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Q:
In 1988, Lauro Cavazos became the first
A) Latino Cabinet official.
B) Latino on the Supreme Court.
C) Latino head of a major university.
D) Latino head of the armed forces.
Q:
Ada Deer, a Native American woman, served as Secretary of the
A) Army.
B) Navy.
C) Interior.
D) Treasury.
Q:
In the 1980s, 37 percent of all immigrants came from
A) Latin America.
B) Africa.
C) the Middle East.
D) Asia.
Q:
Which of the following Asian nations sent immigrants to the United States in the late twentieth century?
A) India
B) China
C) Korea
D) All of the above.
Q:
The economic recession that confronted the American people from 1980 to 1982
A) affected only the Sun Belt states.
B) affected only the upper classes.
C) affected all classes equally.
D) led to unemployment rates for African Americans that exceeded 25 percent.
Q:
After the mid-1970s, American farms
A) were caught in a cycle of overproduction, heavy indebtedness, and falling prices.
B) were primarily family operations.
C) were barely productive.
D) did not suffer economically with the rest of the nation.
Q:
During the 1980s, the trade union movement in the United States
A) found strong support from Ronald Reagan.
B) became more radical.
C) had little success among public employees.
D) declined in membership.
Q:
The United States slipped from its position as the world's industrial leader mainly because of
A) shrinking markets abroad.
B) failure to train workers adequately.
C) failure to invest sufficiently in its productive capacity.
D) overconcentration on electronic industries.
Q:
During the 1980s the gap between the wealthiest and poorest segments of American society
A) reflected the different natural abilities of individuals.
B) narrowed because of tax policies.
C) increased greatly.
D) was a matter of great concern to the administration.
Q:
Under President Reagan, the budget for military expenditures
A) had to be reduced because of tax cuts.
B) remained at the 1979 level.
C) increased immensely while spending for social programs decreased.
D) made tax reduction impossible.
Q:
One of the chief goals of the Reagan administration was to
A) reduce tensions with the Soviet Union.
B) aggressively defend minority rights.
C) increase aid to the poor.
D) curtail social programs.
Q:
The tax cuts of the 1980s
A) helped many poor families join the middle class.
B) favored the middle class more than the rich.
C) were accompanied by increased regulation of the insurance industry.
D) benefited the wealthy far more than middle- or lower-income Americans.
Q:
The administration of Ronald Reagan was characterized by
A) increasing hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union.
B) a reduction in federal taxation.
C) high ethical and moral standards among his appointees to federal office.
D) a decline in military spending.
Q:
According to supplyside economic theory,
A) the national debt should be continued indefinitely.
B) reduction of taxes will encourage business expansion, which will ultimately stimulate the whole economic system.
C) conservation of natural resources is the key to long-term economic health.
D) the nation's most important resource is its people.
Q:
One effect of the Persian Gulf War was that it
A) caused serious shortages in the United States.
B) brought Israel and the Palestinians together against a common enemy.
C) completely destroyed the power base of Saddam Hussein.
D) increased the popularity of President G.H.W. Bush.
Q:
In the 1988 presidential race, George H.W. Bush
A) magnanimously praised the governor of Massachusetts for improving his state's economy.
B) refused to engage in mudslinging.
C) accused Michael Dukakis of communist affiliations.
D) ran a mudslinging campaign.
Q:
As president, Reagan suffered from charges of
A) projecting a poor image on television.
B) "sleaze" in his administration.
C) lying about the invasion of Grenada.
D) ostentatious living.
Q:
As a result of Ronald Reagan's election to the presidency in 1980,
A) an inexperienced politician came into the White House.
B) the Democrats lost their majority in the House of Representatives.
C) New Deal liberalism gained a supporter in the White House.
D) the Republicans gained control of the Senate.
Q:
Members of the Moral Majority were
A) in favor of legalization of some narcotics.
B) interested in shaping American politics.
C) followers of Reverend Moon.
D) often corrupt.
Q:
The nation's problems, according to conservatives, included
A) too little government control of the economy.
B) excessive individualism.
C) out-of-control entitlements.
D) insufficient funding of social programs.
Q:
The conservative coalition of the 1980s sought to
A) scale back the welfare state.
B) increase regulation of the banking industry.
C) expand the interstate highway system.
D) reform the election process.
Q:
Marlene Garrett's story reveals in part
A) the economic struggles of immigrants in the United States in the last quarter century.
B) the challenges of Reagan-era elites during the 1980s.
C) cultural issues associated with the rights of unwed mothers.
D) the U.S. prison system.
Q:
Jos Angel Gutierrez established the ________ political party in the early 1970s.
Q:
Carter upset liberals in many areas, including the beginning of ________, or removal of governmental controls in economic life.
Q:
The House Judiciary Committee voted to impeach Richard Nixon as a consequence of the ________.
Q:
The head of the Committee to Re-elect the President was former Attorney General ________.
Q:
As chief justice of the Supreme Court, President Nixon chose ________.
Q:
Suppose you were living during the 1960s and 1970s. How would your attitude toward environmental issues have changed between 1960 and 1970? What bills might you have urged your representative in Congress to support?
Q:
If you had been a 20-year-old American Indian living in the 1960s and 1970s, what changes might you have observed in the conditions of your people during that time?
Q:
Evaluate the effectiveness of Cesar Chavez in achieving his goals for Mexican Americans.
Q:
As a reporter for your college newspaper, write a news story discussing the developments among Hispanic Americans toward achieving greater opportunities within American society from the 1960s to the 1980s.
Q:
Suppose you were an advocate of the women's movement during the 1970s. What would be your major grievances and what groups and leaders might you support in pursuing your cause?
Q:
Discuss President Carter's characteristics as a political leader and evaluate his economic and social programs.
Q:
Discuss President Ford's role as a "caretaker" president and evaluate his overall success.
Q:
Discuss the Watergate incident and explain why you think the American public in general wanted the president removed from office.
Q:
Discuss President Nixon's characteristics as a political leader and evaluate his economic and social programs.
Q:
Evaluate the foreign policy of Richard Nixon and his success in achieving his foreign policy objectives.
Q:
Discuss the policy of the Nixon administration toward the civil rights movement and discuss the major developments in civil rights during his administration.
Q:
The Endangered Species Act of 1973 attempted to protect animal species from extinction.
Q:
In the 1970s the national consumer movement declined.
Q:
By 1970, 53 percent of the American people thought that air and water pollution constituted a major national problem.
Q:
In 1975, the U.S. Civil Service Commission lifted its ban on hiring homosexuals.
Q:
A nightlong riot in 1969 at the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village in New York ignited the African American civil rights movement.
Q:
The gay and lesbian movement became less radical and militant in the 1970s.
Q:
A follower of Betty Friedan would probably oppose the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution.
Q:
President Carter succeeded in making his political philosophies and policies clear and widely known.
Q:
A major objective of the attorney general during the Nixon administration was the reshaping of the Supreme Court to make it more liberal.
Q:
The Family Assistance Plan was a proposal to aid poor families through a work-incentive program.
Q:
The United States stopped authorizing new nuclear power plants in the year
A) 1970.
B) 1972.
C) 1974.
D) 1978.
Q:
Which of the following scandals took place in Niagara Falls, New York, in 1969?
A) Three Mile Island
B) Chernobyl
C) Love Canal
D) Asbestos
Q:
Which of the following tribes won a landmark 1967 decision that repaid them for deceptive land deals by the federal government in 1823?
A) Modoc
B) Sioux
C) Seminole
D) Navajo
Q:
The American Indian Historical Society
A) protested traditional textbook treatment of native people.
B) launched armed assaults against Montana troops.
C) declined in the 1970s.
D) remained a minor periodical in native society.
Q:
In 1968, Native American author N. Scott Momaday received a Pulitzer Prize for
A) Little Big Man.
B) Custer Died for Your Sins.
C) Silent Spring.
D) House Made of Dawn.
Q:
Like Latinos, Native Americans in the 1960s and 1970s
A) experienced full equality in the United States.
B) increasingly left the United States.
C) experienced second-class status.
D) failed to receive favorable legislation.
Q:
In 1973, AIM took over the South Dakota village of
A) Wounded Knee.
B) Alcatraz.
C) Taos.
D) Round Valley.
Q:
All of the following statements describe the founding and operation of the American Indian Movement (AIM) EXCEPT:
A) The organization was founded in Minneapolis in 1968 by Dennis Banks and George Mitchell, Chippewa Indians.
B) It got federal funds to Indian-controlled organizations.
C) It established patrols to protect drunken Indians from police.
D) It promoted gun battles with police.
Q:
How did Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respond to termination policy in the 1960s?
A) They repudiated it.
B) They advocated it.
C) They steered a middle course.
D) They ignored it.
Q:
In the 1970s, roughly half of the Native American population lived
A) in the South.
B) in California.
C) on reservations.
D) in the Midwest.
Q:
Which president was particularly good at courting Latino votes but did not reward his followers when elected in 1972?
A) Truman
B) Nixon
C) Kennedy
D) Ford
Q:
As a leader among Chicanos during the 1970s, Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales
A) avoided activities that might bring confrontation with the authorities.
B) enthusiastically supported the war in Vietnam.
C) pressed for return of land that the United States government had taken from Mexicans years earlier.
D) founded the Crusade for Justice.
Q:
The demands by Mexican Americans for improvement in their educational opportunities during the 1970s
A) resulted in more Latino teachers, counselors, and courses.
B) met with little success.
C) focused on becoming assimilated into Anglo culture.
D) generally met with little resistance from educational authorities.
Q:
During the 1970s, efforts by Mexican American farm workers to improve their working conditions
A) resulted in a Texas law requiring the closed shop.
B) led California to pass a law requiring growers to bargain collectively.
C) led growers to stop using their labor.
D) failed to have any impact on legislation in California.
Q:
Chavez was successful in using what tactic when grape growers did not concede to his union demands?
A) strike
B) political lobbying in Washington, D.C
C) school walkouts
D) nationwide consumer boycott
Q:
The person who led the union movement among Chicano farm workers during the 1960s was
A) Joseph Montoya.
B) Cesar Chavez.
C) Henry B. Gonzales.
D) Henry Cisneros.
Q:
During the 1960s and 1970s, Hispanic Americans
A) found the Great Society programs sensitive to their needs.
B) became more active politically.
C) had little success in gaining a political voice.
D) did not attempt to share in the American dream.
Q:
Between 1970 and 1980, Hispanic Americans
A) found the Supreme Court unsympathetic to their demands for bilingual education.
B) declined in number.
C) increased in number.
D) achieved full assimilation into American society.
Q:
Black women were often ambivalent about the women's movement for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A) suspicion of middle-class views of white feminists.
B) the feeling that struggle for racial equality took precedence.
C) an involvement with minor issues like the title Ms.
D) gender was a greater problem than race.
Q:
A leader in the movement to achieve changes in the traditional status of women in the United States during the 1970s was
A) Phyllis Schlafly.
B) Marilyn Monroe.
C) Gloria Steinem.
D) Janis Joplin.
Q:
The founders of the National Organization for Women contended that
A) consciousness-raising was unimportant.
B) women were not treated as equal members of society.
C) women generally approved of traditional marriage relationships.
D) the Civil Rights Act of 1964 gave women equal opportunities.
Q:
President Carter upset liberals by
A) reducing spending.
B) beginning deregulation.
C) failing to construct an effective energy policy.
D) All of the above.
Q:
Gerald Ford's goals as president included
A) restoring trust in the presidency.
B) ending welfare programs.
C) ending school busing.
D) increasing aid to education.
Q:
As a result of the Watergate scandal
A) the Republican party called for Nixon's resignation.
B) impeachment laws were strengthened.
C) Nixon served six months in prison.
D) many Americans lost faith in the presidency.
Q:
As the events of Watergate unraveled,
A) the complicity of the president in the scandal became evident.
B) little evidence could be found of the president's involvement.
C) the judicial system did not participate in the process.
D) Americans grew tired of the issue.
Q:
As Richard Nixon planned his reelection campaign in 1972,
A) the Republicans were determined to sweep the presidential and congressional elections.
B) the campaign seemed less organized than in 1968.
C) there was grave concern over the lack of campaign funds.
D) he proposed to conduct a quiet and gentlemanly campaign.
Q:
A major element of Nixon's foreign policy was to
A) establish that communism was monolithic throughout the world.
B) concentrate American interests in the Western Hemisphere.
C) use Congress to foster new diplomatic initiatives.
D) foster new diplomatic relations with the communist countries.
Q:
The documents published by the New York Times revealed the
A) disparity in training between U.S. and South Vietnamese troops.
B) fabrications and faulty assumptions that had guided the Vietnam War.
C) effectiveness of massive bombing.
D) participation by the Chinese in Vietnam.
Q:
President Nixon's decision to invade Cambodia in 1970 resulted in
A) renewed anti-war demonstrations on college campuses.
B) an American victory in Vietnam.
C) permanent occupation of Cambodia by U.S. troops.
D) general public approval of his Vietnam policy.
Q:
As a result of the Nixon Doctrine, the United States' policy concerning the Vietnam War
A) led to an immediate decrease in American air attacks on North Vietnam.
B) resulted in a refusal by the United States to negotiate an agreement with the North Vietnamese.
C) brought increased involvement of American ground troops.
D) led to the replacement of American troops with South Vietnamese troops.
Q:
The use of busing as a means for desegregation of American schools
A) eliminated de facto but not de jure segregation.
B) was strongly endorsed by President Nixon.
C) was generally accepted by southern whites without protest.
D) often brought resistance in northern cities.
Q:
Nixon worked to undermine the liberal agenda by all of the following EXCEPT
A) reshaping the Supreme Court.
B) discrediting prominent Democrats.
C) reducing the budget.
D) proving the ineffectiveness of programs.