Q&A Hero

Q: During the war years, the number of __________. A) marriages increased B) divorces increased C) marriages decreased D) divorces decreased

Q: Which of the following improved access to credit for many Americans? A) Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act B) Adamson Act C) Federal Reserve Act D) Currency Act

Q: Important emerging industries in the New South included __________. A) cattle ranching B) processed chemicals C) canning D) tobacco, in the form of cigarettes

Q: Western manufacturers improved their business conditions by __________. A) refusing to trade with southern states B) enacting stiff tariffs against eastern goods C) turning to steam power after 1840 D) investing in industries that did not need interchangeable parts

Q: Delegates met at the Annapolis Convention to __________. A) create a new federal government B) call for a regulated land policy for the Northwest C) challenge the institution of slavery D) devise a universal system of commercial regulation

Q: Rice farming was very similar to the farming of __________. A) tobacco B) cotton C) sugar D) wheat

Q: On April 19, 1993, federal agents raided the fortified compound of __________ in Waco, Texas. A) the Moonies B) the Branch Davidians C) Opus Dei D) the Moral Majority

Q: Which statement about Native Americans in World War II is true? A) The government did very little to assimilate Indians into the war effort. B) The average cash income of Indians experienced a decrease during the war. C) They often served as effective code-talkers by using Native American languages. D) There was an increase in the number of Native Americans who lived in urban areas.

Q: Which statement best describes Woodrow Wilson's style as president? A) He built upon Roosevelt's model of strong executive authority. B) He kept his distance from issues, letting his cabinet take political leadership. C) His reluctance to sponsor legislation hurt his effectiveness as president. D) His support for radical reforms pleased socialists and advocates of women's suffrage.

Q: Around the turn of the twentieth century, wages in the South __________. A) were higher than those in the North B) were about the same as those in the North C) were lower than those in the North D) could not be adequately measured

Q: The Rhode Island system of employment was based on the __________. A) recruitment of adolescent girls as millworkers B) use of children as laborers in mills C) use of German immigrants in factories D) recruitment of workers through the promise of unionization

Q: How did Spain increase pressure on the West in the summer of 1784? A) It threatened to start a Spanish-Indian war. B) It set a deadline for negotiating westward expansion with the American government. C) It refused to allow settlers to pass through Spanish territory. D) It closed the Mississippi River to American trade.

Q: The profits earned from rice persuaded Carolina planters to __________. A) invest more heavily in slave labor B) plant more C) bring more indentured servants to the region D) try their hand at other crops

Q: Waco and Oklahoma City were examples of __________. A) domestic terrorism B) the war on drugs C) foreign terrorism D) random acts of violence

Q: What prompted J. Robert Oppenheimer to say, "Now I am become death"? A) viewing the grim remains of the Battle of Saipan B) observing the Nazi death camp at Auschwitz C) seeing a nuclear fission bomb tested for the first time D) watching the Battle of Stalingrad from a barn in the countryside

Q: The first income tax enacted after the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment had a top tax rate of __________ percent. A) 7 B) 29 C) 42 D) 49

Q: Which statement about women in the New South is true? A) Their new roles in southern life changed the prevailing views about the role of women. B) They were unable to find work in textile mills, in city factories, or as servants. C) Some women became less active in civic work and reform. D) They organized clubs, preserved and promoted the memories of war, and lobbied for various causes.

Q: Which nation pioneered most of the technological methods and advances of industrialization? A) the United States B) France C) Great Britain D) Russia

Q: As social, political, and economic crises increased in the mid-1780s, __________. A) supporters of the Articles of Confederation grew in number B) more American leaders became nationalists C) westerners were the only Americans who were satisfied with governmental policies D) unicameral legislatures dominated state governments

Q: Which crop, introduced in the 1690s, became a staple for the Carolina economy? A) tobacco B) sugar C) rice D) wheat

Q: The outcome of the budget wars in 1995 and 1996 __________. A) showed that neither political party provided a voice of moderation B) illustrated the weaknesses of bipartisan politics C) revealed that centrist solutions were preferred by most Americans D) served as an example of the dominant power of right-wing Republicanism

Q: The Manhattan Project was the code name for __________. A) the D-Day invasion B) rationing programs in the United States C) the project to develop the atomic bomb D) the American attack at Iwo Jima

Q: What was the goal of Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program? A) increased government support for labor B) a rejection of Roosevelt's "regulated monopoly" system C) reduced influence of big business in government D) increased social welfare legislation

Q: The term Solid South refers to __________. A) reform groups that supported racial unity B) the growing power of the Lower South in the national economy C) the dominance of the Democratic Party in southern politics D) the South's commitment to balancing the wealth in the rural economy

Q: The putting-out system __________. A) did not develop until the years just before the Civil War B) created a business relationship between merchants and household artisans C) gave property owners the right to evict tenants from specific ethnic groups D) was the foundation of the first large-scale factories in Pittsburgh

Q: John Jay's treaty with Spain was opposed by congressmen from the South, because __________. A) they believed Spain was trying to subsidize northern industry B) they suspected Jay of secretly working for British interests C) they felt Jay had sold out the interests of Southerners who had pioneered the West D) Jay was a leading spokesman in favor of Indian rights and ending slavery

Q: Who devised the "Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina"? A) Charles II B) Anthony Ashley Cooper C) Walter Raleigh D) William Penn

Q: When the federal government shut down in 1995, most Americans blamed __________. A) Newt Gingrich and his congressional allies B) the Democratic Party C) President Bush D) the Federal Reserve

Q: What was the most costly scientific development during World War II? A) antibiotics B) radar technology C) aircraft technology D) weapons systems

Q: Jane Addams supported the __________ Party in the 1912 election. A) Republican B) Democratic C) Progressive D) Socialist

Q: For the last two decades of the nineteenth century and much of the twentieth century, the Republican Party had the least success in the __________. A) Midwest B) West C) South D) Northeast

Q: What was the result when the Boston Associates built dams and canals? A) The industrial economy of the region worsened. B) Workers went on strike in protest of the construction. C) The region's ecology and farmlands were altered. D) Legal battles over water rights ceased to be a political issue.

Q: Spain contested American land expansion __________. A) in New England B) along the Mississippi River C) east of the Appalachian Mountains D) near the Canadian border

Q: The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina ensured stability by linking property ownership and political rights to __________. A) the ability to earn freedom B) a hierarchical social order C) religious beliefs D) monetary gain

Q: What effect did the war on drugs have on the prison system? A) It created a boom in the prison population in the 1980s and 1990s. B) It led to fewer incarcerations. C) It increased the number of inmates on Death Row. D) It penalized drug crimes by fines instead of jail time.

Q: By 1943, __________ percent of the world's military production was coming from the United States. A) 10 B) 30 C) 40 D) 60

Q: Which of the following was the Socialist Party candidate for president in 1912? A) Eugene Debs B) Woodrow Wilson C) William Howard Taft D) William Jennings Bryan

Q: Historians are divided in opinion regarding Reconstruction's events and outcomes. What do you feel were the events that best expressed the Reconstruction period? Why do you feel Reconstruction reforms were ended in 1877?

Q: Which of the following statements about immigration from 1840 to 1860 is true? A) Most immigrants settled in the southern United States. B) Irish-Americans generally experienced better living conditions than German-Americans. C) Immigrants provided a large source of labor that helped fuel industrial development. D) Immigrants in urban areas tended to live in neighborhoods with a mixture of ethnicities.

Q: The states' failure to repay Loyalists for property that was confiscated during wartime created a pretext for the British to __________. A) tax Anti-Loyalists B) keep their forts in the West C) spread propaganda to Canadian settlers D) team up with Native American tribes

Q: What was the dominant religion in the English colonies during the seventeenth century? A) Puritan B) Quaker C) Catholic D) Anglican

Q: The Republicans pushed the "Contract with America" agenda right after __________. A) the nomination of Bob Dole in 1996 B) George Bush's defeat in 1992 C) President Clinton's reelection in 1996 D) their historic victory in the midterm elections of 1994

Q: The Office of Price Administration fought inflation by __________. A) intentionally decreasing farm incomes B) implementing price controls and rationing C) paying off the entire national debt D) ordering lower wages for war industry workers

Q: William Howard Taft's support for the Sixteenth Amendment opened a period when __________. A) the federal government expanded its activities and responsibilities B) the Republican Party unified under a broad reform agenda C) conservatives, such as Nelson Aldrich, rallied behind his aggressive social reforms D) labor unions declined to a role of insignificance

Q: What factors accounted for the rise of the Republican Party in the South, and then the reemergence of the Democratic Party as the dominant power in the South?

Q: Why did many Irish people come to America in the 1840s and 1850s? A) poor business conditions for Ireland's large middle class B) England's success at stopping the practice of Roman Catholicism in Ireland C) the U.S. government's tendency to prefer Irish rather than German immigration D) domination of Protestant landlords and starvation in Ireland

Q: After the war, Loyalists __________. A) still faced hostility in the new United States B) refused to leave the new nation C) were allowed to keep their property D) benefited from treaty requirements that they could not be harassed

Q: Why was it difficult for colonists to become wealthy in the sugar trade? A) Production of sugar required costly investments in land and equipment. B) Slaves could not be taught to cultivate sugar. C) Demand for sugar in Europe was low. D) Sugar was difficult to store on long transatlantic voyages.

Q: Despite the support of many voters, President Clinton failed to __________. A) enact any measures regarding civil liberties B) pursue the goals of free trade C) pass significant health care reform D) raise taxes on the wealthy class

Q: The War Production Board __________. A) allocated workers among vital industries B) invested in new factories and managed war contracts C) issued ration cards D) produced military propaganda films

Q: Supporters of Theodore Roosevelt formed the __________ Party and nominated the former president to run against President Taft. A) Progressive B) Populist C) Green D) Nationalist

Q: In the two decades following reconstruction, what was the impact of the United States Supreme Court's decisions on African Americans? A) They essentially found that the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments did not apply to blacks. B) They continued to champion the rights of blacks. C) They took away the right to vote from all but property-owning freed blacks. D) They sent mixed messages about the rights of black citizens.

Q: Which of the following was America's first large-scale, planned city for the sole purpose of manufacturing? A) Rochester, New York B) Lowell, Massachusetts C) Reading, Pennsylvania D) Buffalo, New York

Q: Chesapeake planters refused to pay their debts to Britain because __________. A) the Treaty of Paris did not require payment of debts B) the planters were all bankrupt and without assets C) Britain had freed many slaves without compensation to slaveowners D) the planters argued that they never incurred financial debts to British merchants

Q: Which of the following was one of the ways that slaves managed to preserve some elements of a normal life under the brutal conditions of slavery and the slave codes? A) They formed families. B) They adopted English traditions. C) They built churches to worship in. D) They joined the Anglican Church.

Q: In March 1999, NATO began a bombing campaign in __________. A) Kosovo B) Bosnia C) Somalia D) Haiti

Q: Which statement about American support for World War II is true? A) Officials were surprised that not many men enlisted after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. B) For the first time in U.S. military history, racial equality existed in the army. C) The support for the war unified Americans across regional, national, and class divisions. D) Women played no significant role in the Allies' victory.

Q: During the presidency of William Howard Taft, __________. A) the Republican Party split into two factions B) Robert La Follette emerged as an opponent of reform C) conservative Republicans pushed for lower tariffs D) Richard Ballinger was fired as secretary of the interior

Q: In the late 1870s, black economic status __________ while white economic status __________. A) increased; decreased B) decreased; increased C) remained stable; experienced a depression D) remained unchanged; declined

Q: St. Louis was ideally located for urban growth because it__________. A) was the closest western city to the Erie Canal B) was located on both the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers C) served as a transport center for the coalfields of western Missouri D) served as the immediate outlet to the Atlantic for southern cotton

Q: How have American politics concerning debt come full circle since the 1780s? A) There are a record number of Antifederalists. B) Debtors have revolted against local courthouses. C) Record levels of both private and governmental indebtedness have led to anger and instability. D) We are in a historic time of peak prosperity.

Q: By 1700, more than __________ slaves had been brought to the English West Indies. A) 25,000 B) 100,000 C) 250,000 D) 500,000

Q: By the early 1990s, many young American voters had come to believe that __________. A) individual opportunities were diminishing B) American foreign policy was being neglected C) the economic problems of the 1990s did not affect their lives D) the Republicans had placed too much emphasis on social policies

Q: During World War II, the number of civilian employees in the federal government grew __________ times larger. A) two B) three C) four D) five

Q: Which of the following was a major focus of Theodore Roosevelt's presidency? A) promoting a constitutional amendment to establish an income tax B) using federal subsidies to rescue the failing Standard Oil Company C) suing "bad trusts" that he believed were guilty of misconduct D) repealing consumer protection laws

Q: Overall, regarding Reconstruction constitutional amendments and laws, the Supreme Court in the latter part of the nineteenth century __________. A) upheld them to the letter B) gave them strong support C) refused to rule on them D) interpreted them in ways detrimental to blacks

Q: The enormous growth of New York City was fueled by which of the following factors? A) improved living conditions among the urban poor B) establishment of a citywide hospital system that reduced infant mortality C) the founding of benevolent societies that fed the poor and prevented deaths by starvation D) the significant increase in immigration

Q: The Land Ordinance of 1785 encouraged a certain type of settler by __________. A) requiring a minimum purchase of 640 acres B) allowing Indians to remain settled in their ancestral lands C) prohibiting the spread of Catholicism west of the Appalachian Mountains D) requiring new states to pay for all the costs of education in new territories

Q: Farming of which of the following caused widespread deforestation of entire Caribbean islands? A) maize B) tobacco C) cotton D) sugar cane

Q: Which of the following was NOT one of the promises Bill Clinton made in the campaign of 1992? A) to reduce government bureaucracy B) to reduce the deficit C) to make a return to "family values" D) to work on health care and welfare reform

Q: The first check to Japanese expansion came at the Battle of the Coral Sea when __________. A) British reinforcements relieved a battered U.S. navy B) U.S. aircraft carriers halted a Japanese advance toward Australia C) the Japanese were forced to surrender the island fortress of Corregidor D) the alliance of the Axis Powers dissolved

Q: How did Theodore Roosevelt establish a regulatory role for government? A) by appointing pro-regulation justices to the Supreme Court B) by bringing multiple anti-trust suits against business combinations C) by pressuring Congress to pass laws authorizing the president to regulate business D) by forcing federal agencies to more actively regulate labor conditions

Q: In the post-Reconstruction period, __________. A) blacks in the South were relegated to second-class citizenship B) segregation was established and reinforced in all northern and southern cities C) the Republican Party increased its efforts to guarantee equality for blacks D) southern blacks went to desegregated schools, but were segregated in all other areas

Q: During the 1840s, __________. A) canals emerged as the most efficient form of commercial transportation B) rail connections helped establish close economic ties between the Northeast and South C) railroads became the most dynamic booster of interregional trade D) canals moved trade much faster and for less capital investment than railroads

Q: Why were conservatives alarmed by the actions of the debtor party in Rhode Island? A) The conservatives were angered by the party's unofficial alliance with England. B) Conservatives feared the creation of governments that included farmers and artisans. C) The debtor party supported an open policy of free trade with Great Britain. D) The debtor party wished to reduce voting rights that had been gained in the Revolution.

Q: By the 1640s, the principal crop grown in Barbados went from being tobacco to __________. A) sugar B) corn C) wheat D) barley

Q: In the mid-1990s, __________ came of age and voted based on their worries about the foreclosure of opportunities. A) Generation Y B) Millennials C) Generation X D) Baby Boomers

Q: Which of the following allowed the Allies to win the Battle of the Atlantic? A) Disruptions to the supply chain prevented German manufacturers from producing new U-boats. B) New sonar systems improved the tracking of German U-boats. C) The United States threatened to use an atomic bomb. D) The Soviet Union sent naval reinforcements.

Q: Regarding how humans should deal with the natural world, Theodore Roosevelt can best be classified a(n) __________. A) environmentalist B) preservationist C) conservationist D) deep ecologist

Q: In his book, The Facts of Reconstruction, John R. Lynch argued that __________. A) the South had been victimized by an avaricious North B) the election of 1876 betrayed the state governments of the South C) Reconstruction included commendable events D) the "bayonet rule" by the North was the personification of injustice during Reconstruction