History

Q: There were three hereditary orders among the Celts of Gaul and of Ireland. What is the term used to identify the priests? a. Druides b. Equites c. Numena d. Plebs

Q: What was the origin of the Sibylline books consulted by Roman priests? a. Etruscan b. Greek c. Iranian d. Roman

Q: In the Roman conceptual system, Jupiter's most exalted title was _________. a. Jupiter Optimus b. Maximus Pater c. Optimus Maximus d. Pater Olympus

Q: How many days per year did the Roman state prescribe for ceremonies and sacrifices to the Roman deities? a. 44 b. 84 c. 104 d. 124

Q: Which of the following is NOT a deity to whom early Roman farmers turned when they desired success in farming? a. Ceres b. Consus c. Minerva d. Saturnus

Q: Where were the chief holy places of early Rome located? a. in a cluster in the heart of Rome b. in temples hidden in the countryside c. outside the territory of Rome d. throughout Rome

Q: Plato believed that the Greek gods were dependent in function on _________. a. a higher power b. fear of the rath of Zeus c. the immorality of humankind d. truth, beauty, and goodnesss

Q: To what did the tragic poets attribute all disasters and doom? a. human frailty b. immoral behavior by humans c. the cosmos d. the gods

Q: Why did Persephone have to make an annual visit to the underworld? a. she had eaten food while captive in the underworld b. she had married while captive in the underworld c. to retain her powers d. to purify herself in the fires

Q: How did Hesiod attempt to bring the gods ito some semblance of order? a. by acknowledging moira b. by combining the minor gods into one c. through theogony d. by using mysterium tremendium

Q: Where did Homer depict the gods living? a. at Delphi b. in the deep of the sea c. in the underworld d. on high Olympus

Q: As a result of his exploits at Delphi, _________ became the god of revelation. a. Apollo b. Aesculapius c. Dionysus d. Zeus

Q: Hera may have originally been _________. a. a cow goddess b. a fertitlity goddess c. the goddess of the lakes d. the goddess of wild things

Q: Which of the following was a duty of Zeus? a. to bring fish from the sea b. to bring rain c. to protect the earth d. to protect the hearth

Q: The Gilgamesh Epic tells of a _________ visited upon the earth by angry gods. a. earthquake b. famine c. flood d. plague

Q: The Sumerians believed that heaven and earth arose from _________. a. air b. the stars in the heavens c. the primordial sea d. the vast cosmos

Q: The rise of Babylon brought this Sumero-Akkadian to prominenece. a. Hammurabi b. Marduk c. Ninurta d. Nabu

Q: The Sumero-Akkadian pantheon numbered nearly a. 1000 b. 1200 c. 2000 d. 2200

Q: Which of the following is a prominent deity in the Sumero-Akkadian religion? a. Dionysus b. Hesiod c. Hunab Ku d. Ishtar

Q: It is believed that Mayan peasants worked on temple building during the times of the year when they were not________.

Q: Teutonic tradition comnes to us chiefly through two Icelandic works, the _________ and _________.

Q: The Romans attempted to suppress the Celts practice of __________.

Q: According to the Commentaries of Julius Caesar, the Celts mostly worshipped a god Caesar identifies as _________/

Q: During the last century of the Roman Republic Rome itself was a considered a deity as reflected in the term _________.

Q: _________ and __________ were the two Roman gods of war.

Q: In what four activities were early Romans primarily engaged? _________,__________,___________, and __________.

Q: Modern physicians look back on _________, a 4th B.C.E. priest of Asclepius, as a model of dedication to healing.

Q: The origin of the god Zeus was _________.

Q: When Ishtar returned after descending to the land of the dead, she returned with _________.

Q: Henri Frankfort suggested that _________ is/are distinguishable from legend, saga, fable, and fairy tale. a. magic b. religion c. spirit stories d. true myth

Q: The Cherokee believed that eating the new corn without first completing the proper rites would result in what illness or problem? a. dementia b. intestinal worms c. loss of fertility d. rheumatism

Q: In the Cherokee conceptual system, why would a man attempting to win the affections of a potential lover appeal to the moon? a. The moon was considered to be male. b. The moon was thought to influence women. c. The moon was thought to help with lost causes. d. The moon would cast a romantic light on the man.

Q: In the Cherokee conceptual system, animals are subdivided into various groups. Which of the following is NOT one of those groups? a. four footed animals b. hoofed animals c. those that fly d. verminous animals

Q: The Cherokee stories begin with stories having this theme. a. categories of living things b. creation of the world c. kinship with living things d. shaping of the world

Q: The use of a chisel-shaped piece of wood to knock out a Dieri boy's two front teeth was part of what ritual? a. burial ritual b. cleansing ritual c. marriage rite d. puberty rite

Q: It was believed that the Dieri medicane man could surreptiously abstract an individual's _________ to be used as a magical infusion. a. blood b. body fat c. bone marrow d. breath

Q: Among the Dieri, __________ plays a powerful role in establishing lines of relatedness crossing and crisscrossing the tribal barriers. a. fetishism b. murduism c. kutchism d. totemism

Q: The Pantheon of the Neolithic Age reflects a society dominated by the _________. a. female b. male c. mother d. mystical

Q: Which of the following developments did not occur during the Neolithic Age? a. active tilling of the soil b. advances in the art of pottery c. domestication of animals d. use of fish hooks and nets to catch fish

Q: During the Middle Stone Age the power of new inventions is shown by the use of axes and spears as _________? a. currency b. fetishes c. taboos d. weapons

Q: What do the relics of the Middle Stone Age suggest? a. a shift to patriarchy b. an awe of nature c. ritualistic cannibalism d. the shift from village to nomadic life

Q: The Cro-Magnon burial sites were quite similar to the burial sites of _________. a. BaVenda b. Dieri c. mesolithic nomadic hunters d. Neaderthals

Q: Studies of the Neanderthal found that not all bodies were buried intact and some long bones were split open to the marrow. What does this suggest? a. Bodies were dismembered and buried in more than one grave. b. Bodies were dug up and eaten by wild animals. c. Certain body parts were kept and used in ancestor worship. d. Human cadavers were a source of food.

Q: To the BaVenda, any thunderous noise was thought to be whose voice? a. Muloi b. Mungoma c. Ngana d. Raluvhimba

Q: The BaVenda believed in a monothesitic diety associated with the _________. a. creation of the world b. power of the shaman c. preservation of the soul d. rise of the sun each day

Q: The BaVenda believed that the soul was a combination of ________ and _________. a. breath, shadow b. light, dark c. male, female d. sun, moon

Q: In the Dieri culture, the __________ are the highly regarded spirits of the legendary heroes. a. kutchi b. medicine men c. Mura-muras d. pinya

Q: In what way are myths a necessity in primal cultures? a. They allow individuals to develop an identity outside the group. b. They are vital for the maintenance of the patterns of group life. c. They provide a factual record of the daily life of a tribe. d. They provide instructions for hunting.

Q: Which of the following was not a source of food during the Middle Stone Age? a. berries b. fish c. grains d. kiln baked bread

Q: In what way did the Cro-Magnons make use of the horse? a. as food b. as a pack animal c. as transportation d. to show wealth

Q: Which of the following statements correctly characterizes the relationship of the Neanderthals to the species Homo sapiens? a. Homo sapiens was a separate species that replaced the Neanderthals. b. The Neanderthals blended into the species Homo sapiens. c. The Neanderthals were a separate species that replaced Homo sapiens. d. The Neanderthals were Homo sapiens.

Q: What animal did the Neanderthals revere? a. the cave bear b. the domesticated dog c. the eagle d. the mammoth

Q: How did the myth of the Mother Goddess change during the Neolithic Age? a. expanded to include birthing b. expanded to include protection of vegetation c. expanded to include regeneration d. expanded to include protection of animals

Q: Which of the following would be found in a Neanderthal grave? a. copper tools b. food offerings c. medicines d. written records

Q: The BaVenda believed that all deaths, except those of very old people, were due to _________.

Q: The two Dieri murdus are _________ and __________.

Q: Two possible motives for engaging in purification rituals are _________ and _________.

Q: An amulet worn to ward off evil is an example of a _________.

Q: A "rite of passage" is an example of a ritual that is _________ in character.

Q: A mural in the cavern of Les Trois shows a masked man, with a long beard and human feet, who is arrayed in reindeer antlers, the ears of a stag, the paw of a bear, and the tail of a horse. This figure most likely represents the __________.

Q: According to the Cherokee conceptual system, _________ upset the harmony among living things.

Q: __________ refers to an endeavor to control or bend the powers of the world to one's will.

Q: Upper Paleolithic burial customs included covering the bones of the deceased in red ochre. The red ochre may have symbolized the _________.

Q: In the context of religion, _________refers to religion in an original state.

Q: Why did some working-class women oppose the Equal Rights Amendment? a. They worried about losing the protections of state laws designed to help women. b. They worried that their bosses would fire them if they openly supported it. c. They thought it helped middle-class women but ignored working-class women. d. They feared that it would lead to the drafting of women into the military. e. They mistrusted the National Organization for Women, which sponsored it.

Q: How did the Great Depression affect Americans psychologically? a. The loss of savings and employment led many Americans to abandon their faith in traditional forms of religion. b. Unemployment and poverty undermined people's sense of self-worth and caused many to despair. c. Most men either committed suicide or abandoned their families because they were so devastated that they could not provide for them. d. Middle- and upper-class people had more emotional resources and fared better than poor people. e. Hunger and poverty made Americans unable to think properly and make good decisions, leading to divorce and crime.

Q: By 1900, China __________. a. had succeeded in resisting European influence b. was divided by civil war c. had become vulnerable to European imperialism d. had closed the door to the outside world e. welcomed U.S. intervention

Q: The Reconstruction Acts __________. a. gave freedmen the power to protect themselves b. enhanced the power of state governments to protect the freedmen c. were supported only by Radical Republicans d. allowed southern states readmittance on the basis of the number of freedmen who could vote e. were actually a retreat from true radicalism

Q: Planters who owned large plantation houses with at least 50 slaves made up __________ percent of the white population in the South in 1860. a. less than 1 b. more than 10 c. about 20 d. nearly 30 e. more than 50

Q: Even before achieving statehood, __________ prohibited slavery in its constitution. a. Connecticut b. New Jersey c. Massachusetts d. Pennsylvania e. Vermont

Q: How did the American family unit change after 1970? a. The divorce rate sharply increased. b. The birthrate steadily declined. c. The number of births to women over age 30 increased. d. The number of single-parent households was cut in half. e. Most fathers started staying home to raise children while the mothers went to work.

Q: How did the consumer goods revolution contribute to the great crash of 1929? a. Because of the availability of durable goods that did not need to be regularly replaced, production outpaced demand, which led to wide-scale layoffs. b. Mass produced consumer goods were of such poor quality that people eventually stopped purchasing them and industry began to falter. c. The consumer goods revolution contributed to a lack of confidence in the strength of the American economic system. d. The consumer goods revolution led to an increase in home construction that eventually crashed due to overproduction. e. Beneficiaries of the consumer goods revolution did not invest their money in the stock exchange.

Q: Under the terms of the Taft Commission, the United States __________. a. would control the Philippines in perpetuity b. gave the Filipinos complete independence c. provided funds but did not interfere with local government in the Philippines d. gave the army complete control of the Philippines e. guaranteed future independence for the Philippines

Q: The South's refusal to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment __________. a. caused northern public opinion to question the Radicals' demands b. forced the Republicans to abolish the existing southern governments and give the vote to African Americans c. led to a general land reform of the South d. caused a thorough restructuring of southern society e. brought the Redeemers to power

Q: At the time of the Civil War, __________. a. almost all southerners owned at least one slave b. most white southerners owned three or more slaves c. there were few slaves in the fields, but most white households had a house slave d. one-quarter of white southerners owned slaves e. one-half of white southerners owned slaves

Q: The leading African American scientist and mathematician in early America was __________. a. John Woolman b. Richard Allen c. Benjamin Banneker d. Sojourner Truth e. Phillis Wheatley

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