Q&A Hero

Q: Following the 1938 elections, a new coalition came to control Congress. It consisted of what groups? a. rural western and southern politicians b. immigrants from western and eastern Europe c. southern Republicans and southern Democrats d. southern Democrats and northern Republicans e. wealthy Catholic and Protestant politicians from New England ANS: D TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 841 | Seagull p. 858 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: What was the focus of Hollywood films such as Mr. Deeds Goes to Town and Mr. Smith Goes to Washington? a. an antihero who dropped out of society b. ghosts that haunted cities c. the fight against communism d. a hero that defeated corruption e. exposing Nazism ANS: D TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 838 | Seagull p. 853 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: What type of image grew in popularity among painters and writers during the 1930s? a. the lives of ordinary people leading their ordinary lives b. the richness of the country c. poverty d. modernization e. the industrial vanguard the United States represented ANS: A TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 842 | Seagull p. 853 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: What was Martha Grahams 1938 modern dance masterpiece called? a. The Gettysburg Address b. Voices of Freedom c. The Declaration of Independence d. The Liberty Bell e. American Document ANS: E TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 838 | Seagull p. 854 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: The New Deal will be remembered in American history a. as a set of public policy initiatives that forever changed American prosperity. b. as more powerful in scope than future European welfare states. c. for recasting the idea of freedom to include a public guarantee of economic security. d. as the key factor in Franklin D. Roosevelts deep unpopularity with the majority of the American people by 1940. e. as a bold and largely unsuccessful experiment in state-sponsored socialism. ANS: C TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 842843 | Seagull pp. 858859 MSC: Applying OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: The Scottsboro case a. reflected the racism that was prevalent in the South during the 1930s. b. was refused a hearing by the Supreme Court. c. was publicized by the Industrial Workers of the World. d. established legal principles that greatly restricted the definition of civil liberties. e. represented progress in the cause of civil rights for African-Americans. ANS: A TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 839 | Seagull pp. 854855 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: What ended the Great Depression? a. New Deal programs b. the rebound of the stock market c. World War II spending d. laissez-faire government e. a bailout by J. P. Morgan ANS: C TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 843 | Seagull p. 859 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: How did the government try to prevent the rise of women in the workforce during the Depression? a. State and local governments prohibited the hiring of women whose husbands did not earn a living wage. b. New Deal programs such as Social Security established quotas for the distribution of benefits to working women. c. Legislation banned both members of a married couple from holding federal jobs. d. Employers needed to obtain permits to hire women. e. Women were publicly shamed and spat at for working for wages. ANS: C TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 830 | Seagull p. 846 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: In the mid-1930s, what did the umbrella term the left describe? a. Nazis, Marxists, and Republicans b. socialists, communists, labor radicals, and New Deal liberals c. immigrants, farmers, and factory workers d. those left (west) of the Mississippi River e. anarchists, intellectuals, and artists ANS: B TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 836 | Seagull p. 852 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: What was the focus of the 1936 election? a. whether Herbert Hoover should be reelected despite the Great Depression b. the impending war and the aggression of Nazi Germany c. the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in China d. Franklin Roosevelts disability from polio e. whether or not liberty implied economic deregulation or equitable distribution of wealth among citizens ANS: E TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 827 | Seagull p. 841 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: Which of the following does NOT accurately describe a result of the southern veto? a. Southern states had an enormous impact on national policy during the Depression. b. New Deal programs largely benefited whites at the expense of blacks. c. Blacks lost the right to vote across the South. d. To maintain support in Congress, Roosevelt pursued legislation acceptable to southern Democrats. e. Southerners held key leadership positions in Congress. ANS: C TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Easy REF: Full pp. 830831 | Seagull p. 846847 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: Why did a stigma emerge around public assistance during the New Deal years? a. Only a very few Americans actually needed government assistance during the Great Depression. b. Black workers were relegated to the least generous assistance programs, with discriminatory eligibility standards administered by states. c. New Deal work programs helped restore economic prosperity relatively quickly, leaving only the least qualified long-term unemployed behind. d. By the middle of the 1930s, more and more Americans came to associate New Deal assistance programs with similar government help offered in Nazi Germany. e. Despite his successes, Roosevelt remained deeply unpopular with Americans, who hated themselves for depending on his programs. ANS: B TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 831 | Seagull p. 847 MSC: Applying OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: Why did FDR try to change the balance of power on the Supreme Court? a. He feared the Supreme Court might invalidate the Wagner and Social Security Acts. b. He was worried about being able to run for a third term as president. c. He needed the Courts support for upcoming war measures against Germany. d. He feared that the Supreme Court might invalidate the National Recovery Act or the Agricultural Adjustment Act. e. He feared that the Supreme Court might deem sit-down strikes unconstitutional. ANS: A TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 827828 | Seagull p. 841 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: Which of the following statements is true of the Indian New Deal? a. It ended the policy of forced assimilation. b. It reinforced federal authority over Indian affairs. c. It continued the policy of the Dawes Act. d. It replaced schools on reservations with boarding schools. e. It allowed reservations access to irrigated water from the Grand Coulee Dam. ANS: A TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 832 | Seagull p. 848 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: After the Court-packing attempt, how did the change in the jurisprudence of the U.S. Supreme Court affect American life? a. Changing sentiments in the U.S. Supreme Court led to the erosion of the Wagner Act. b. The newfound resolve of the U.S. Supreme Court meant a restoration of the National Recovery Act. c. The new lineup in the U.S. Supreme Court meant that Roosevelt had to abandon plans for universal health care. d. The new political climate in the U.S. Supreme Court meant that a federal child labor ban could stand constitutional muster. e. A chastised Supreme Court began to focus on securing constitutional protections for a burgeoning civil rights movement. ANS: D TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 828 | Seagull p. 844 MSC: Applying OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: The Fair Labor Standards Act instituted which of the following changes? a. deregulated goods produced by child labor from interstate commerce b. established the fifty-hour workweek c. abolished the minimum wage d. required overtime pay e. deregulated working conditions ANS: D TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 828 | Seagull p. 844 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: What prompted as many as 200,000 American citizens to leave the country during the Great Depression? a. They sought exile in the Soviet Union, where they hoped economic planning would bring about prosperity more quickly. b. They returned to their home countries in Europe, frustrated with the lack of economic opportunity in the United States. c. Some children had little choice, as they went with their Mexican-born parents to Mexico. d. These Americans often traveled to Latin America, trying to promote the policies of the New Deal. e. They deeply resented the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt. ANS: C TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 832 | Seagull p. 849 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: Which of the following had been a traditional belief prior to the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes? a. Balanced budgets were sacred. b. A bimetallic standard was superior to the gold standard. c. Depressions typically emerged from a consumers crisis of confidence. d. A national economy always benefited from a trade surplus. e. Deficits are not a problem, as long as they do not enlarge national debt. ANS: A TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 828829 | Seagull pp. 844845 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: When Mary McLeod Bethune remarked that the New Deal offered African-Americans a new day, she a. was referring to the successful passage of a federal anti-lynching law. b. expressed the hope for change despite discrimination in federal housing and employment. c. was referring to the growing support for black rights in the South. d. expressed her approval of New Deal policies regarding blacks. e. was referring to expanded coverage for blacks under Social Security. ANS: B TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 833834 | Seagull p. 850 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: Which phrase best describes Eleanor Roosevelts tenure as First Lady? a. She was very traditional. b. She had modest goals. c. She only championed the cause of childrens health care. d. She worked hard for her husband but did not take up any causes of her own. e. She redefined the role of First Lady. ANS: E TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 829 | Seagull p. 845 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: How did the federal government institutionalize racism during the New Deal? a. The Wagner Act excluded African-Americans. b. The Federal Housing Administration refused to ensure mortgages in integrated neighborhoods. c. The abolition of the gold standard penalized more traditional family savings in bullion. d. The Security and Exchange Commission was staffed entirely by Anglo-Americans. e. Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced segregation to Washington, D.C., and eliminated blacks from all positions of responsibility in the federal government. ANS: B TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 834 | Seagull pp. 850851 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: What best describes New York mayor Fiorello La Guardias relationship with Franklin Roosevelt? a. Hostile; Roosevelt held back funding for New York. b. Tense; La Guardia was critical of Roosevelts anti-immigrant rhetoric. c. Mistrustful; La Guardia was a Republican. d. Pragmatic; they worked closely together on New Deal spending. e. Hopeful; both men were from New York. ANS: D TOP: A New Conception of America DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 835836 | Seagull p. 852 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 6. Explain how the Popular Front influenced American culture in the 1930s.

Q: Which of the following statements best assesses the fate of feminism during the New Deal? a. Eleanor Roosevelts leadership helped bring about a revival of organized feminism. b. Since women in domestic service were less often fired than blue-collar male workers, feminists earned much public sympathy. c. Given the broad consensus that the job claims of male providers superseded womens, organized feminism essentially disappeared. d. The sense of failure men experienced in the workplace prompted many of them to turn to women and feminists for leadership. e. The women-friendly policies of the WPA, CCC, and CWA gave womens claim for equal pay a boost. ANS: C TOP: The Limits of Change DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 829 | Seagull p. 846 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 5. Analyze how the New Deal benefits applied to women and minorities.

Q: Why did Roosevelts Republican challenger, Alfred Landon, fail in his bid for the presidency in 1936? a. His traditional urban Catholic constituency considered him too radical. b. The Republican establishment thought him too much like Roosevelt for their taste. c. He had made the mistake of relying on the organizational skills of the conservative AFL. d. He faced a powerful new political coalition that would deliver Republicans plenty of defeats for the next few decades. e. As a Kansas native, he could not win the coastal population centers. ANS: D TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 827 | Seagull p. 841 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: What was the focus of the Second New Deal? a. business recovery b. sustaining mass purchasing power among the population c. promoting employment in private businesses d. aiding agricultural workers e. maintaining economic inequality ANS: B TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 824 | Seagull p. 835 MSC: Applying OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: Upton Sinclair a. represented factory owners in California. b. manipulated information to win elections. c. circulated false information about his opponent. d. won elections in 1934. e. wanted to provide jobs for the unemployed. ANS: E TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 822 | Seagull p. 833 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: In Roosevelts 1934 fireside chat, what did he fear wasting? a. plastics b. workers c. money d. animals e. energy ANS: B TOP: Voices of Freedom | Primary Source Document DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 824 | Seagull p. 842 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: Which statement about the Social Security Act is correct? a. It excluded aid to families with dependent children. b. It was original in its concept and design. c. Congress forced the provision for national health insurance into the original bill. d. It created a system of unemployment insurance. e. Its coverage excluded most poor whites from the program. ANS: D TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 822 | Seagull p. 837 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: The Wagner Act a. promoted associations among business owners. b. created a state-sponsored union for all factory employees. c. suspended labor unions. d. was considered the Labors Magna Carta because it brought democracy into the American workplace. e. was passed to promote full employment by lowering wages. ANS: D TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 825 | Seagull p. 837 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: According to John Steinbecks Harvest Gypsies, how were the migrant farm workers of the Great Depression different from those in earlier time periods? a. Earlier migrants were paid more money. b. Many of the migrants of the Great Depression had owned land. c. The migrant workers of the Great Depression had never had homes. d. The Great Depression migrants were treated with much more respect. e. The migrant workers of earlier time periods were rarely immigrants. ANS: B TOP: Voices of Freedom | Primary Source Document DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 825 | Seagull p. 842843 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: Which statement about the New Deal is true? a. The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) helped small tenant farmers like those living in the Dust Bowl. b. The first New Deal dealt mostly with economic security. c. The New Deal championed civil rights and actively worked at ending Jim Crow. d. The Second New Deal dealt mostly with economic recovery. e. Social Security was a Second New Deal program. ANS: E TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 822 | Seagull p. 837 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: The Social Security Act of 1935 a. was first envisioned by President Hoover. b. was financed by general government revenues. c. provided pensions to the aged and unemployment benefits. d. applied to agricultural workers. e. was fully controlled by the federal government. ANS: C TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 826 | Seagull p. 837 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: The Share Our Wealth movement a. wanted to confiscate the wealth of the richest Americans. b. was led by Franklin Roosevelts brother. c. never intended to become a national political party. d. was part of the First New Deal. e. pushed the countrys large corporations to invest in Latin American countries. ANS: A TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 823 | Seagull p. 834 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: In fireside chats and public addresses, President Roosevelt connected freedom with a. economic security. b. cuts in government spending. c. Keynesian economic theory. d. economic inequality. e. laissez-faire economics. ANS: A TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 823, 826 | Seagull p. 839 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: The original Social Security bill envisioned which of the following benefits that was dropped in Congress? a. a national system of health insurance b. business-recovery measures c. anti-competition laws d. compulsory education e. a plan for government spending to modernize the state ANS: A TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 826 | Seagull p. 837 MSC: Applying OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: How did President Franklin D. Roosevelt describe the notion of a liberty of contract? a. He described it as the foundation of social justice. b. He rejected it as a violation of his own socialist principles. c. He dismissed it as an un-American idea from the welfare states of Europe. d. He denounced it as a service to the interest of the privileged few. e. He compared it to the civil right to marry whom you love. ANS: D TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 826 | Seagull p. 839 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: How did Roosevelts opponents characterize liberty? a. Liberty meant the economic security of having a job that paid for food, clothing, and shelter. b. The federal government needed to freely spend money to create jobs. c. Liberty meant freedom from powerful government. d. Free speech needed to be protected in the workplace. e. Unions needed to be officially recognized in order to protect workers rights. ANS: C TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 823, 826 | Seagull pp. 839840 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: The Second New Deal focused on a. economic recovery. b. economic security. c. political rights. d. equality. e. shrinking the size of the federal government. ANS: B TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 824| Seagull p. 835 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: In the presidential election of 1936 a. Roosevelt chose not to run again. b. business leaders supported the Democratic Party. c. the so-called New Deal Coalition reelected FDR in a landslide. d. the Republican candidate Alfred Landon promised to expand Social Security. e. the Republican candidate Alfred Landon almost won. ANS: C TOP: A Reckoning with Liberty DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 827 | Seagull p. 841 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 4. Assess the ways in which the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom.

Q: Who was Charles E. Coughlin? a. He was a radio priest who criticized Wall Street bankers. b. He was the chaplain to Congress. c. He was a preacher who held revivals on the radio. d. He was a priest who became an adviser to FDR. e. He was a rabbi who warned Americans about Hitler. ANS: A TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 819 | Seagull p. 834 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: Which of the following Second New Deal measures came closest to meeting the demands of the Congress of Industrial Organizations for workplace democracy? a. Social Security b. Federal Housing Administration c. the Wagner Act d. the Works Progress Administration e. the Security and Exchange Commission ANS: C TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 821822 | Seagull p. 837 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: Fearing a sit-down strike in 1937, how did U.S. Steel react? a. The company hired private detectives to infiltrate the Steel Workers Organizing Committee. b. The company hired a private police force to prevent a sit-down. c. The company offered a slight raise, but refused to recognize the Steel Workers Organizing Committee. d. The company agreed to recognize the Steel Workers Organizing Committee. e. The company asked several states to send a militia. ANS: D TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 817 | Seagull p. 832 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: Religion on the radio in the 1930s a. had little influence on American public views about politics. b. paved the way for broadcast media to disseminate religious messages. c. was characterized by Father Charles E. Coughlin, whose show criticizing government economic intervention amounted to a holy crusade in support of big business and Wall Street bankers. d. replaced traveling evangelist preachers. e. was briefly popular before dying out prior to the start of World War II. ANS: B TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 819 | Seagull p. 835 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: New Deal housing policy a. was created to protect current homeowners and provide incentives for new homeowners. b. deepened previous government practices. c. helped very few Americans get new homes. d. was created to protect loaning banks and landlords. e. failed to address the needs of families wanting to buy homes. ANS: A TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 817818 | Seagull p. 829 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: What was ironic about the actions of some fundamentalist preachers? a. Some embraced communism, which criticized organized religion. b. Some preachers advocated going to the movies on Sundays instead of church. c. They gave sermons that portrayed Jesus as a corporate leader. d. They contradicted their anti-modernist message by using radio broadcasting. e. Some mistakenly defended evolution. ANS: D TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 819 | Seagull p. 835 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: What did the Twenty-first Amendment do? a. ended literacy requirements for voting b. ended Prohibition c. allowed women to vote d. gave workers the right to form unions e. allowed men and women to carry guns for self-defense. ANS: B TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 818 | Seagull p. 829 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Which of the following statements explains why the phrase labors great upheaval accurately describes some of the events of 1934? a. Small-scale craft workers participated in strikes on an unprecedented level. b. The violent textile strike on the East Coast was overwhelmingly successful. c. Five thousand auto workers in Toledo, Kansas, battled the police and the National Guard. d. There were at least 2,000 strikes that year, many producing violent confrontations with police. e. Peaceful protests successfully changed nearly all standing labor laws. ANS: D TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 820 | Seagull p. 831 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: Which of the following statements best describes the CIOs philosophy about the role of government in relation to labor? a. Unions could work in cooperation with employers to raise wages and create consumer demand. b. Government could shield Americans from economic insecurity through health care and housing. c. Government could not be trusted, as was made clear in 1934 when elected officials across America called on local police to break up strikes and arrest labor leaders. d. Government agencies could be entrusted with negotiating labor contracts on behalf of union members. e. It continued the AFLs tradition of organizing workers by craft to carry out multiple dialogues with the government. ANS: B TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 818 | Seagull p. 833 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: By 1935, Huey Long and Francis Townsend had made which of the following approaches to economic recovery less politically attractive for New Dealers? a. agricultural reform b. Social Security reform c. the regulation of the stock market d. efforts at general business recovery e. pushing for the unionization of the nations labor force ANS: D TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 820 | Seagull p. 835 MSC: Applying OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: Which of the following statements is correct? a. Huey Long and Upton Sinclair generated movements of popular protest that helped spark the First New Deal. b. The popular followings of Upton Sinclair, Huey Long, and Dr. Francis Townsend reflected the unhappiness of many Americans over regulation of banks and businesses. c. Dr. Francis Townsends idea to have the elderly receive monthly government payments was uniformly rejected and died very quickly. d. Upton Sinclair met his death in 1935 from an assassins bullet. e. Upton Sinclair won the Democratic nomination for governor in 1934. ANS: E TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 818819 | Seagull pp. 833834 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: Assess the results of the Rural Electrification Agency. a. Farms did not only gain electricity, but also radios, refrigerators, and mechanical equipment to milk cows. b. More farms had electricity, but virtually no appliances or equipment that used electricity. c. Money was never disbursed to create electricity distribution. d. Most of the power created went to large metropolitan areas first, leaving little electricity for use in rural areas. e. By 1950, about half the homes in rural America had electricity. ANS: A TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 820 | Seagull pp. 835836 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: How did the Supreme Court judges react to New Deal laws? a. They invalidated key initiatives, as conservative judges continued to understand freedom as liberty of contract. b. They sided with Roosevelt and ruled in favor of new legislation. c. They decided based on the case and did not rule consistently. d. Some supported the New Deals policies and some did not. e. They tended to support economic changes, but not social ones. ANS: A TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 819 | Seagull p. 829 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Which of the following best describes the Works Progress Administration? a. It refused employment to professionals such as dentists. b. It put 3 million Americans to work every year until 1943. c. Its construction projects included mansions, private restaurants, and banks. d. It employed people to write novels, screenplays, and satirical skits. e. It aimed to end public art. ANS: B TOP: The Second New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 820821 | Seagull pp. 824825 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 3. Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal.

Q: How was the era of the mid-1930s, a period characterized by unprecedented labor militancy, referred to by its contemporaries? a. return to laissez-faire economics b. era of entrepreneurial development c. women to the front d. time of anarchy e. labors great upheaval ANS: E TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 819 | Seagull p. 830 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: In contrast to the American Federation of Labor, the Congress of Industrial Organizations fought for a. the organization of workers by craft. b. freedom of speech. c. industrial democracy. d. paid vacations. e. educating industrial workers. ANS: C TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 821 | Seagull p. 832 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: Which statement is true about the UAW sit-down strikes in Flint, Michigan? a. The Democratic governor used force against the workers. b. The workers were disunited. c. The workers failed to get General Motors to negotiate. d. The workers stayed inside the plants and kept the machines in working order. e. The UAW were the first to use sit-down tactics. ANS: D TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 817 | Seagull p. 832 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: The first thing that Roosevelt attended to as president was the ________ crisis. a. banking b. migration c. civil liberties d. political e. corruption ANS: A TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Easy REF: Full pp. 811 | Seagull p. 823 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: The Tennessee Valley Authority a. created national parks that promoted outdoor activities. b. competed with private companies in the business of selling electricity. c. was created and administrated by the federal government. d. did not compete with private companies. e. lasted three months. ANS: B TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 815 | Seagull p. 826 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Why did President Franklin D. Roosevelt dissolve the Civil Works Administration? a. Its head, Harold Ickes, had become embroiled in a corruption scandal. b. The CWA had worked so efficiently that it ran out of projects by the end of 1935. c. Regular Americans were complaining that they failed to see the benefits of this works program. d. Some complained this was going to create a permanent class of government dependents. e. It had been established by his predecessor, Herbert Hoover. ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 811 | Seagull p. 826 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Which two New Deal programs did the Supreme Court rule unconstitutional? a. Securities and Exchange Commission and Public Works Administration b. National Recovery Administration and Civilian Conservation Corps c. Glass-Steagall Act and Agricultural Adjustment Act d. Fair Labor Standards Act and National Recovery Administration e. Agricultural Adjustment Act and National Recovery Administration ANS: E TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 815 | Seagull pp. 829830 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: The National Industrial Recovery Act a. established business codes for several industries. b. confirmed a free-market policy. c. promoted free business practices. d. provided incentives for the creation of new industries. e. accepted unfair competition between companies. ANS: A TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 812 | Seagull p. 824 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: By 1935, the New Deal a. had ended the Depression. b. had the full support of the Supreme Court. c. was validated in the United States v. Butler decision. d. faced mounting pressures and criticism. e. was declared unconstitutional. ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 815 | Seagull p. 830 MSC: Evaluating OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: What caused the Dust Bowl? a. soil erosion b. a crop fungus c. oil drilling d. coal mining e. road building ANS: A TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 812 | Seagull p. 827 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: What factor contributed to the growth of union membership in the 1930s? a. workers militancy and the tactical skills of a new generation of leaders b. the governments unsympathetic view of workers rights c. the minimal amount of labor unrest during the 1930s d. the American Federation of Labors willingness to organize unions of industrial workers e. the United Auto Workers opposition to sit-down strikes ANS: A TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 815 | Seagull p. 830 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: The Resettlement Administration a. oversaw the eviction of sharecroppers and tenant farmers from unsuitable farmland. b. established temporary relief camps for displaced migrant workers. c. was widely considered the First New Deals most successful initiative. d. limited its scope to setting up permanent housing communities such as Greenbelt. e. was expanded to the West after its success in the South. ANS: B TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 812 | Seagull p. 828 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Why did workers during the 1930s make demands that went beyond better wages? a. They wanted to participate in management decisions. b. They were hoping that the economic crisis could be the beginning of a socialist revolution. c. They generally preferred government employment over jobs with private businesses. d. They were hoping to establish a set of basic civil liberties for workers. e. Their wages were already so high that they had to find a new agenda for which to fight. ANS: D TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 815 | Seagull p. 830 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: The Agricultural Adjustment Act a. was administered locally. b. attempted to lower farm prices. c. was intended to raise farm prices. d. formed part of the Second New Deal. e. banned production quotas. ANS: C TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 815816 | Seagull p. 826 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: According to Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis, how could corporations have prevented the Great Depression? a. by prohibiting unions b. by investing locally c. by exporting more goods overseas d. by giving workers more purchasing power e. by promoting artificial pricing ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 810811 | Seagull p. 823 MSC: Applying OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: The Civilian Conservation Corps a. was created to patrol national borders. b. helped senior citizens find suitable jobs. c. provided free education to young women. d. gave work to unemployed young men in jobs having to do with the environment. e. gave work to unemployed young men in jobs in small factories. ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 814 | Seagull pp. 825826 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: What did the election of Roosevelt mean to many American industrial workers? a. a federal government more sympathetic to the plight of small businesses b. fear that Roosevelt would advocate for welfare capitalism rather than collective bargaining c. hope for an end to the miniature dictatorships of factory managers and owners d. less support for industrial strikes that might cripple Americas economic recovery e. a new era of full employment and job security for all Americans ANS: C TOP: The Grassroots Revolt DIF: Difficult REF: Full pp. 815816 | Seagull pp. 830831 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated.

Q: Harold Ickes directed which of the following? a. Tennessee Valley Authority b. National Recovery Administration c. Public Works Administration d. Civilian Conservation Corps e. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ANS: C TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 810811 | Seagull p. 826 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Which of the following offers the best description of the First New Deal? a. It reduced the nations unemployment rate by 80 percent. b. It saw more failure than success, in terms of job creation and infrastructure improvement. c. It faced very little challenge from critics across a broad spectrum of American society. d. It was essentially a set of policy experiments that had mixed results. e. It had little effect on the role of the government. ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 814 | Seagull p. 829 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: What statement is true of the Federal Housing Administration? a. The FHA gave loans directly to home buyers. b. The FHA issued short-term money for renters. c. Under FHA guidance, expensive homes were built. d. The FHA insured long-term mortgages issued by private banks. e. The FHA focused on renting apartments rather than home purchases. ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 814 | Seagull p. 829 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: The Dust Bowl carried dust as far away as what city? a. Washington, D.C. b. Los Angeles c. Pittsburgh d. Chicago e. Charlotte ANS: A TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 816 | Seagull p. 827 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Which of the following statements best describes Roosevelts group of advisers known as the Brains Trust? a. The brains trust saw small corporations as an inevitable part of the modern economy. b. The brains trust believed that large corporations needed to be directed by the government. c. The brains trust included professional athletes. d. The brains trust was strictly opposed to the First New Deal. e. The brains trust believed that large corporations needed to be dismantled. ANS: B TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 811 | Seagull p. 823 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: What was one result of the National Recovery Administrations actions? a. The Great Depression ended. b. Differences between workers and management were resolved. c. Most automakers went bankrupt. d. Unions were strengthened. e. Larger companies were able to dominate the code-writing process at the expense of smaller ones. ANS: E TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 808809 | Seagull p. 824 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days. Which of the following describes the New Deal most accurately? a. It was a political program in which the government granted fewer rights to consumers. b. It was a political program that led the Democratic Party platform to change only slightly. c. It was a political program that decreased southern segregation significantly. d. It was a political program that integrated the notion of economic security into the definition of American freedom. e. It was a political program that greatly helped African-Americans secure employment. ANS: D TOP: Political History | Introduction: The Columbia River Project DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 804 | Seagull p. 821 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: During the electoral campaign of 1932, which was the divisive issue between Republicans and Democrats? a. economic policies b. involvement of the federal government in the everyday lives of citizens c. racial equality d. continuation of Prohibition e. workers rights ANS: D TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 809 | Seagull p. 822 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Identify the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and explain the measures they advocated. What was the result of the 1932 elections? a. The Republicans maintained control of the House and Senate. b. The Republicans only won the White House. c. The Democrats gained control of the presidency and Congress. d. The third-party Progressives won 20 percent of the seats in the House. e. The Democrats won the presidency for the fourth straight election. ANS: C TOP: The First New Deal DIF: Moderate REF: Full pp. 805806 | Seagull p. 822 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.

Q: Examine the major initiatives of the Second New Deal and analyze the ways they differed from the First New Deal. Which of the following best describes the significance of the Columbia River project? a. It typified New Deal public-works programs designed to keep natural resources in public rather than private control. b. Its result, the Grand Coulee Dam, produced the most expensive electricity in the nation. c. Its complete failure reflected the overall lack of public support for building projects. d. Its consideration of environmental impact (such as accommodation for fish) became a model for future dam projects on western rivers. e. It proved that corporations could be massively successful if left to their own devices. ANS: A TOP: Political History | Economic Development | Introduction: The Columbia River Project DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 807 | Seagull p. 820 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days.