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Q:
Regarding the aftermath of a coordinated atomic strike on the U.S.S.R., Eisenhower became
A) excited.
B) gratified.
C) horrified.
D) disinterested.
Q:
Secretary of State Dulles devised the policy of threatening the Soviets with
A) "massive retaliation."
B) "preemptive strike."
C) "hot war."
D) "dtente."
Q:
In what cities did the United States base its primary naval commands in the 1950s?
A) Seattle
B) San Diego
C) San Francisco
D) All of the above.
Q:
Which of the regions of the nation experienced the most growth in nuclear facilities after World War II?
A) the Deep South
B) the Northeast
C) the West
D) the Midwest
Q:
What was the American reaction to the discovery of radioactive fallout?
A) Many fled the nation.
B) Many built fallout shelters.
C) Many marched on Washington, D.C., protesting the use of nuclear weapons.
D) Some Americans burned down nuclear facilities in the United States.
Q:
All of the following statements are true about the Japanese fishermen on the ship Lucky Dragon in 1957 EXCEPT:
A) The fishermen drifted near a radioactive fallout cloud left from American testing of nuclear bombs.
B) They became ill from radiation exposure.
C) One of the crewmen later died of exposure.
D) The United States immediately halted all testing of nuclear bombs as a result of the mistake.
Q:
Upon learning that the Soviet Union had successfully tested an atomic bomb, the United States
A) threatened a preemptive air strike against the Soviets' nuclear laboratories.
B) slowed down the pace of nuclear research.
C) authorized the development of the hydrogen super bomb.
D) responded with indifference.
Q:
Concerning the issue of nuclear weapons development after World War II,
A) Secretary of State Henry Stimson proposed cooperating with the Soviet Union.
B) President Truman supported a joint Soviet-American effort.
C) most American scientists believed that the Soviets could never develop an atomic bomb.
D) most Americans believed that the United States should freely share its knowledge with other countries.
Q:
While attempting to build an atomic bomb during World War II, the United States
A) decided to drop the bomb on Japan but not on Germany.
B) concealed the project from the Soviet Union.
C) concealed the project from the British.
D) shared the information with all of its allies.
Q:
American action in Latin America during the 1950s
A) had little relationship to America's Cold War policies.
B) demonstrated concern for political stability and American economic investments in the region.
C) led to strong pro-American feelings throughout Latin America.
D) showed support for the nationalist movements in the region.
Q:
During the Truman and Eisenhower administrations, in the Middle East the United States
A) moved to protect Western access to oil supplies.
B) successfully cooperated with the Soviets.
C) supported the British effort to prevent Egypt from taking control of the Suez Canal.
D) refused to recognize the state of Israel.
Q:
When Ho Chi Minh established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945, the United States
A) sent troops to restore the former government.
B) refused to recognize the new state.
C) welcomed the creation of a new democratic country.
D) signed a peace treaty with the new state.
Q:
The Korean War led the United States to sign a peace treaty with
A) Japan.
B) Germany.
C) China.
D) the Soviet Union.
Q:
During the Korean War, President Truman
A) acted to oppose communist aggression.
B) clearly stated American objectives.
C) supported General Douglas MacArthur's proposal to bomb communist bases in China.
D) reluctantly cooperated with the United Nations' decision to defend South Korea.
Q:
After the communists gained control of China in 1949,
A) the United States repudiated the leadership of Jiang Jieshi.
B) staunch anti-communists accused President Truman of losing China to the communists.
C) most Americans recognized that their triumph resulted from a long internal conflict within that country.
D) Secretary of State Dean Acheson claimed that the United States could have prevented the communist takeover.
Q:
The leader who led the Chinese communists to control of the Chinese mainland in 1949 was
A) Mao Zedong.
B) Zhou Enlai.
C) Jiang Jieshi.
D) Deng Xiaoping.
Q:
In 1950, the National Security Council, in document NSC-68,
A) urged cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union.
B) rejected the Truman Doctrine.
C) considered good faith negotiations with the Soviet Union useless.
D) called for unilateral disarmament by the United States.
Q:
America's response to the Russian blockade of West Berlin was to
A) circumvent it by air.
B) turn Berlin over to the Soviets.
C) threaten a major war.
D) accept the Soviets' demand that West Berlin be integrated into East Germany.
Q:
By 1947, United States policy regarding Germany
A) promoted the development of German economic strength.
B) placed emphasis on keeping Germany divided.
C) had strong support from the other wartime Allies.
D) was designed to keep Germany in a colonial status.
Q:
Underlying the Marshall Plan was the assumption that
A) economic prosperity brings political stability.
B) the United States would not directly participate in the proposal.
C) Eastern Europe could be freed from Soviet domination.
D) it could convert the Soviet Union to democracy.
Q:
One effect of the Cold War was
A) to create a strong resistance to military pacts in the Senate.
B) a return of isolationist sentiments in the United States.
C) strong support for closer ties with the Soviet Union.
D) to commit the United States to involvement in European affairs.
Q:
The containment policy of the Truman administration
A) had little support from policymakers in Washington.
B) fostered stronger relations between the United States and the Soviet Union.
C) had been designed by Dean Acheson.
D) became the basis for American foreign policy in the post-World War II period.
Q:
After Word War II, Winston Churchill
A) believed Britain and the United States could work out an alliance with the Soviet Union.
B) believed that Europe had become divided into two camps.
C) saw a future of peace and harmony throughout the world.
D) feared the growing military might of the United States.
Q:
At the end of World War II, President Truman
A) abruptly ended the lend-lease program to all European nations.
B) aided the Soviets in rebuilding their war-torn economy.
C) continued lend-lease to the British but not the Soviets.
D) honored President Franklin Roosevelt's pledge at Yalta to give economic aid to the communist bloc countries.
Q:
At the Potsdam Conference, President Truman
A) demanded that Stalin resign as leader of the Soviet Union before the United States would negotiate.
B) pressured the British to accept a communist government in Poland.
C) sought to reduce tensions with the Soviets.
D) learned that the United States had successfully tested an atomic bomb.
Q:
In his negotiations with the Soviets concerning the postwar government in Poland, President Truman
A) refused to discuss the matter with Stalin at the Potsdam conference.
B) agreed to the establishment of a communist-controlled government there.
C) demanded that the Soviets accept the American position.
D) indicated a willingness to compromise on the issue.
Q:
The first confrontation between the Soviet Union and the Western democracies after World War II came over
A) Poland.
B) China.
C) Germany.
D) Vietnam.
Q:
As World War II ended, most Americans
A) continued to regard Russian society as open and democratic.
B) found few parallels between the Nazi and Soviet systems.
C) believed the war had been fought for ill-defined reasons.
D) became increasingly fearful of the Soviet Union.
Q:
Joseph Stalin, who headed the government of the Soviet Union at the end of World War II, believed that
A) eastern Europe must be kept under Russia's influence.
B) the United States should be trusted as an ally.
C) fairness was the best basis for governing the Soviet Union.
D) World War II had been a joint Allied victory.
Q:
As president, both Truman and Eisenhower
A) saw communism as a monolithic force.
B) feared Germany more than the Soviet Union.
C) had similar domestic programs.
D) subscribed to the Grand Alliance System.
Q:
After World War II, the Soviet Union
A) felt little effect from the war.
B) was determined to have a buffer zone for protection of its western border.
C) believed it was vulnerable on its eastern border.
D) aggressively pursued a policy of world revolution.
Q:
At the end of World War II, American policymakers generally envisioned a world
A) dominated by the Soviet Union.
B) in which the United States protected its trade position through high tariff barriers.
C) in which American values would spread.
D) from which the United States could isolate itself.
Q:
In the battle of the ________ in May 1942, the United States inflicted heavy damage on Japanese carriers.
Q:
The Republican candidate for president in 1940 was ________ of Indiana.
Q:
In 1939, the Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany ________ and other scientists warned President Roosevelt that the Germans were working to develop an atomic bomb.
Q:
Roosevelt extended Hoover's ________ policy in Latin America.
Q:
Suppose you had been President Franklin Roosevelt at the Yalta Conference in February 1945. Explain what your concerns would have been regarding the war at the time of the conference, what you hoped to achieve there, and to what extent you were able to obtain your goals.
Q:
Describe, in general, the Allied strategy for winning World War II and discuss the implementation of that strategy in Europe.
Q:
Suppose you were a reporter for a magazine in 1944 who had been assigned to write an article on the American woman in that year. Indicate the main facts that you would include in such an article.
Q:
As a typical working-class American living in an industrial center during World War II, write a diary describing the conditions under which you live and the adjustments that your circumstances require of your family.
Q:
Imagine yourself a typical black adult living in the North during World War II. Describe the environment in which you lived and your feelings about your situation.
Q:
Pretend that you were a typical 20-year-old Japanese American in 1942. Describe the circumstances in which you lived at that time.
Q:
Discuss the efforts made by the Franklin Roosevelt administration to mobilize the American economy in support of the war effort after the United States entered World War II in 1941.
Q:
Trace the events between 1937 and 1941 that led to war between the United States and Japan.
Q:
Discuss the efforts of President Franklin Roosevelt to help the Allied Powers after the German invasion of Poland and prior to the American decision to enter the war.
Q:
Trace the major events in Europe between 1933 and the German invasion of Poland in 1939 that led to war and discuss the reaction of the American people and their government to those events.
Q:
The United States dropped four atomic bombs on Japanese cities during World War II.
Q:
Just before Christmas in 1944, the Germans launched a major offensive known as the "Battle of the Bulge" that stalled the Allied advance.
Q:
The United States remained far ahead of Germany in the production of rockets during World War II.
Q:
The Allies dropped over 1.5 million tons of bombs on Europe to win World War II.
Q:
The Pacific War was often brutal and dehumanizing, leading to many atrocities by U.S. troops.
Q:
In July of 1943, the Allies invaded Russia.
Q:
The U.S. and British forces invaded Sicily in 1943.
Q:
George C. Marshall became the top general in the U.S. Army during World War II.
Q:
Even though the United States had not officially declared war against Germany, by autumn of 1941 the two countries were essentially at war with each other in the North Atlantic.
Q:
Prior to 1939, many Americans had hoped that Germany and the Soviet Union would go to war with each other.
Q:
The first atomic bomb dropped on Japan fell on
A) Tokyo.
B) Hiroshima.
C) Osaka.
D) Nagasaki.
Q:
Why did Americans think that using nuclear bombs against Japan was necessary?
A) A land invasion of Japan would cost many American lives.
B) Some wanted revenge for Pearl Harbor.
C) Some wanted to drop the bomb to justify its expensive cost and development.
D) All of the above.
Q:
Who made the final decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan?
A) General George C. Marshall
B) General Dwight D. Eisenhower
C) President Franklin D. Roosevelt
D) President Harry S Truman
Q:
All of the following statements are accurate regarding the Manhattan Project EXCEPT:
A) It was organized in 1941.
B) It was a program to create a nuclear bomb before Germany.
C) The scientists working on the project assumed they were perfecting a military weapon.
D) The program was public and not secret.
Q:
What was the significance of the Bretton-Woods Conference in 1944?
A) It established the World Bank.
B) It established the International Monetary Fund.
C) It fixed the rate of international exchange based on the U.S. dollar.
D) All of the above.
Q:
Which of the following men did Roosevelt drop as his vice-presidential candidate in 1944?
A) Adlai Stevenson
B) Henry Wallace
C) Dwight D. Eisenhower
D) Richard Nixon
Q:
How many terms did Roosevelt serve as president?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Q:
In early 1945, the United States recaptured
A) Hawaii.
B) Alaska.
C) the Philippines.
D) Australia.
Q:
The bombing of Dresden
A) had no strategic purpose for the Allies.
B) was the most destructive bombing campaign of the war.
C) included three waves of planes dropping incendiary bombs, igniting major fires in the city.
D) All of the above.
Q:
All of the following are true about the Normandy landing on D-Day EXCEPT:
A) Too many supplies appeared to land at the start of the invasion.
B) Over a million men would land on the beach over one month's time.
C) The United States would retreat over the course of six months back to France.
D) It took 11,000 planes and 600 ships to support the invasion.
Q:
All of the following statements are true about the background of Dwight D. Eisenhower EXCEPT:
A) He was born in Texas and raised in Kansas.
B) He trained soldiers in Texas during World War I.
C) He was considered an expert planner and organizer.
D) He was a brilliant field commander.
Q:
Roosevelt's political decisions regarding the war
A) often differentiated between "good" and "bad" governments.
B) were dictated by his desire to win.
C) were dictated by his humanitarian ideals.
D) were supported by American liberals.
Q:
In 1942, the Allies
A) suffered numerous military disasters.
B) won several major battles in Italy.
C) succeeded in defending the Philippines.
D) kept the Germans from invading the Soviet Union.
Q:
Allied strategists in World War II decided
A) to concentrate their forces against Japan before challenging the Germans.
B) to concentrate their forces against the Germans first.
C) there was little possibility that Germany might invade Great Britain.
D) that a German defeat of the Soviets would be unimportant.
Q:
As part of the U.S. military during World War II, women
A) were given regular military status.
B) were allowed to be nurses, but not doctors.
C) were able to dispel the belief that women had different capabilities than men.
D) participated as combat troops.
Q:
Black American soldiers during World War II
A) faced little prejudice from white soldiers, unlike in World War I.
B) had a higher percentage of casualties than white soldiers.
C) often recognized the paradox of fighting for freedom when they enjoyed little freedom in the United States.
D) served in integrated units.
Q:
Navajo Indian soldiers during World War II made excellent members of the Signal Corps because
A) they were particularly talented in using electronic equipment.
B) the Navajos could learn Japanese more easily than other Americans.
C) they were more readily accepted by white soldiers than other minority soldiers.
D) the Japanese had difficulty understanding the Navajos' native language.
Q:
Mexican Americans who became soldiers in the United States Army during World War II
A) constituted a very small percentage of the military.
B) often returned to civilian life with a new sense of self-esteem.
C) escaped from the prejudice they had experienced as civilians.
D) proved to be inferior fighters.
Q:
An extremely important aspect of entertainment among American civilians and soldiers during World War II was
A) television.
B) the speakeasy.
C) rock-and-roll music.
D) motion pictures.
Q:
Once World War II was over, most American women
A) found attitudes toward them radically altered.
B) had many new opportunities for equal treatment in the workplace.
C) were expected to return to their traditional roles in the home.
D) fought to maintain the opportunities acquired during the war.
Q:
During World War II, women workers in the United States
A) did not work in heavy industry because it was considered unladylike.
B) were more likely to be married than single.
C) encountered little prejudice in the workplace.
D) were almost exclusively single.
Q:
During World War II, American family life was characterized by
A) sharply increased consumption because the war provided jobs for more people.
B) little change.
C) a declining birthrate.
D) an increase in the number of marriages.
Q:
In its impact on American society, World War II
A) increased the mobility of the American people.
B) decreased the mobility of the American people.
C) required few adjustments in American family life.
D) eliminated prejudice among Americans because they were all fighting for the same cause.
Q:
For Mexican Americans, World War II
A) brought increased economic opportunity.
B) provided few changes in their lifestyle.
C) was a distant event that had little effect on them.
D) was a time when they faced little discrimination.