Q&A Hero

Q: Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Rush, and John Adams advocated for the creation of free, state-supported schools primarily because a. they believed the schools should train Americans in trades and farmwork. b. they believed all citizens should have military training in case another war broke out with Britain. c. they believed the schools should teach citizens about the Puritan faith. d. they believed educating citizens was necessary if a government based on liberty and the will of the people was to survive. e. they believed the best way to get citizens to comply with the laws of the land was to have students memorize laws from an early age.

Q: Most free Americans in the early republic believed that equality required a. equal opportunity. b. limits to the amount of land an individual could own. c. communal landownership. d. returning Indian lands to the tribes. e. abolishing slavery.

Q: Which statement is accurate about religious freedom in the United States during the early republic period? a. Deists sought to separate church and state in order to free politics from religious control. b. Jews gained the right to vote and hold public office in most states. c. Seven states limited officeholding to Catholics. d. Throughout the country, Muslims gained the right to vote. e. Throughout the country, states established new nondenominational churches.

Q: Patriot leaders worried about how difficult it would be to encourage the quality of virtue in the new society. Which of the following describes what they meant by virtue? a. the ability of citizens to value the public good over self-interest b. the guarantee that Native Americans would keep their lands c. the promise that women would be able to own their own property d. the voluntary freeing of slaves by slave owners e. the requirement that education remain untouched by government

Q: Based on Jeffersons writings regarding tyranny over the mind of man, which of the following was most troubling to him? a. Enlightenment ideals b. public financing of religious institutions c. the lack of a king to take on certain responsibilities d. the principle of coverture e. John Lockes ideas

Q: To encourage virtue in future citizens, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams a. asked for the Declaration of Independence to be read every month at the town square. b. proposed free public education. c. wanted church attendance to be mandatory. d. proposed that ministers become teachers in public schools. e. wanted a second revolution.

Q: For which three accomplishments did Thomas Jefferson wish to be remembered? a. presidency, the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution b. Louisiana Purchase, presidency, the Declaration of Independence c. the Constitution, the University of Virginia, presidency d. the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom, the Declaration of Independence, Louisiana Purchase e. the Declaration of Independence, the University of Virginia, the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom

Q: What was Thomas Jeffersons primary motivation for advocating for public education? a. to make religion a prominent part of schooling b. to increase ignorance so that government leaders could get away with more c. to increase the number of merchants d. to make the people more informed voters e. to improve relations with the native Americans

Q: An example of anti-Catholicism during the 1770s was the a. barring of Catholics from southern state militias. b. Second Continental Congresss refusal to accept aid from Catholic France. c. widespread arrests of Catholics as potential British spies by Pennsylvania authorities. d. famous attack on a Boston convent by Massachusetts minutemen. e. First Continental Congresss denunciation of the Quebec Act.

Q: In his Thoughts on Government (1776), John Adams advocated state constitutions that provided for a. a powerful governor and a two-house legislature that reflected the division of society between wealthy and ordinary men. b. a legislature elected and controlled entirely by the wealthy, with a weak governor elected by the people so that they would feel that they had a role. c. voting rights for all men at least twenty-one years old regardless of property ownership. d. centralizing political power in a one-house legislature and dispensing with the office of governor. e. allowing women who owned a certain amount of property to vote but preventing them from holding political office.

Q: How did the War for Independence affect anti-Catholicism in America? a. Anti-Catholicism increased when Quebec Catholics volunteered in large numbers for the British army. b. Because Americans resented Catholic France negotiating a separate peace with Great Britain, anti-Catholicism became more prevalent. c. Independence led the states to impose anti-Catholic laws that they had been unable to adopt when they were under British control. d. The alliance with France, a predominantly Catholic country, helped diminish American anti-Catholicism. e. Spains wartime aid to Britain led Georgia colonists to attack Catholic missions in Florida.

Q: Which of the following did the majority of the new postwar state constitutions tend to establish? a. a two-house legislature and a relatively weak governor b. a two-house legislature subordinate to a strong governor c. a one-house legislature and a relatively weak governor d. a one-house legislature subordinate to a strong governor e. a two-house legislature with no governor

Q: Which of the following statements accurately describes the religious views expressed by founding fathers such as Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton? a. They attributed the American victory in the Revolutionary War almost entirely to divine intervention and, thus, wished for religion to play a prominent role in the new government. b. They wanted to implement some form of separation between church and state but argued that states in the new nation must keep their established, publicly funded churches. c. They rejected the idea of a benevolent Creator and sought to convince early Americans to treat atheism as the belief system underlying the separation of church and state. d. They sought to avoid religious conflicts in the new nation and viewed religious doctrines through the Enlightenment lens of rationalism and skepticism. e. They promoted the expansion of religions such as Judaism within the new nation to increase diversity and successfully kept the new states from barring Jews from voting.

Q: Which qualification for voting was most widely discussed following the Revolution and resulted in the most variations across the new state constitutions? a. the ability to read b. gender c. property qualifications d. educational attainment e. knowledge of more than one language besides English

Q: What was the response to the idea of the separation of church and state in America after the Revolution? a. Catholics filled the majority of leadership positions in the new nation because the Catholic Church had long enjoyed a privileged status in the colonies. b. Because religion had played such a small role in the American colonies, very little changed after the Revolution, and few Americans acknowledged any sort of shift between church and state. c. The Anglican Church quickly became the dominant religion in the new nation because the idea of separating church and state had so little popular support. d. Both deists and evangelical leaders supported this idea and believed there to be freeing aspects of having a government that functioned outside of religious control. e. Religious leaders completely abandoned the traditional definition of Christian liberty to no longer involve submitting to Gods will and leading a moral life.

Q: In the 1770s and 1780s, what was a characteristic of voting rights? a. They were not uniform, as each states constitution had different stipulations. b. A person of any religious faith could vote. c. No African-Americans were allowed to vote. d. Women could vote in the New England states. e. In every state, a person had to demonstrate his wealth by showing a land deed or bank account.

Q: Which of the following is true of how the new state constitutions in the Revolutionary era dealt with the issue of religious liberty? a. Several states finally allowed Jews to vote and to hold public office. b. States increased public funding of religion because they no longer had to win British approval to do so. c. Seven state constitutions began with a declaration of rights that included a commitment to the free exercise of religion. d. Thomas Jefferson wrote a Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom in Virginia, but the House of Burgesses never adopted it. e. Deists and evangelicals fought with one another over whether church and state should be separate.

Q: The new state constitutions created during the Revolutionary War a. completely eliminated property qualifications for voting. b. became far more democratic in the southern states than in the northern states. c. greatly expanded the right to vote in almost every state. d. did nothing to change the composition of elite-dominated state legislatures. e. all retained tax-supported churches as a way of ensuring a virtuous citizenry.

Q: The constitution ________ put the fewest restrictions on voting rights. a. Pennsylvania b. Vermont c. New York d. South Carolina e. Maryland

Q: Which statement is accurate about voting rights in new states during the 1780s? a. All adult white men could vote in every state. b. A large majority of the adult white male population could meet voting requirements, except in Virginia, Maryland, and New York. c. Adult women with property could vote in every state except New Jersey. d. Vermont had the highest property requirements for voting. e. Free black men who met general tax and property requirements could vote in Virginia, South Carolina, and Georgia.

Q: Which states constitution granted suffrage to all inhabitants who met a property qualification, allowing property-owning women to vote until an 1807 amendment limited suffrage to males? a. New York b. Virginia c. New Jersey d. Massachusetts e. Pennsylvania

Q: In 1778, the focus of the war shifted a. from minor skirmishes of fewer than 100 men to major battles, each involving thousands of soldiers. b. from fighting in the southern states to fighting in New York and New England. c. to an emphasis on the Continental armys trying to capture British strongholds in the Ohio Valley. d. to the South, where the British captured Savannah that year. e. to emancipation, when General Washington freed all slaves who fought for American independence.

Q: During the Revolutionary War, tensions between backcountry farmers and wealthy planters a. enabled the British to reverse their previously unsuccessful performance during the war. b. prompted several mutinies within colonial ranks. c. gave the British hope that they might be able to enlist the support of southern Loyalists. d. led Benedict Arnold to defect to the British. e. caused Francis Marions eventual defeat at the Battle of Cowpens.

Q: What was the significance of the Battle of Yorktown? a. It was an American victory that inspired the French to ally with the Americans. b. It resulted in British surrender and evaporated British public support for the war. c. It is considered a turning point for the Americans following a dismal period. d. It is considered the first battle in what would become the Revolutionary War. e. It was the first major defeat for British troops and revealed the war would be longer than they thought.

Q: A key consequence of the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777 was a. France becoming an ally to the United States. b. the adoption of the Declaration of Independence by the Continental Congress. c. the immediate surrender of all British troops to the Continental army. d. British commanders taking the war into the heart of New England for the first time. e. General Washingtons decision to retreat to Valley Forge for the winter.

Q: Next to national independence, what was the second most significant concession the United States gained in the Treaty of Paris in 1783? a. rights to the entire Canadian territory b. rights to annex Spanish Florida c. a large piece of territory with the Mississippi River as its western border d. any and all property from Loyalists e. exclusive trading rights with Germany

Q: Which of the following statements accurately describes American allies during the War for Independence? a. While the French offered their help freely, Spain was promised a cash payment for its aid. b. France and Spain were initially reluctant to aid America, as the colonies were entirely Protestant. c. The Americans only managed to gain the support of Portugal, while France and Spain supported the British. d. Spain was promised extensive territory in the American Southwest if the Americans won. e. France and Spain fought with the Americans largely because of well-established rivalries with Britain.

Q: Which of the following did the Treaty of Paris stipulate? a. Mexico was to become independent from Spain. b. Americans had the right to fish in waters off Canada. c. Loyalists were to surrender their property to the new state governments. d. The West Indies were to become a colony of the new United States. e. Native Americans were to be guaranteed land east of the Mississippi.

Q: Which statement is accurate about Frances involvement in the Revolutionary War? a. France withdrew its support and signed a peace treaty with the British just before the Battle of Saratoga in 1777. b. By entering the war, France hoped to strengthen Britain and seize Spains American colonies. c. Frances assistance to the American colonists played a decisive role in the colonists victory. d. France spent most of the time fighting Spain. e. France supported the British by supplying warships, rations, and weapons, but refused to send any soldiers.

Q: Cornwallis was defeated at Yorktown because a. he had no land or water escape route. b. he was overwhelmed by Washingtons much larger and better-trained army. c. General Clinton had withdrawn from Yorktown, leaving Cornwallis vulnerable. d. most of his troops were cold, starving, and ready to surrender. e. King George III ordered an end to the war.

Q: Which of the following statements accurately describes the allegiance of Native American tribes during the War for Independence? a. Tribes living east the Mississippi River exclusively supported the Americans, while tribes in the West exclusively supported the British. b. The tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy all agreed to support the Americans and doubled the size of the American army. c. Tribes individually decided which side to support based on which they believed more likely to support their own ideas of freedom. d. Most tribes successfully maintained neutrality throughout the conflict and, thus, were able to protect their towns. e. The Cherokees exclusively supported the British and ensured that they followed the traditional rules of warfare.

Q: Which of the following occurred after the Treaty of Paris of 1783? a. Late in the conflict, Canada agreed to join the Revolutionary War on the side of the Americans to protect its southern boundaries. b. Public support in Britain for the Revolutionary War persisted, and any negotiations for an end to the war fell apart. c. France formed a close alliance with Britain, as it had only sent supplies rather than engaged in combat on the Americans behalf. d. By law, Loyalists were required to forfeit all their property and would face prolonged persecution by the new government. e. The United States became the Western Hemispheres first independent nation, with its boundaries reflecting the circumstances of its birth.

Q: What strategy worked well for the colonists in fighting the British in the South during the American Revolution? a. Washingtons army used frontal assaults. b. The Continental army and militias deployed hit-and-run tactics. c. Washington preferred to let the Native Americans fight for the colonists. d. The Continental Congress handed over most of the war effort to the French. e. Washington kept the training of his men to a minimum to ensure that morale stayed high.

Q: Test 1 ___ 1. Thomas Hutchinson ___ 2. Thomas Paine ___ 3. George Washington ___ 4. Charles Townshend ___ 5. Crispus Attucks ___ 6. Thomas Jefferson ___ 7. Lord Dunmore ___ 8. Sir William Howe ___ 9. Patrick Henry ___ 10. Benedict Arnold ___ 11. John Dickinson a. was the British governor in Virginia who offered freedom to slaves if they fought for the British b. was one of Washingtons ablest commanders who became an American traitor c. wrote Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania d. served as British chancellor of the exchequer and devised a set of new taxes on the colonists e. served as Massachusetts lieutenant governor and saw his home destroyed in a riot f. wrote Common Sense and The American Crisis g. served as commander of the Continental army and was a slaveholder from Virginia h. wrote A Summary View of the Rights of British America and the Declaration of Independence i. served as British commander, including at the Battle of Bunker Hill and the Battle of Saratoga j. was a sailor of mixed Indian-African-white ancestry who died in the Boston Massacre k. declared Give me liberty, or give me death! while urging a Virginia convention to begin military preparations

Q: What was one important legacy of the Declaration of Independence? a. It immediately resulted in Great Britain granting independence to its colonies. b. Spain welcomed the document, printing multiple copies for its citizens. c. It inspired future revolutions against despotic governments. d. It led to an immediate alliance with France. e. It weakened the resolve of British military commanders fighting against the Patriots.

Q: What was the primary reason that motivated slaves to join the Continental army? a. To enlist in the army meant they were automatically free, since only freemen could legally fight. b. Many were promised their freedom after the war was over. c. They were forced by their masters to join. d. They felt an overwhelming duty to protect American soil from the British. e. Their fields were overrun with combatants, and they were swept along with them.

Q: Which of the following was an important factor in the colonies victory in the American Revolution? a. George Washingtons major assaults on New York City b. the French invasion of England near the end of the war c. the French blockade of Philadelphia d. Washingtons ability to keep an army together in the face of defeat and difficulties with supplies e. an alliance between the American colonies and Spain

Q: The main point of The American Crisis is a. that the Continental Congress should agree to peaceful reunification with Britain. b. to inspire American soldiers to continue to fight despite demoralizing military losses. c. that independence was too costly a goal for the colonies. d. to encourage European powers to provide military assistance. e. a prediction that the war would end unhappily for supporters of independence.

Q: In fighting the Revolutionary War, the Americans on their own could not match what British advantage? a. deployment of a navy b. an army with armed men c. the ability to fire artillery d. the use of African-American soldiers e. the ability to lure slaves to fight for the British in exchange for their freedom

Q: In the winter of 17761777, Washington won important victories that improved American morale. These battles were at a. Saratoga and Albany, New York. b. Morristown and East Orange, New Jersey. c. Long Island and White Plains, New York. d. Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts. e. Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey.

Q: The idea of American exceptionalism that developed in the Revolutionary era refers to what belief? a. American slavery and dispossession of Native Americans of their lands prevented the United States from representing freedom to the world. b. The swift equalizing of womens rights after the founding of the United States made the nation a great symbol of freedom for the world. c. The swift equalization of political power among all economic classes after the founding of the United States made the nation a great symbol of freedom for the world. d. The United States has a special mission to serve as a refuge from tyranny and a model of universal freedom for the rest of the world. e. The United States is unique in its position as the first democracy the world has ever seen.

Q: During the eight years of war, approximately how many Americans bore arms in the Continental army and state militias? a. 80,000 b. 125,000 c. 200,000 d. 350,000 e. 500,000

Q: In the Declaration of Independence, what justification did Thomas Jefferson provide as the basis for breaking with Britain? a. There is something absurd in supposing a Continent to be perpetually governed by an island. b. Great Britain had never actually played a role in the economy of the colonies, and their trade remained completely separate. c. Since new British rules had forbidden the colonies from continuing the slave trade and slavery was so central to colonial agriculture, the colonists had no choice. d. The heritage of a freeborn Englishman provided each colonist with the political right to seek democratic representation so long as they were British themselves. e. Because government derived from the consent of the governed, the governed had the right to remove that consent.

Q: Which of the following is true of the American fighting forces at the outbreak of the Revolutionary War? a. Many had the benefit of intensive militia training prior to the outbreak of the war. b. Enlisted men increased in number and education level as the war progressed. c. Although fewer in number, they were as well equipped as the British forces. d. The majority of them had defected from the British army. e. Initially, only men who owned land were allowed to enroll in the Continental army.

Q: In the same year the Declaration of Independence was signed, a. the Spanish established a mission at San Diego. b. the Lakota Sioux settled in the Black Hills. c. the French and Indian War ended. d. the steam engine was invented. e. the Boston Massacre occurred.

Q: What proportion of the colonies free white male population aged 1645 died in the Revolutionary War? a. one in ten b. one in twenty c. one in fifty d. one in seventy-five e. one in one hundred

Q: Today, more than ________ of the countries have issued declarations of independence. a. 10 percent b. 20 percent c. 30 percent d. 40 percent e. 50 percent

Q: Which of the following is true of the soldiers who fought for American independence? a. During the wars later years, the Continental army relied increasingly on young men with limited economic prospects. b. Relatively fewonly one in sixtyultimately lost their lives in the war. c. Nearly one-third of all American soldiers were slaves fighting as substitutes for their masters. d. Because they had the most to gain, men of substantial property served in disproportionately high numbers throughout the war. e. Lacking any military experience and unsure of their cause, the soldiers performed so poorly that it took the addition of 25,000 French ground troops to prevent a British victory.

Q: What was one of the lasting impacts of the arguments made in the Declaration of Independence? a. The American colonists were distracted by guaranteeing human rights for the rest of the world rather than at home. b. The explicit references to equality of the sexes were a boon to womens rights and helped ensure womens role in the new government. c. The claims regarding natural rightslife, liberty, and pursuit of happinesshave inspired many other colonies to assert their own independence, d. The class-based arguments and rejection of individual self-fulfillment have often been used to justify social inequality in the United States. e. The extensiveness of the arguments ensured that a separate constitution did not need to be written in the future.

Q: Why did George Washington eventually allow African-Americans to serve in the Continental army? a. Southern colonies stopped their opposition. b. Many northern colonies immediately abolished slavery. c. He had freed all of his slaves during the second year of the war. d. The British started offering freedom to slaves who signed up to fight for their army. e. He became convinced that African-Americans could fire a musket.

Q: Thomas Paines Common Sense a. argued that the British governmental system was perfectly good but that current officials had corrupted it. b. made highly original arguments in favor of independence. c. sold well among the elite, who in turn were able to convey its ideas to the lower classes. d. argued that America would become the home of freedom and an asylum for mankind. e. led to his arrest on charges of treason, but he saved himself by writing another pamphlet taking the opposite position.

Q: Which of the following approaches did Thomas Paine take when writing Common Sense? a. He refused to liken the king to a tyrant and emphasized the need for Patriots to act with caution and show him respect to avoid further taxation. b. He emphasized that the conflict with Britain was highly localized, involving merely a country, not the entire globe or even the continent. c. He used formal, detached legal language to outline the complaints of both the British and the Americans to allow the reader to draw his or her own conclusions. d. He showed his frustrations at Britains treatment of the colonies, yet advocated for reconciliation if at all possible to avoid bloodshed. e. He presented the case for American independence as backed by simple facts while also passionately describing it as a chance to fight oppression.

Q: What made Thomas Paines Common Sense a unique document? a. It was the only document in 1776 calling for American independence. b. It was mostly original in its ideas and concepts. c. It wanted the United States to form a representative government. d. It expanded the size of the public sphere, going beyond the elite. e. It talked about how American commerce would flourish even more once it was no longer subject to British regulations.

Q: Which of the following figures is considered to have been a key influence on the arguments presented in the Declaration of Independence? a. John Dickinson b. Benedict Arnold c. Charles Cornwallis d. John Locke e. Samuel Seabury

Q: In what ways was Thomas Paines Common Sense similar to Thomas Jeffersons Declaration of Independence? a. Both Jefferson and Paine discussed how the United States could create a navy. b. Both showed how a king can be a tyrant. c. Paine used many Latin phrases, which led Jefferson to do the same. d. Paine and the Declaration of Independence both criticized using slaves from Africa. e. Both documents contradicted the ideas of John Locke.

Q: In writing the Declaration of Independence, which of Lockes natural rights did Jefferson replace, and with what? a. He replaced liberty with the pursuit of happiness. b. He replaced property with liberty. c. He replaced life with property. d. He replaced the pursuit of happiness with liberty. e. He replaced property with the pursuit of happiness.

Q: At the insistence of Georgia and South Carolina, what clause from Thomas Jeffersons draft of the Declaration of Independence was deleted before Congress approved the document? a. the clause naming King George a tyrant b. the clause establishing the right of the people to form a House of Representatives c. the clause regarding the consent of the governed d. the clause listing grievances against King George e. the clause condemning the inhumanity of the slave trade

Q: What did Lord Dunmore do that horrified many southerners? a. He encouraged Indians to conduct raids against backcountry settlements in the Carolinas. b. He issued a proclamation freeing all slaves south of the Ohio River. c. He promised freedom to slaves who joined the British cause. d. He confiscated the property of Loyalists. e. He circulated germ-ridden blankets among frontier towns to spread disease.

Q: Which of the following statements accurately describes the Declaration of Independence? a. It was originally drafted by John Adams and then edited by Benjamin Franklin. b. It claimed a natural right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. c. It deliberately limited its arguments to colonists of the British empire. d. It argued that the British constitution implicitly guaranteed the right to claim independence. e. The final version contained a stern condemnation of the slave trade.

Q: Who argued that true liberty could only be achieved by remaining in the British empire? a. Ben Franklin b. Sam Adams c. Ethan Allen d. George Washington e. Joseph Galloway

Q: What role did Samuel Seabury play during the Revolutionary period? a. He led the British troops that fought Washington throughout the Northeast. b. He served as a representative in the Continental Congress from New York. c. He was a silversmith who spoke eloquently against taxation without representation. d. He headed the publishing house that produced Common Sense. e. He was a colonial minister who remained loyal to the British.

Q: The Olive Branch Petition a. was meant to ease tensions among the organized political parties within the Continental Congress. b. enabled northern and southern colonies to work together. c. convinced Thomas Paine that he had enough support to write Common Sense. d. was Parliaments final attempt to explain virtual representation to the colonists. e. was addressed to King George III and reaffirmed American loyalty to the crown.

Q: The author of An Alarm to the Legislature of the Province in New-York equated freedom with a. religion. b. British tyranny. c. sedition. d. property ownership. e. Indians right to use land.

Q: What statement is true about Thomas Paines background before he wrote Common Sense? a. He held a key role in Parliament before arriving in Philadelphia. b. He got the suggestion to write Common Sense from Benjamin Franklin. c. He was from a family who had settled in Jamestown in 1607. d. He emigrated from England in 1774. e. He was a clergyman in England before arriving in America.

Q: Who wrote the following: One of the strongest natural proofs of the folly of hereditary right in kings is that nature disapproves it, otherwise she would not so frequently turn it into ridicule, by giving mankind an ass for a lion? a. Thomas Jefferson b. Jonathan Boucher c. Samuel Seabury d. Ben Franklin e. Thomas Paine

Q: What prompted the British to declare that the colonies were in a state of rebellion? a. signing of the Declaration of Independence b. creation of a standing army by the Second Continental Congress c. formation of the Stamp Act Congress d. the Battle of Bunker Hill e. the Olive Branch Petition

Q: Who were the delegates to the first Continental Congress? a. men representing all thirteen colonies and coming from various economic classes b. largely upper-class men and women exclusively from the South c. well-known men exclusively from the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic colonies d. prominent political leaders, all men, from all colonies except Georgia e. Loyalists who hoped to gain better control over colonial legislatures

Q: At the first Continental Congress, who declared, I am not a Virginian, but an American? a. Thomas Jefferson b. George Washington c. Richard Henry Lee d. Patrick Henry e. Edmund Randolph

Q: What was the result of the Americans placement of a cannon above Boston following the Battle of Bunker Hill? a. Benedict Arnold defected to the British. b. General Howe surrendered to Washingtons troops. c. British troops abandoned Boston to the colonists. d. Washington abandoned New York City to the British. e. British forces captured an American army of 5,000 men.

Q: What did the Continental Association call for? a. a near total end to trade with Great Britain and the West Indies b. the democratic election of all colonial government officials c. the adoption of a formal declaration of independence from Britain d. an end to the slave trade e. the right to free assembly and to trial by jury

Q: John Adams recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental army because a. he knew that Washington was weighing an offer from Britain to lead its North American forces. b. he shared Washingtons view of the importance of natural rights. c. he believed that Washingtons being a southerner could help unify the colonists. d. he knew Washington had opposed General Howes forces cutting down the Liberty Tree. e. they had an agreement that Adams would then be put in charge of administering the army in the New England colonies.

Q: Which of the following made many colonial leaders hesitant to support the idea of independence? a. the cautionary words in Common Sense about the foolishness of fighting the British b. fear of class conflict and anarchy from below c. reluctance to lose the highest positions within the colonial government structure d. the belief of most colonists that taxation was actually highly beneficial to the colonies e. a desire to wait until the allegiance of Canada and the West Indies could be secured

Q: What was the purpose of the Committees of Safety? a. to maintain a twenty-four-hour watch for approaching British soldiers b. to police the local population and punish those not following the boycott of British goods c. to stop smugglers and confiscate their goods d. to prevent Catholics from holding mass or preaching their beliefs e. to protect British officials living in the largest colonial cities

Q: In the years immediately before the American Revolution, the concept of natural rights a. greatly influenced Thomas Jeffersons early writings. b. prompted Thomas Jefferson to support independence before the war even began. c. caused many American colonists to call for the abolition of the monarchy. d. contradicted the argument for colonial resistance. e. led to Parliaments passage of the Declaratory Act of 1766.

Q: Which action by British Parliament was labeled an Intolerable Act by Americans? a. Parliament closed the port of Charleston to all trade until the coffee dumped in the harbor was paid for. b. Parliament altered the Virginia Charter to curtail town meetings. c. Parliament increased the number of elected officials in Massachusetts. d. Parliament jailed the delegates to the Continental Congress. e. Parliament empowered military commanders to lodge soldiers in private homes.

Q: By 1774, how did the Germans of Northampton County, Pennsylvania, react to talks of liberty? a. They supported the idea of natural rights for subjects of King George III. b. They feared it would give too much freedom to Indians in Pennsylvania. c. They did not like the focus on individualism. d. They focused only on freedom of religion. e. They supported liberty but opposed the American Revolution.

Q: The British Parliaments 1774 Quebec Act a. banned the Catholic Church in Quebec, in hopes of securing the loyalty of Massachusetts colonists. b. granted the province of Quebec to New York, in hopes of securing the loyalty of New York colonists. c. granted legal toleration to the Roman Catholic Church in Canada, which heightened opposition to British rule among many Protestant colonists. d. granted Quebec independence from Britain, hoping to enlist the Quebecois in any future conflicts with the colonies. e. returned all former tribal lands in Quebec to the Indian tribes.

Q: Which of the following battles was among the very first of the American War of Independence? a. Yorktown b. Monmouth c. Bunker Hill d. Saratoga e. Cowpens

Q: What is the significance of the Battle of Lexington and Concord? a. It was the first battle in which the French fought with the Americans. b. It is considered the battle that started the Revolutionary War. c. It was the first battle in which George Washington served as general. d. It was the first battle in which ex-slaves fought with the British. e. It is considered the worst American defeat during the Revolutionary War.

Q: What were the Suffolk Resolves? a. the peace treaty that ended the Regulator movement in North Carolina b. a list of demands addressed to landlords, made in 1772 by New York tenant farmers c. a group of antiTea Act petitions from Boston merchants to the Massachusetts royal governor d. the resolutions pledging the Continental Congresss loyalty to King George III in 1775 e. a set of resolutions made in 1774, urging Massachusetts citizens to prepare for war