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Q:
Under the Waltham System, __________.
A) laborers performed the work in their own homes
B) laborers often fell heavily in debt to the company store because of easy credit
C) each laborer was responsible for training his own apprentice
D) young farm women worked and lived under strictly supervised conditions
Q:
Most workers in the earliest textile factories were which of the following?
A) women and children
B) former hand spinners and hand weavers
C) immigrants
D) displaced farmers
Q:
Crucial for the growing divide between owners and workers was the __________.
A) suburbanization of the middle class
B) legal residential segregation of workers from owners
C) expulsion of workers from the inner city
D) physical separation of masters and workers
Q:
Even though the economic gap between owners and workers had grown considerably by the 1840s, workers __________.
A) and employers continued to socialize and view each other as equals
B) embraced urban life and found wage work surprisingly satisfying
C) failed to become a self-conscious working class
D) continued to play a vital part in the ranks of national and local politicians
Q:
Who headed the Boston Associates, owner of the innovative Waltham mills?
A) Francis Cabot Lowell
B) Eli Whitney
C) Samuel Slater
D) Robert Fulton
Q:
The first American factory was developed by __________.
A) Samuel Slater to spin cotton thread
B) Francis Lowell to weave woolen cloth
C) Robert Fulton to build steamboats
D) Eli Whitney to manufacture cotton gins
Q:
The __________ was an early nineteenth century development that addressed the problems of locating sufficient capital, transporting raw materials to factories and products to consumers, and supervising large numbers of workers.
A) Lowell System
B) industrial revolution
C) market revolution
D) Waltham System
Q:
The consumer revolution of the early nineteenth century __________.
A) encouraged plain and simple living
B) was accompanied by the emulation of aristocratic manners
C) came at a time of economic stagnation and complacency
D) led to the violent rejection of anything that seemed cosmopolitan or luxurious
Q:
Assess the failures and successes of John Quincy Adams' presidency.
Q:
Discuss the reasons for the increasing sectional divisions in the United States in the 1820s.
Q:
How did the War of 1812 change the nation's political landscape?
Q:
Assess the successes and failures of the United States in the War of 1812, both in diplomacy and on the battlefield.
Q:
How did the western frontier contribute to the coming of the War of 1812?
Q:
Which of the following ideas united Americans across the growing sectional divide?
A) the recognition that slavery was the foundation of the nation's economy
B) Americans' unrestricted and absolute right to any and all property
C) pride in the uniqueness of the American system of government
D) the belief in universal human rights
Q:
The author of The South Carolina Exposition and Protest who, drawing on the works of John Locke, stated that it was within the authority of a state to nullify a law within its boundaries if a state convention found an act of Congress unconstitutional was __________.
A) Henry Clay
B) John C. Calhoun
C) Andrew Jackson
D) Daniel Webster
Q:
What angered southerners about the Tariff of 1828?
A) It threatened to impoverish the South with its excessively high rates.
B) The measure established rates on raw materials which were too low to protect southern crops.
C) The law seemed to be designed to promote the candidacy of John Quincy Adams.
D) The tariff dramatically cut rates and flooded the South with cheap imported goods.
Q:
The Tariff of 1828 was also known as the __________.
A) Tariff of No Return
B) Extravagant Tariff
C) Tariff of Abominations
D) Bloody Tariff
Q:
As president, John Quincy Adams __________.
A) was an inept politician
B) eloquently aroused public support for his programs
C) was extraordinarily sensitive to the mood of public opinion
D) strongly opposed federal support for internal improvements
Q:
Who was chosen president in 1824 by the House of Representatives when no candidate received a majority of votes in the Electoral College?
A) James Monroe
B) Andrew Jackson
C) John Quincy Adams
D) James Madison
Q:
The election of 1824 was waged on mainly personal grounds because the __________.
A) Democrats were trying to destroy their political opponents
B) previous party system had collapsed
C) newspapers encouraged a mudslinging, negative campaign
D) Whigs were out to win at any price
Q:
What role did Maine play in the Missouri Compromise of 1820?
A) Maine senators were most adamant in their opposition to the admission of another slave state.
B) Senator Tallmadge from Maine brokered the compromise.
C) Maine was separated from the state of Massachusetts to form a new free state.
D) Maine was the one northern state that voted with the South, thereby allowing the admission of Missouri.
Q:
Northern objections to admitting Missouri as a slave state were based on which of the following?
A) the immorality of slavery and the natural rights of African American citizens
B) the overrepresentation slave states would have in the House
C) the loss of federal revenue when plantations rather than homesteads were established
D) their fears that this would lead to resumption of the international slave trade
Q:
The vote in the House of Representatives on Tallmadge's amendment to the Missouri Enabling Act in 1819 demonstrated which of the following?
A) The rapidly growing North controlled the House of Representatives.
B) Only a small minority of politicians favored restricting the expansion of slavery.
C) The South retained the power to limit the actions of the House.
D) The emerging West held the balance of power in the House.
Q:
As a result of the Missouri Compromise, which two states were admitted into the Union?
A) Missouri and Maine
B) Missouri and Massachusetts
C) Arkansas and Kansas
D) Rhode Island and Kentucky
Q:
The essential question involved in the Missouri Compromise was whether or not Missouri would __________.
A) be allowed to import slaves from abroad
B) include present-day Kansas in its boundaries
C) come into the Union as a free or slave state
D) be forced to pay its share of the cost of the Louisiana Purchase
Q:
What made Henry Clay so significant in the 1820s?
A) His political theories later inspired John C. Calhoun to argue for state's rights.
B) His political genius stood behind Andrew Jackson's powerful political machine.
C) His political skills were as remarkable and his concept of the American System had lasting influence.
D) An intellectual first and foremost, he was most comfortable in the company of Virginia's old elite.
Q:
John C. Calhoun of South Carolina was __________.
A) a smooth political manipulator who avoided taking political positions whenever possible
B) a poorly educated, rough-and-tumble, frontier politician
C) possessed by all of the virtues and most of the vices of the puritan, being suspicious both of himself and of others
D) devoted to the South, but known for his broad national view of political affairs
Q:
Which of the following accurately describes Albert Gallatin?
A) A former general, he was the first cabinet member born west of the Appalachians.
B) Descendant of a renowned Boston family with deep roots in the American Revolution, he had the solid support of New England.
C) He was a successful Pennsylvania grain merchant and the first Quaker in the cabinet.
D) Monroe's secretary of the treasury, he urged the passage of Macon's Bill No. 2.
Q:
Which of the following best characterizes Martin Van Buren?
A) He was a stoic and staunch advocate for Southern planters.
B) He was a gregarious New Yorker who avoided partisanship.
C) He served brilliantly under President Monroe as Secretary of State.
D) A senator from Kentucky, he found ways to connect Northerners and Southerners on western issues.
Q:
The best-known political leader of the North in the early 1820s, who served brilliantly as Monroe's secretary of state, was __________.
A) Daniel Webster
B) James Madison
C) Alexander J. Dallas
D) John Quincy Adams
Q:
Which of the following accurately assesses the way most white Americans understood slavery?
A) They saw it as a beneficial institution.
B) They deplored it as an immoral sin.
C) They ardently wished for its nationwide expansion.
D) They understood it primarily as a local issue.
Q:
Who consistently favored low prices and easy credit for western land?
A) settlers
B) manufacturers
C) craftsmen
D) merchants
Q:
Western opinion on public land policy in the early nineteenth century generally favored which of the following?
A) increasing the price and the minimum size offered for sale
B) reducing the price, but increasing the minimum size offered for sale
C) reducing the price and the minimum size offered for sale
D) increasing the price, but reducing the minimum size offered for sale
Q:
How did the Bank of the United States influence the economy in 1819?
A) Its high interest rates prevented an overheating of the economy.
B) The bank's low interest rates encouraged borrowing and economic growth in the nation's centers for real estate speculation.
C) Its mandate to pay of the nation's debt meant that it had a deflationary and depressing effect on the economy.
D) Its generous issue of notes made it hard for the bank to withstand runs, further spreading the economic depression.
Q:
The original Bank of the United States that Hamilton proposed __________.
A) was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1814
B) did not have its charter renewed when it expired in 1811
C) was strongly supported by southern planters
D) was unable to interest foreign investors in purchasing its stock
Q:
How did the nation's population change between 1790 and 1820?
A) It more than doubled.
B) It almost tripled.
C) It remained steady due to westward migration.
D) It shrunk slightly as a result of the Napoleonic wars.
Q:
What defined the "Era of Good Feelings"?
A) the absence of organized political parties opposing each other
B) the return to the political and economic philosophy of Jefferson
C) the exceptionally strong leadership by Monroe as head of his party
D) the absence of any divisive political and economic issues
Q:
Which of the following accurately assesses the larger significance of the Monroe Doctrine?
A) It provided Latin American nations with the signal of support they needed for independence.
B) It further cemented the nation's lack of interest in international commerce.
C) It was received with much amusement in Europe and had virtually no impact on international affairs.
D) It marked another high point in the nation's independence from European political traditions and entanglements.
Q:
"The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers." The source of this quote is which of the following?
A) the Embargo Act
B) the Transcontinental Treaty
C) Washington's Neutrality Proclamation
D) the Monroe Doctrine
Q:
The Monroe Doctrine's warning against European interference in America came because __________ colonies rebelled to gain their independence.
A) France's
B) Spain's
C) Portugal's
D) England's
Q:
The Monroe Doctrine __________.
A) proclaimed President Monroe's intention of intervening actively in Europe
B) followed precisely a suggestion made earlier by the British government
C) hoped to insulate the United States from involvement in European affairs
D) asserted American claims to all of the Oregon country
Q:
The Transcontinental Treaty of 1819 __________.
A) gave the United States claim to the entire Texas area
B) settled American boundary disputes with Canada
C) established joint occupation of the Oregon country
D) transferred Florida to the United States for $5 million and settled the boundary of the Louisiana territory to the Pacific
Q:
Who was the American general who pursued the Seminole Native Americans into Florida and seized two Spanish forts?
A) Henry Dearborn
B) William Henry Harrison
C) Oliver Hazard Perry
D) Andrew Jackson
Q:
In which of the following did Great Britain and the United States agree to set a limit on the number of armed vessels on the Great Lakes?
A) Rush-Bagot Agreement
B) Transcontinental Treaty
C) St. Lawrence Accord
D) Monroe Doctrine
Q:
The Battle of New Orleans in 1815 resulted in the __________.
A) negotiation of the Treaty of Ghent on terms favorable to the United States
B) acquisition of the area through the Louisiana Purchase
C) emergence of Andrew Jackson as a military hero
D) writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key
Q:
As a result of the War of 1812, the Federalists __________.
A) increased their popularity in all regions
B) were discredited as a political party
C) lost popularity in the South
D) regained the presidency in the election of 1816
Q:
In January 1815, which of the following gave states the right to assert their authority should "deliberate, dangerous and palpable infractions of the Constitution" be made?
A) the Essex Junto
B) the Hartford Convention
C) the Federalist Papers
D) the Kentucky and Virginia Resolves
Q:
During the War of 1812, Federalists in New England __________.
A) refused to provide militia to aid in the fight
B) supplied the American army with goods at prices below their cost
C) purchased most of the government bonds to fund the war
D) tried to negotiate an unofficial peace with France
Q:
The Treaty of Ghent (1814) ending the War of 1812 __________.
A) required the British to stop the impressment of seamen
B) simply reestablished the status quo from before the war
C) clearly defined the rights of neutral nations
D) was merely a temporary halt in the ongoing violent conflicts between the British and the American.
Q:
What major U.S. city was sacked and burned by the British in 1814?
A) Washington
B) New Orleans
C) Baltimore
D) Philadelphia
Q:
Why did the British change their strategy against the United States in 1814?
A) They could expect the support of France and Spain at that time.
B) The war in Europe, which had diverted their attention earlier, was now over.
C) The American military effort had broken down completely.
D) They had been soundly defeated in Europe.
Q:
How did the British hope to force the United States to surrender and declare defeat?
A) with a naval blockade
B) with an amphibious attack on Boston
C) with a major offensive by Native Americans from west of the Mississippi
D) with a coordinated attack on the Mississippi River Valley from Canada and New Orleans
Q:
In the War of 1812, the most effective American action against British shipping was by which of the following?
A) U.S. frigates
B) navies of the individual states
C) pirates in the Caribbean
D) privateering merchantmen
Q:
In the War of 1812, Captain Isaac Hull commanded the USS __________ to a brilliant victory over the HMS Guerrire.
A) Chesapeake
B) Constitution
C) Leopard
D) United States
Q:
Which statement regarding the American navy's seven modern frigates?
A) They could not pretend to challenge British command of the seas.
B) They were an insurmountable obstacle to the overtaxed British navy.
C) They were poorly built and failed miserably in combat.
D) They were marvels of engineering but suffered under incompetent crews.
Q:
Why did the War Hawks called for war against Great Britain?
A) They agreed with the New England merchants' desire to stop impressment of their sailors.
B) They wanted to defend the national honor and save the republic from British domination.
C) They hoped to reopen European ports to U.S. trade.
D) They were trying to divert public attention away from their immoral treatment of the Native Americans.
Q:
Which of the following was one of the causes of the War of 1812?
A) demand from New England merchants that their shipping be protected
B) desire of Westerners to expand into Florida
C) British repeal of the Orders in Council
D) French blockade of American ports
Q:
Why did the new British foreign secretary Lord Castlereagh agree to stop the attacks on American merchant vessels in June 1812?
A) The British army had just won a tremendous victory over Napoleon at Waterloo.
B) British manufacturers were pressuring the British government to stop the attacks.
C) Strong economic growth rates in Britain made the interception of American vessels seem less necessary.
D) President Madison had sent former president Thomas Jefferson to negotiate with Castlereagh " with stunning success.
Q:
Tecumseh's brother, Tenskwatawa (or "The Prophet"), __________.
A) called upon Native Americans to farm and copy the ways of whites
B) was a spy for General William Henry Harrison
C) declared Native Americans should reject white ways, clothes, and liquor
D) was paid by the French to disrupt American settlement of the Ohio River Valley
Q:
Why did Westerners want a war against Britain?
A) They were tired of raids organized from nearby British forts.
B) They worried about the increasing power of thickly settled Canada to the North.
C) They were hoping that fertile lands in Canada would fall into their hands.
D) They knew of the gold deposits in the Minnesota territory and sought to wrest it from the British.
Q:
What was one of the major reasons for American entry in the War of 1812?
A) American belief that the Spanish were inspiring Native American resistance to American expansion
B) French attacks on American shipping
C) American belief that the French were inspiring Native American resistance to American expansion
D) American belief that the British were inspiring Native American resistance to American expansion
Q:
President Madison did not reapply the non-intercourse policy to France __________.
A) even though his cabinet members strongly urged him to do so
B) because Napoleon had kept his word and no longer interfered with American shipping
C) even though Napoleon defied Macon's Bill No. 2 while publicly accepting it
D) because he had pledged to do so during his election campaign
Q:
Although Macon's Bill No. 2 temporarily removed all restrictions on trade, __________.
A) non-intercourse would be reapplied to whoever violated American neutrality rights
B) Americans did not take advantage of the chance to trade with Great Britain
C) Americans preferred to trade with other neutral nations
D) the Embargo Act would be reapplied in December 1810 if war in Europe continued
Q:
What explains Jefferson's long-lasting popularity?
Q:
Why did Jefferson call for the passage of the Embargo Act in 1807?
Q:
Explain the origins of the Louisiana Purchase.
Q:
Explain the constitutional and political significance of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison.
Q:
Assess the significance of the election of 1800.
Q:
For Thomas Jefferson, the ideal citizen was a(n) __________.
A) small independent farmer
B) prosperous planter
C) urban artisan
D) well-connected merchant
Q:
In the election of 1800, conservatives were drawn to __________.
A) Jefferson's position on race relations
B) Jefferson's stand on taxes and the federal budget
C) Adam's prudence and integrity
D) Hamilton's support for the national bank
Q:
How did Thomas Jefferson build his political capital?
A) He promised different congressional districts federal funding for their pet projects.
B) He accumulated dirty secrets on congressmen and blackmailed them when necessary.
C) He appealed to voters directly to contact their congressmen, thereby putting political pressure on his opponents.
D) He got to know every congressman personally and worked his charm on them.
Q:
What did Jefferson describe as the "handmaid" of the American economy?
A) agriculture
B) commerce
C) manufacturing
D) government
Q:
What was the large significance of Hamilton's death in his duel with Burr?
A) The incident highlighted the deep partisanship that separated Republicans from Federalists.
B) His death deprived the nation of one of its most enigmatic and important leaders.
C) The deadly duel marked the beginning of the end of the Jefferson administration.
D) His death resulted in the rejection of Hamilton's political views that previously dominated Washington.
Q:
Jefferson's enthusiasm for the Louisiana Purchase revealed which of the following?
A) his imperialistic visions were much like those of Hamilton
B) his bellicose attitude toward Native Americans
C) his true desire for an expansion of the slavery
D) his disregard for the Constitution of the United States
Q:
Which industry benefitted particularly from the Napoleonic Wars?
A) the cotton trade
B) road construction
C) shipbuilding
D) the import business
Q:
Which of the following can be considered Jefferson's biggest weakness as a president?
A) his unwillingness to build a real navy
B) his lack of communication with Congress
C) his small-minded attitude and provincialism
D) his deliberate sabotage of the National Bank
Q:
How successful was Jefferson as president by 1805?
A) He seemed to have led his fellow Americans into a golden age.
B) He was very successful in all areas except domestic policy.
C) He had one of the most disastrous first terms ever completed by a president who was reelected.
D) He was very successful in all areas except foreign policy.
Q:
Thomas Jefferson prepared the country for democracy by __________.
A) demonstrating that there was almost no difference between the parties
B) introducing legislation to abolish slavery
C) encouraging poor white males to vote
D) proving that a democrat could establish and maintain a stable regime
Q:
The Embargo Act of 1807 __________.
A) won public acclaim for Jefferson because "he kept us out of war."
B) was resented and resisted by large numbers of Americans.
C) easily accomplished its purpose.
D) was not supported initially by many Americans, but they eventually saw the wisdom of Jefferson's policy.
Q:
Under __________, exports were totally prohibited from and only foreign vessels were allowed to import goods to America.
A) the Non-Intercourse Act
B) the Embargo Act
C) Macon's Bill Number Two
D) the Berlin and Milan Decrees