolster the position of his fellow Democrats from the northeastern establishment. d. Party liberals under the leadership of Hubert Humphrey had added a strong civil rights plank to the party platform. e. The success of Republicans in the South was eroding the constituency base for southern Democrats. ANS: D TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 910911 | Seagull p. 926 MSC: Applying OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: In the aftermath of World War II a. most women were able to retain their jobs. b. the divorce rate plummeted. c. the majority of soldiers went back to work. d. the government managed to control prices. e. Truman refused to go back to anything similar to the New Deal. ANS: C TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 912 | Seagull p. 922 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: Who were the Dixiecrats? a. members of the national press corps who covered the story of Strom Thurmonds breakaway from the Democratic Party b. southern Democrats who walked out of the 1948 convention to form the States Rights Democratic Party c. southern labor organizers who campaigned against passage of the Taft-Hartley Act d. Republicans who favored maintaining segregation in the South in support of the principle of states rights e. members of the Commission on Civil Rights ANS: B TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 910911 | Seagull p. 926 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: Which of the following statements describes a sign that racial relations were changing after World War II? a. Hoping to cast their votes, southern blacks started to emigrate to the North. b. Jackie Robinson, the baseball player, came close to joining the Dodgers. c. The number of interracial marriages grew considerably. d. In several episodes of his radio show, Superman fought against the Ku Klux Klan. e. Lynching practices considerably declined. ANS: D TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 912 | Seagull p. 925 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Analyze the effects of Cold War anticommunism on American politics and culture.

Q: The committee that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was led by a. President Truman. b. Dwight Eisenhower. c. Eleanor Roosevelt. d. Franklin Roosevelt. e. Winston Churchill. ANS: C TOP: The Cold War and the Idea of Freedom DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 911 | Seagull p. 920 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Explain how the Cold War reshaped the ideas of American freedom.

Q: Which of the following statements about the Cold Wars impact on American life are true? a. The Cold War froze old immigration policies. b. The Cold War halted the expansion of higher education. c. Cold War policy neglected scientific research in medicine and computers. d. The Cold War contributed to the dismantling of segregation. e. Cold War military spending weakened the economy. ANS: D TOP: The Anticommunist Crusade DIF: Easy REF: Full pp. 912913 | Seagull pp. 927928 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights a. established an enforcing mechanism. b. protected people against arbitrary governments. c. failed to include freedom of religion. d. was drafted by Delano Roosevelt. e. failed to include economic rights. ANS: B TOP: The Cold War and the Idea of Freedom DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 911 | Seagull p. 920 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Explain how the Cold War reshaped the ideas of American freedom.

Q: Operation Dixie was a. a military operation in Berlin. b. a propaganda campaign led by the national government. c. an effort to stop segregation in the northern states. d. a campaign hoping to eliminate anti-labor conservatives from the South. e. an initiative to reeducate GIs. ANS: D TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 913 | Seagull p. 922 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: On what topic did Henry A. Wallace significantly differ from Truman? a. segregation b. voting rights c. waging the Cold War d. creating jobs e. improving the social safety net ANS: C TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 911 | Seagull p. 926 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: The Taft-Hartley Act a. was drafted by President Truman. b. was vetoed by President Truman. c. empowered workers and unions. d. was opposed by the large majority of women. e. promoted workers rights. ANS: B TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 914 | Seagull p. 923 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: In 1948, the Progressive Party a. advocated expanded social welfare programs. b. supported segregation. c. supported Trumans civil rights proposals. d. agreed with Trumans Cold War policies. e. did not allow socialists or communists to join. ANS: A TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 911 | Seagull p. 926 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: In addition to despising racism, what motivated President Truman to push for civil rights? a. He hoped to gain reparations for African-Americans who had descendants that had been slaves. b. He wanted to increase the number of black voters in the Republican Party. c. It was part of his strategy to win reelection. d. He thought it would silence Joe McCarthy in his attempt to weed out communism. e. He wanted to protect jobs for women. ANS: C TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 910 | Seagull p. 925 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: What helped Harry Truman win reelection? a. He toned down his attacks on segregation. b. He revived New Deal rhetoric. c. He talked about easing tensions with the Soviet Union. d. He avoided commitment on controversial issues. e. The Republican candidate faced an embezzlement scandal. ANS: B TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 911 | Seagull p. 927 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: What did the Soviet Union claim to provide to all its citizens? a. democratic rights b. civil liberties c. free health care d. social and economic rights e. the right to vote ANS: D TOP: The Cold War and the Idea of Freedom DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 906 | Seagull p. 921 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Explain how the Cold War reshaped the ideas of American freedom.

Q: Besides failing to unionize the South, what other intended goal did Operation Dixie not meet? a. ending segregation in southern public schools b. weakening the political control of conservative Democrats in the South c. creating more military bases in the South d. lessening the influence of the Communist Party in America e. moving textile jobs from the South to the North ANS: B TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 908 | Seagull p. 923 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: Which of the following statements is true of the Fair Deal? a. The Fair Deal included a provision to reduce public housing. b. Congress passed Trumans Fair Deal to raise the standard of living for Americans. c. The Fair Deal included a provision to freeze the minimum wage. d. The Fair Deal included a provision to create a national health insurance program. e. The Fair Deal included a provision to cut Social Security coverage. ANS: D TOP: The Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 907 | Seagull p. 922 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: Between 1945 and 1952, what was one way in which black Americans gained more rights? a. The Voting Rights Act was passed. b. No lynchings took place during these seven years. c. Eleven states established fair employment practices commissions. d. The first African-American senator was elected. e. Jackie Robinson joined the New York Giants in 1947. ANS: C TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 908909 | Seagull p. 924 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.

Q: Why did nearly 5 million workers walk off their jobs over the course of 1946? a. Returning veterans had been given preferential treatment in hiring and promotion. b. The millions of women who had worked in defense industries were refusing to leave their jobs. c. The postwar wave of deflation was dramatically reducing the value of workers wages. d. The removal of price controls resulted in a drop in workers real income. e. American workers had accumulated months of vacation and overtime during the war years. ANS: D TOP: Truman Presidency DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 907 | Seagull pp. 922923 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Explain the major initiatives of Trumans domestic policies.