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History & Theory
Q:
By the 1820s, how many African Americans lived in eastern port cities
A) 50,000
B) 40,000
C) 30,000
D) 20,000
E) 10,000
Q:
Which of the following nations closed the Mississippi River to U.S. shipping?
A) France
B) Britain
C) Germany
D) Spain
Q:
In which of the following port cities was half the population black in 1820?
A) New Orleans.
B) San Francisco.
C) Columbia.
D) Knoxville.
Q:
Which of the following tribes held African American slaves?
A) Wyandotte
B) Chippewa
C) Delaware
D) Cherokee
Q:
The Iroquois, in particular, resisted white
A) disease.
B) Christianity
C) loss of traditional life ways.
D) lack of self-confidence.
Q:
Because of the activities of Handsome Lake, the Iroquois
A) returned to the war path.
B) reclaimed western lands.
C) regained hope and self-confidence.
D) ceded most of their lands to the United States and retreated to small reservations.
Q:
During the immediate postwar years, most white Americans viewed the Native Americans of the interior as
A) rival members of independent nations.
B) equal partners in western settlement.
C) conquered peoples.
D) potential converts to Christian civilization.
Q:
The agreement between big and small states is known as the ___________ by historians.
Q:
William Patterson's idea for a new national government was known as the _________Plan.
Q:
By 1800 in the Chesapeake, more than one in every _________blacks was free.
Q:
James Madison's idea for a new national government was known as the _________Plan.
Q:
The supporters of a ____________national government called themselves Federalists.
Q:
The Confederation Congress passed two ____________ordinances in the 1780s.
Q:
In 1780, the ___________state legislature passed a law to free all newborn slaves when they reached the age of 21.
Q:
By 1790, every state except Georgia and __________had outlawed the international slave trade.
Q:
In 1786, Congress adopted ________Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom.
Q:
The American Revolution gave rise to the idea of separating _________ and state.
Q:
The South's nearly 400,000 ________ were viewed by the British as a resource to be exploited during the war.
Q:
Loyalist numbers were fewest in ________, and concentrated around New York City.
Q:
A(n) ________ virus killed an estimated 130,000 people in North America in the 1770s and 1780s.
Q:
The American traitor ________ laid waste to Virginia's James River Valley.
Q:
Between 1780 and 1782, Russia, the Netherlands, and six other European countries joined in a ________ aimed at protecting their maritime trade against British efforts to control it.
Q:
At the urging of Joseph Brant in the summer of 1777, most of the ________ abandoned neutrality and joined the struggle against the Americans.
Q:
The first plan for a permanent union of the states, sharply limiting what the Congress could do and reserving broad governing powers to the individual states, was the ________.
Q:
Explain what types of Americans chose to remain Loyalists during the Revolution, and why. Discuss the treatment Loyalists received during the war and whether such treatment was fair or appropriate.
Q:
Discuss the difficulties Americans faced in raising, equipping, and maintaining an army.
Q:
Although the Revolution resulted in independence for the American nation, it produced varied consequences for those who lived through it. Analyze the impact of the Revolution on the lives of Native Americans, blacks, and women.
Q:
How were the weak and disunited American states able to defeat Great Britain, the most powerful nation in the Atlantic world? What lessons might the Revolution have offered later Americans for the proper conduct of the Vietnam War?
Q:
Why did fighting in the American Revolution shift over time from the Northeast to the Middle Atlantic to the South? Contrast the primary British and American war strategies from 1776 to 1781.
Q:
Historians have used muster rolls from different towns and regions to analyze the social composition of the continental army and how it changed during the course of the Revolution. Analyze their conclusions.
Q:
About half of New York City's population fled when the British occupied the city.
Q:
Approximately 2,500 American troops died in the Revolutionary War.
Q:
Swarms of camp followers surrounded Washington's army and proved to always be of vital assistance.
Q:
Very few American soldiers were immigrants.
Q:
Approximately 250,000 men fought for the American side during the Revolution.
Q:
At the height of the war, France fielded an army of 10,000 troops in North America.
Q:
In the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the United States agreed to a western boundary at the Mississippi River.
Q:
France entered the American Revolutionary War on the American side in 1778.
Q:
Native Americans who fought for American independence gained great benefits from their efforts.
Q:
The American Revolution lasted for seven years, longer than any other of America's wars until Vietnam nearly 200 years later.
Q:
After the war, the generation of Americans who fought the Revolutionary War
A) preferred European to American newspapers.
B) became passionately absorbed by political debates.
C) focused on private rather than public affairs.
D) rejected religious notions of the nation's destiny.
Q:
Many American black slaves sought their freedom during the Revolution by
A) attempting to take lands from western Indians.
B) seeking return passage to Africa.
C) fighting with the British.
D) fleeing to the maritime provinces of Canada.
Q:
American Loyalists during the Revolution
A) lived mostly in and around the city of Boston.
B) received generous compensation from England for their losses.
C) numbered fewer than 10,000 people.
D) were most numerous around New York City.
Q:
The punishment of Loyalists during the Revolution
A) gained the support of the most conservative patriots.
B) raised concerns over the protection of individual liberty.
C) typically fell hardest upon members of the lower classes.
D) was tempered by feelings of kinship and affection.
Q:
Loyalist emigrants established successful lives in all the following places EXCEPT
A) land west of the Appalachians.
B) Canadian Maritime Provinces.
C) England.
D) British West Indies.
Q:
For American civilians, the Revolution
A) resolved prior problems of housing and public health.
B) struck hardest in the rural regions.
C) seldom touched their lives in a threatening way.
D) often caused destruction or confiscation of their property.
Q:
The medical treatment soldiers received
A) did little good and often did harm.
B) relied heavily on amputation to save lives.
C) saved many from death.
D) was nearly non-existent.
Q:
As the Revolutionary War lengthened and its costs increased, which of the following groups would have been LEAST likely to contribute soldiers for the cause?
A) men of wealth and influence
B) former indentured servants
C) recently arrived immigrants
D) unskilled manual laborers
Q:
During the American Revolution, the state militias
A) increasingly attracted volunteer recruits.
B) served to legitimate the war among the people.
C) required service of only the poorest class of men.
D) provided an effective, well-equipped fighting force.
Q:
Britain lost the Revolutionary War because it
A) pursued overly aggressive military strategies.
B) failed to capitalize sufficiently on its advantages.
C) abandoned traditional European battlefield tactics.
D) proved economically inferior to the combined American states.
Q:
All of the following factors contributed to American victory in the Revolution EXCEPT the
A) administrative and organizational talents of George Washington.
B) American people's determination not to submit.
C) Dutch and French loans, war supplies, and military forces.
D) overwhelming support by Congress and the state governments for the continental army.
Q:
According to the Treaty of Paris (1783), ending the American Revolution,
A) Britain would retain only those territories they controlled at the war's end.
B) the United States would use the property of Loyalists to repay prewar debts owed to British merchants.
C) all British forces would evacuate American territory "with all convenient speed" once hostilities ceased.
D) the western boundary of the United States would be the crest of the Appalachian Mountains.
Q:
In response to the Revolution, the Cherokee Indians
A) launched raids in eastern Tennessee.
B) joined Americans in a military alliance.
C) remained aloof from the conflict.
D) fled the fighting to lands west of the Mississippi River.
Q:
The British invasion of the southern states was complicated by the
A) absence of Loyalist supporters.
B) jagged coastline and numerous inland rivers.
C) colonial use of local knowledge and unconventional tactics.
D) presence of a large slave population.
Q:
Which of the following tribes controlled the southern interior?
A) Cherokee
B) Creek
C) Choctaw
D) All of the above.
Q:
How populous was the Iroquois nation by 1776?
A) 30,000
B) 20,000
C) 15,000
D) 10,000
Q:
Initially in the Revolutionary War, the French concentrated their fleet near
A) Canada.
B) California.
C) the West Coast of Mexico
D) the West Indies.
Q:
Who took advantage of the confusion and chaos of war in Georgia and the Carolinas?
A) Native American families
B) African American slaves
C) private bands of marauders
D) French police
Q:
Intending on pushing further into the South, British commanders realized that
A) the distance was too far.
B) supply lines would be too long.
C) Loyalist sympathy was weak.
D) All of the above.
Q:
During the Revolutionary War, George Washington repeatedly criticized the Continental Congress for
A) blocking needed imports.
B) forming an alliance with France.
C) being soft on land speculators.
D) failing to support the army.
Q:
The ability of the Confederation Congress to function was limited by the stipulation that
A) all war powers belonged to the executive branch.
B) any proposed law required unanimous approval.
C) each state's delegation could cast but one vote.
D) it could not pass resolutions nor seek state support.
Q:
Which of the following were problems experienced by the Continental army?
A) an over-abundance of troops
B) high morale
C) inadequate supplies
D) high salaries for enlisted men.
Q:
Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress would NOT have the power to
A) mediate boundary disputes between the states.
B) declare war.
C) administer relations with Indians living outside state boundaries.
D) impose taxes.
Q:
George Washington's early military setbacks convinced him to
A) engage the British in frontal combat.
B) harass the British, making the war as costly for them as possible.
C) lead an assault on Canada.
D) seek a final attempt at reconciliation with the British.
Q:
Britain established its military headquarters in New York City in 1776 because of the city's
A) access to food supplies.
B) central location.
C) Loyalist sentiments.
D) All of the above.
Q:
During the first year of the Revolution in New England, the
A) British decided to evacuate Boston.
B) numbers and influence of Loyalists increased.
C) numbers of army recruits steadily declined.
D) residents experienced widespread loss of life and property.
Q:
Actual fighting in the American Revolution began when the
A) British army, sent to seize colonial arms, was interrupted by colonists at Lexington.
B) British navy shelled the colonial port of Norfolk, Virginia.
C) colonial army under Washington forced the British to evacuate Boston.
D) colonial Minutemen attacked a British camp guarding an arsenal in Concord.
Q:
Perhaps the most immediately effective protest against the Stamp Act was the
A) organization of mob riots by the Sons of Liberty.
B) passage of formal resolutions by the Virginia House of Burgesses.
C) boycott of British goods by American merchants.
D) formation of an intercolonial Stamp Act Congress.
Q:
Which of the following provisions was NOT a part of George Grenville's program to raise colonial revenue?
A) stamp duties on various colonial documents and products
B) prohibition of colonial currency
C) increased taxes on imported French molasses
D) an expanded list of enumerated commodities
Q:
The end of the Seven Years' War left the American colonies
A) economically prosperous.
B) reluctant to pursue western settlements.
C) more dependent upon British support and leadership.
D) debt-ridden and weakened in manpower.
Q:
The British Proclamation of 1763
A) ordered colonial governors to reserve lands west of the Appalachian Mountains for Indian nations.
B) allowed western Indians the right to trade with any European merchants.
C) successfully ended an attempt by Ottawa Indians to drive the British out of the Ohio Valley.
D) ended reckless speculation in western lands by eastern investors.
Q:
General James Wolfe overcame the French on the Plains of Abraham in 1759 to capture the city of
A) Louisbourg.
B) Montreal.
C) New Orleans.
D) Quebec.
Q:
The turning point of the French and Indian War in America occurred when
A) the French won the alliance of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy.
B) General Edward Braddock claimed control of Fort Duquesne.
C) English Prime Minister William Pitt threw his nation's full military might into the American campaign.
D) American representatives approved a plan for intercolonial action.
Q:
The underlying cause of the Seven Years' War in America was the
A) French takeover of the western fur trade.
B) English colonial penetration of the Ohio Valley.
C) French attack on the western forces of George Washington.
D) English retaliation against western Indian attacks.
Q:
England declared war on Spain in 1739 because of a desire to
A) win commercial privileges from its ally France.
B) avenge Spanish piracy of English merchant ships.
C) end Spanish involvement in smuggling activities.
D) dominate trade in the Atlantic basin.
Q:
As a result of the Molasses Act of 1733,
A) New England rum had to be shipped to England before being exported to another country.
B) New England merchants and shippers gained new respect for royal authority.
C) trade between New England and the French West Indies collapsed.
D) many of New England's largest merchants and distillers resorted to smuggling.
Q:
Following the Glorious Revolution of 1688, England
A) tightened imperial controls over its American empire.
B) entered a political alliance with France.
C) forbade colonial merchants the right to engage in foreign trade.
D) relaxed customs regulations and reduced duties.
Q:
For a poor shoemaker like Ebenezer MacIntosh of Boston, the wars of the latter eighteenth century
A) destroyed his faith in democratic government.
B) imposed economic hardships and deprivation.
C) had little impact or significance.
D) offered an opportunity for economic gain.
Q:
The ________ ended the Seven Years' War in 1763.
Q:
Between 1759 and 1761, the ________ tribe fought against the British in North America.