Q&A Hero

Q: President Reagan reacted to Mikhail Gorbachev's offers of Soviet military cutbacks __________. A) with great suspicion B) by refusing to meet with the Soviet leader C) by embracing the Soviet Union's new positions D) after Gorbachev was removed from office

Q: Which of the following groups received the least assistance from early New Deal reforms? A) working women B) farm families C) the elderly D) the urban poor

Q: Some historians have called the presidential election of 1896 "the nation's first "˜modern" election." Evaluate the validity of this statement by analyzing the issues, conflicts, and campaign tactics of that election.

Q: The majority of rural southern blacks worked as __________. A) foremen B) merchants C) carriage drivers D) unskilled laborers

Q: Poor living conditions and insufficient diets caused frequent outbreaks of __________ among slaves.A) dysenteryB) malariaC) small poxD) scurvy

Q: In northern states with small numbers of slaves, __________ helped to bring an end to slavery. A) immigration B) the Revolutionary War C) manufacturing D) religion

Q: How did domestic European conflicts affect the actions of individual countries with regard to American exploration and settlement?

Q: In the Iran-Contra affair, Oliver North __________. A) testified that President Reagan was solely to blame B) was innocent of any unconstitutional actions C) was completely honest in his testimony D) funneled illegal arms sales funds to Nicaraguan rebels

Q: The first woman named to a presidential cabinet post was Secretary of Labor __________. A) Molly Dewson B) Frances Perkins C) Mary McLeod Bethune D) Jane Addams

Q: What was the Omaha Platform? Examine its appeal to people who felt that industrialism was too dominant in the economic and social foundation of the United States.

Q: After the Civil War, many southern blacks __________. A) received job training through federal programs B) voted for Democrats in national elections C) migrated to southern cities D) objected to passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

Q: Which of the following contributed to a fivefold increase in the slave population between 1790 and 1860?A) significant increase in the number of slaves imported from AfricaB) an excess of slave births over slave deathsC) slave codes that forbid the murder of slaves by slaveholdersD) improved living conditions drastically reduced death by disease

Q: England established which African colony for ex-slaves? A) Liberia B) Zaire C) Sierra Leone D) Rwanda

Q: Which was a stronger force in New World colonization, economics or religion? Support your answer with specific examples.

Q: The Reagan Doctrine called for __________. A) an overall reduction in nuclear arms B) America to support anti-Marxist movements throughout the world C) cooperation with Gorbachev D) the support of global human rights to be the number one foreign policy priority

Q: Which statement about women during the Great Depression is true? A) New Deal relief programs improved the conditions for working women. B) Many NRA codes mandated lower wage scales for women. C) Women were not included in the NRA's minimum wage requirement. D) Women on relief were often allowed to do work traditionally reserved for men.

Q: Describe the primary goals of the Farmers' Alliance and evaluate the success of the Alliance in achieving its goals.

Q: Which of the following statements about sharecropping is true? A) Sharecroppers generally gave up 10 percent of their crop to landlords. B) It forced southern blacks to be more economically independent from whites. C) Landlords typically owned stores where tenant farmers had to shop. D) Only blacks were relegated to existence as sharecroppers.

Q: By 1860, nearly __________ million slaves lived in the South.A) twoB) fourC) fiveD) ten

Q: The Ladies' Association of Philadelphia was established to raise money for __________ for soldiers. A) guns B) food C) blankets D) shirts

Q: What role did religion play in the way Europeans treated Indians and slaves?

Q: Evidence of a renewed Cold War in the 1980s included which of the following? A) the American public's belief that the government had been infiltrated by communists B) the United States' placement of new cruise missiles in Asia C) the belief, expressed in National Security Directive D-13, that a nuclear war was winnable D) a significant decrease in the nuclear arms race

Q: In Chicago, on Memorial Day in 1937, __________. A) police fired on strikers and their families, killing 10 people B) Huey Long was assassinated as he gave a speech C) the Socialist Party nominated Norman Thomas for president D) FDR gave the most aggressive pro-labor speech of his career

Q: Describe and evaluate the reasons for the rapid rise and fall of the Populist Party. What strengths and weaknesses were exhibited by the party?

Q: Sharecropping __________. A) did not attract many former slaves B) led many blacks into increasing debt C) was outlawed by Congress in 1874 D) did not have the support of state governments in the South

Q: Which of the following hastened the decline of slavery in the Upper South? A) increased internal slave trade B) increased international slave trade C) decreased manufacturing base D) decreased emigration from Europe

Q: With so many men away at war, women experienced __________. A) large increases in education B) a dramatically lowered birth rate C) increased control over financial considerations D) a decrease in incidents of disease

Q: Which of the following English explorers demonstrated respect for the native populations of North America? A) Cabot B) Raleigh C) Gilbert D) Hariot

Q: President Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative __________. A) was defeated in the House of Representatives B) created an expensive defense plan based on super-lasers and satellites C) emphasized the use of traditional weapons rather nuclear arsenals D) was opposed by heads of the defense industry

Q: Militant laborers challenged traditional labor leaders by forming the __________. A) Congress of Industrial Organizations B) American Liberty League C) American Federation of Labor D) Knights of Labor

Q: What were the social and institutional factors that shaped the disorderly nature of elections in the late nineteenth century?

Q: General Sherman's Field Order No. 15 gave hope to blacks because it __________. A) set aside plots of southern land for distribution B) guaranteed all ex-slaves the right to a free education C) established voting rights for black males in the South D) indicated that segregation was unconstitutional

Q: Which of the following states experienced growth in the use of slaves during the 1850s? A) Delaware B) Virginia C) Arkansas D) Maryland

Q: How did foreign intervention turn the Revolutionary War into a virtual world war? A) British forces were engaged in fighting in the colonies, the West Indies, and in India. B) Many nations watched the war closely. C) Most large nations contributed to the war financially. D) Colonial forces drew paid soldiers from Russia, China, and Italy.

Q: What did Hakluyt consider "sincere religion"? A) Protestant Christianity B) Greek Orthodoxy C) Catholicism D) Gnosticism

Q: In 1982, nearly 1 million people turned out in New York for a rally __________. A) against the Vietnam War B) in support of American offensives in the Persian Gulf War C) against Richard Nixon's policy of dtente D) in support of a freeze on the development of nuclear weapons

Q: What happened when auto workers at GM's Flint, Michigan plant went on strike? A) They were attacked by the National Guard. B) They won their strike by using the unique tactic of the sit-down strike. C) They were removed from the Congress of Industrial Organizations. D) They obtained better wages and shorter workdays.

Q: What was the consequence for the Democratic Party following the elections of 1894 and 1896? A) The Democratic Party became much stronger through its alliance with the Populist Movement. B) The Democratic Party became a sectional minority party confined largely to the South. C) The Democratic Party expanded as it came to be seen as the party of prosperity. D) The Democratic Party weakened as it struggled to balance the interests of competing factions within the party.

Q: By the 1880s, the value of black-owned farms was __________ the value of white-owned farms. A) a third B) half C) two-thirds D) three-quarters

Q: __________ displaced slaves in most of the Border South. A) Free blacks B) Indentured servants C) Immigrant workers D) Former slaves

Q: What is the Battle of Monmouth Court House famous for? A) It was the first battle of the Revolution that used African American soldiers. B) It was the first Revolutionary War battle against Native Americans. C) It was the last major military engagement in the North during the Revolutionary War. D) It was the last battle of the Revolutionary War.

Q: Hakluyt argued that the Indians, once civilized, would be __________. A) good slaves B) good Christians C) powerful allies D) purchasers of English goods

Q: In the election of 1988, George H. W. Bush defeated __________. A) Walter Mondale B) Michael Dukakis C) Jimmy Carter D) George McGovern

Q: A significant shift in voting demographics occurred in the 1930s when __________. A) wealthy industrialists abandoned the Republican Party B) the lowest voter turnouts in American history occurred C) blacks shifted their loyalties from the Republicans to the Democrats D) the "Solid South" crumbled as the Republican Party increased its popularity

Q: The beginning of a stronger, more assertive presidency began with __________. A) Grover Cleveland B) Benjamin Harrison C) Theodore Roosevelt D) William McKinley

Q: In the early years of Reconstruction, the Freedmen's Bureau was successful at __________. A) permanently securing suffrage for black males B) stopping all violence committed against ex-slaves C) reducing black illiteracy by roughly 20 percent D) convincing southern whites to accept the Wade-Davis Bill

Q: Which of the following crops replaced tobacco in many parts of the Upper South? A) wheat B) rice C) sugar D) potatoes

Q: Why did Catherine the Great suggest that the European powers form a League of Armed Neutrality? A) to protect civilians B) to protect the environment C) to protect sea travel D) to protect trade

Q: Where did the English first establish plantations? A) Wales B) North Carolina C) Ireland D) Florida

Q: By the end of the 1980s, __________. A) women constituted nearly two-thirds of poor adults B) the percentage of women attending college decreased C) the average salary of men and women was virtually equal D) the Republican Party promoted the Equal Rights Amendment

Q: What was the purpose of the National Labor Relations Board? A) to establish and regulate a national minimum wage B) to protect the rights of workers to collectively bargain C) to establish national maximum working hours rules D) to facilitate the entry of women and minorities into the workforce

Q: Which party essentially dissolved as a result of the 1896 election? A) the Democratic Party B) the Republican Party C) the People's Party D) the Prohibition Party

Q: Which of the following statements about the Lost Cause is true? A) It prevented white southerners from moving on with their lives and concentrating on rebuilding their shattered region. B) It made southerners angrier towards blacks and more convinced that slavery was just. C) It demonized the Civil War conflict. D) It was a historical rationalization that enabled believers to hope for a better future.

Q: Which of the following slowed the development of manufacturing in the Upper South? A) Most southerners were involved in the profitable plantation culture. B) Production of cotton was highly profitable in the Upper South. C) Most southerners lacked the cash income to create sufficient demand for consumer goods. D) Federal subsidies to wealthy planters discouraged involvement in manufacturing.

Q: The American victory at Saratoga convinced the French __________. A) that the United States had a viable future B) that the colonies were doomed C) to fund the Revolutionary War D) to stay neutral

Q: Who wrote the Discourse on the Western Planting? A) Raleigh B) Hakluyt C) Gilbert D) Hawkins

Q: Aspects of the national economy in the 1980s included __________. A) the highest inflation rates ever recorded B) a widening of the gap between the rich and the poor C) the development of millions of new jobs D) increased participation in the stock market

Q: Which of the following states was part of the Dust Bowl? A) Nevada B) Illinois C) Texas D) California

Q: What nickname did the press give to the group formally known as the Commonweal of Christ? A) McKinley's Army B) Coxey's Brigade C) McKinley's Brigade D) Coxey's Army

Q: Many southerners refused to accept their defeat as divine judgment and believed that God had spared the South for a greater purpose; they came to view the war as __________. A) the Lost Cause B) a Necessary Evil C) a Time for Retribution D) a Time to Rebuild

Q: Why was marl used in the Upper South? A) to build an industrial base in the South B) to pay off debts owed on farm mortgages C) to resume an economy based on long-staple cotton D) to replenish the soil in the Upper South

Q: Why is the Continental Army's winter at Valley Forge famous? A) It was the first time the soldiers were able to rest in comfort. B) Thousands of soldiers died from cold, disease, and starvation. C) It was the site of an epic battle and victory against the British. D) George Washington was elected president there.

Q: A war between England and __________ delayed the dispatch of a relief ship for the Roanoke colony for three years. A) Ireland B) France C) Spain D) Germany

Q: Which statement about the American poor is true? A) The percentage of poor people had decreased in the period 1960"1973. B) In the 1980s, there was an increase in the number of Americans living in poverty. C) Homelessness was less visible in the 1980s and affected only a handful of Americans. D) Analysts began to refer to an underclass that was left out of the economic mainstream.

Q: The Social Security Act __________. A) originally provided free health care for retired citizens B) showed the inability of FDR to create a consensus between opposing interests C) was exactly like health and retirement plans in European nations D) established federal responsibility in providing social welfare

Q: Throughout the 1890s, Supreme Court decisions tended to __________. A) isolate reform groups from their supporters B) side with the demands of small farmers C) side with the demands of big business D) contradict the labor policies expressed by William McKinley

Q: Which of the following was an act that white southerners interpreted as northern interference? A) gun laws B) education for poor children of all races C) economic reforms D) assistance to southern blacks

Q: In the period 1800"1840, the Upper South experienced which of the following trends? A) large-scale migration from urban centers to rural areas B) soil exhaustion and wasteful farming techniques C) significant decrease in emigration to the western regions of the Lower South D) complete adaptation of the land to the wide-scale growth of cotton

Q: Who received the British surrender at the Battle of Saratoga? A) Washington B) Gates C) Jones D) Arnold

Q: Who was the first English child born in America? A) Elizabeth Free B) Carolina Free C) Anne Roanoke D) Virginia Dare

Q: "Yuppies" tended __________. A) not to reap the economic benefits of the 1980s B) to purchase items from upscale retailers C) not to emulate the upper class in their lifestyles D) to come from the lowest economic sectors

Q: The New Deal faced open dissent from __________. A) Protestant religious leaders B) women's rights organizations C) the Democratic Party D) the Communist Party

Q: How did Populists and Coxeyites differ from earlier reform groups? A) They directly appealed to the federal government for economic and social reforms. B) They intentionally limited their appeal to particular regions. C) They refused to get involved in the intricacies of electoral politics. D) They ignored the issue of women's suffrage.

Q: Following the Civil War, most southern whites saw African Americans as __________. A) adversaries B) foreigners C) neutral to their interests D) equals

Q: Which of the following people was a leader in the push for agricultural diversification in the Upper South? A) Edmund Ruffin B) James Hammond C) Albert Tidewater D) George Mason

Q: After what battle did General Burgoyne surrender to the Americans? A) the Battle of Princeton B) the Battle of Ticonderoga C) the Battle of Saratoga D) the Battle of Brandywine Creek

Q: Queen Elizabeth sent Frobisher in search of __________. A) gold B) trading partners C) the Northwest Passage D) cheap Indian labor

Q: Federal tax and spending policies of the 1980s made life more difficult for __________. A) wealthy corporations B) middle-class workers caught in industrial restructuring C) people seeking employment in Sunbelt cities D) the wealthiest members of American society

Q: A particularly harmful part of Father Charles Coughlin's criticism of the New Deal was __________. A) Coughlin's attacks on both major political parties B) Coughlin's claim that FDR was not using his presidential powers widely enough C) Coughlin's calls for a nationwide move toward socialism D) Coughlin's combined message of religion with anti-Semitism

Q: According to the Populists, who was most to blame for America's problems? A) communists and socialists who agitated workers and farmers B) common people who did not work hard enough at improving their economic status C) wealthy industrialists who dominated the nation's distribution of wealth D) politicians who were unresponsive to the needs of the working class