Q&A Hero

Q: By selling movies as online downloads or by allowing viewers to rent them as streaming video, production companies reduced the cost of making DVD discs.

Q: Filmmaking is a long process that from beginning to end requires A. constant decision making. B. perfectly secure funding. C. elaborate international marketing. D. comprehensive distribution.

Q: Amos Poe and Maya Deren are A. heads of the two biggest American distribution firms. B. pioneers of digital animation. C. experimental filmmakers who have used small-scale production. D. prominent Hollywood directors who switched to independent filmmaking.

Q: "Style" refers to a film's use of various cinematic techniques. B. the overall sound identity of a film. C. costuming in a film. D. the type of language used in a film.

Q: An "optical sound track" A. encodes information on magnetic tape. B. is not part of the film strip. C. is a collection of visual images related to the music of a film. D. encodes information in the form of patches of light and dark.

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of a "special version" of a film? A. A director's cut B. An extended version C. A theatrical version D. An airline version

Q: When small-scale production becomes "collective" production, A. several film workers participate equally and may rotate roles. B. several different films are created simultaneously. C. a single person takes charge of an entire group of film workers. D. a clear hierarchy of responsibility is necessary for the operation to be completed.

Q: A film that assembles existing images or archival footage, such as newsreel footage or television footage, is called A. a documentary. B. an animated film. C. a fiction film. D. a compilation film.

Q: The six major Hollywood distributors account for what portion of theater ticket sales in the United States? A. 25 percent B. 45 percent C. 75 percent D. 95 percent

Q: What is the term for the total box office receipts generated by a film? A. Net B. Income Gross D. Revenue

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of a "tentpole" film? A. The Dark Knight B. Selma C. Matrix: Revolutions D. The Hunger Games

Q: How did The Blair Witch Project affect film distribution? A. It led distributors to use websites to help market their films. B. It compelled distributors to spend more money marketing their films. C. It decreased distributors' interest in independent films. D. It discouraged distributors from using social-networking Internet sites.

Q: Manufacturing companies that buy the rights to use a film's characters, title, or images on their products are engaging in A. brand partnering. B. consumer targeting. merchandising. D. cross-promoting.

Q: Which of the following is an example of a "nontheatrical exhibition"? A. A film festival B. An Internet download to a personal computer C. A screening at a commercial movie house D. A screening at a museum

Q: After commercial movie houses, the most important theatrical venue is A. film clubs at universities. B. government archives. C. cultural museums. D. film festivals.

Q: When did supplements become part of the filmmaking process? A. When filmmaking began B. During the golden age of Hollywood C. After the beginning of the DVD age D. In the 1970s

Q: A "slate" (also called a "clapboard") is A. a tool for creating sound effects in postproduction. B. a sign held in front of the lens to record information about a particular take. C. a large chart listing the personnel due to work on a film on any given day. D. a device used to signal extras in large crowd scenes.

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the modes of production? A. Small-scale B. Conglomerate C. Independent D. Large-scale studio

Q: A "work print" is A. the final copy exhibited in theaters. the unedited footage printed from the camera negative (mostly unused for editing now). C. the unedited digital copies of dailies transferred to a hard drive for historical archives. D. the takes viewed by the director after each day of shooting.

Q: "Critical flicker fusion" is A. the final stage in the manufacture of raw film stock. B. the flashing of film frames on a screen quickly enough to create an illusion of movement. C. the ideal length of time each frame should be exposed during filming. D. the moment when the exposed image appears on the film during the developing process.

Q: The process of previsualization (also called "previs") A. uses computers to rework storyboards into three-dimensional animation. B. creates comic-strip-like sketches on poster board of the shots in each scene. C. is completed by the screenwriter as part of a "treatment" when pitching a film. D. is the creation of trailers and movie image stills for the advertising campaign.

Q: "Gauge" refers to what quality of the film strip? A. Its durability B. Its thickness C. Its total running time D. Its width

Q: A preliminary synopsis of a film's action is called a A. blueprint. B. brief. treatment. D. try-out.

Q: Which of these is NOT a standard width for film strips? A. 16mm B. 24mm C. 35mm D. 70mm

Q: A "master shot" is A. a shot considered good enough for inclusion in a film. B. a preliminary test of whether the camera is working. C. a single take of all the action of a scene. D. a close view of the film's star.

Q: During shooting, separate shots are made "out of continuity," which means that they are created A. in the exact order in which they will appear in the film. B. in a random order. C. in the order that is most convenient for production. D. in reverse order.

Q: Ancillary markets are A. small, low-profit areas where exhibitors have low priority for first-run films. B. foreign markets. C. art-film theaters. D. film markets other than theatrical exhibition.

Q: The "aspect ratio" of a film refers to A. the profits of a film in proportion to its costs. B. the percentage of shots that are made on location. C. the relationship of the width to the height of its images. D. the proportion of the total amount of footage shot to the amount used in the final cut.

Q: The "rental" is A. the share of the theatrical film gross that goes to the theater that exhibited it. B. the share of the theatrical film gross that goes to the distributor. C. a fee charged by the film producer and studio for licensing to DVD production and video rental outlets. D. the total gross of the film achieved after the theatrical run and after Netflix has purchased the rights.

Q: To maximize income from consumers, distributors time their tentpole theatrical releases according to A. popularity of current cable programming. B. the availability of the director to make public appearances. C. the interests of specific regional markets. D. the release schedule of competing films--so as to avoid head-to-head conflict.

Q: Glenn Murcutt's buildings in and around Sydney, Australia, have forms that largely respond to: A) sustainable design. B) economical design. C) structurally efficient design. D) traditional Australian buildings. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Discuss the evolution of the architectural work of Alvar Aalto.

Q: Discuss the attributes of Louis I. Kahn as an architect whose work was unique in the twentieth century.

Q: Discuss the characteristics of Post-Modernism.

Q: Discuss the work of Frank Gehry in the context of architectural sculpture.

Q: Describe the influence of Modernism on Japanese architecture through the works of Kenzo Tange, Tadao Ando, and Fumihiko Maki.

Q: Discuss the features of "sustainable architecture" using the work of Glenn Murcutt.

Q: The early works of Mack Scogin and Merrill Elam can be found in and around: A) Boston, Massachusetts. B) Hale County, Alabama. C) Atlanta, Georgia. D) Charlotte, North Carolina. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The winner of the competition held to replace the World Trade Center towers was: A) Steven Holl. B) Daniel Libeskind. C) Phillip Johnson. D) Rem Koolhaas. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Jean Nouvel's Torre Agbar in Barcelona is meant to be: A) a critique of the American skyscraper. B) a condemnation of Gaudi's Sagrada Familia. C) a representation of violence through its bullet shape. D) an architectural study of monochromism. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: An architect with a specialty in building bridges, especially those with masts for suspension cables, is: A) Jean Nouvel. B) Daniel Libeskind. C) Santiago Calatrava. D) Jacques Herzog. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: A principal architectural feature of the Pompidou Center in Paris is that the: A) walls of this building are made of automobile windshields. B) dragonlike apperception of this building is created by steel-reinforced-concrete walls and a roof supported by steel cables. C) innards of the building are allowed to become the principal architectural expression. D) side-by-side gable roofs are supported by a thin steel frame. E) material used for building is quilted aluminum with panels arranged in a grid and with sections strategically folded.

Q: At the center of James Stirling's Staatsgalerie in Stuttgart, Germany, there is a(n): A) steel-framed rotunda with translucent "vaults." B) concrete rotunda with a glass dome. C) open-air stone rotunda with an internal ramp. D) tiered glass tower. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: An architect who did nautical design, resulting in the superstructures of the sister ships Crown Princess (1989) and Regal Princess (1991), is: A) Richard Rogers. B) Renzo Piano. C) Santiago Calatrava. D) James Stirling. E) Jean Nouvel.

Q: Norman Foster's Reichstag rotunda is entirely enclosed in: A) titanium. B) marble veneer from Carrara. C) glass. D) aluminum. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: All of the following architects designed buildings in the classical tradition EXCEPT: A) Peter Eisenman. B) Allan Greenberg. C) Lon Krier. D) Aldo Rossi. E) All of the answers are correct.

Q: Samuel Mockbee produced his unusual work through something called the: A) Atelier Rustica. B) Rural Studio. C) Hale County Register. D) Bauhaus South. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The particular challenge confronting Japanese architects after World War II was how to: A) build traditional structures using modern materials. B) synthesize traditional Japanese values and principles with modern political, economic, and technological realities. C) build modern structures using traditional wood building techniques. D) move beyond traditional Japanese values using architecture as a catalyst. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: All of the following are features of Maya Lin's design for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial EXCEPT: A) using the Lincoln Memorial as a backdrop. B) a walkway carved into the earth. C) a granite-veneer wall with names. D) a bronze sculpture of heroic soldiers. E) All of the answers are correct.

Q: At the Church of Cristo Obrero in Atlntida near Montevideo, Uruguay, Eladio Dieste used: A) a geodesic dome on the roof. B) local brick and hollow clay tiles. C) titanium columns. D) reinforced-concrete walls. E) a roof supported by steel cables.

Q: A feature of Richard Meier's High Museum in Atlanta, Georgia, is: A) the presence of a glass dome above the atrium. B) the liberal use of stucco. C) the dominant circulation path around the circumference of a quarter-cylinder glass-enclosed atrium. D) the curving gables, spiky towers, and richly textured faades. E) the innards of the building were allowed to become the principal architectural expression.

Q: Steven Holl has proven to be particularly adept at: A) sustainable design. B) manipulating natural light. C) exposing the inner working of his buildings on the outside. D) quoting ironically from the forms of traditional architecture. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: At the Neurosciences Institute in La Jolla, California, Tod Williams and Billie Tsien paid homage to the nearby: A) Disney Concert Hall by Frank Gehry. B) Diamond Ranch School by Morphosis. C) Salk Institute by Louis I. Kahn. D) Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels by Rafael Moneo. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The form of Eero Saarinen's Trans World Airlines (TWA) Terminal at Kennedy Airport was made possible by the use of: A) geodesic principles. B) Corten steel. C) advanced curtain-wall construction. D) poured-in-place concrete. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: At the University of Pennsylvania, Louis I. Kahn received an architectural education based on the methods of the: A) Bauhaus. B) Ecole des Beaux-Arts. C) German Polytechnic Institutes. D) Philadelphia School. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Robert Venturi's Post-Modern architectural publication is titled: A) After the International Style. B) Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture. C) The Language of Post-Modern Architecture. D) From Bauhaus to Our House. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The work of Charles Moore brought to Post-Modernism: A) environmental conservation. B) a gentle but studied playfulness. C) mathematical rigor. D) local influence. E) a highly erudite and complex style.

Q: All of the following are projects by Zaha Hadid EXCEPT the: A) Bergisel Ski-jump in Innsbruck. B) Vitra Fire Station in Weil am Rhein. C) Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Arts in Cincinnati. D) Parc de la Villette in Paris. E) All of the answers are correct.

Q: Frank Gehry made the exterior walls of his Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Spain from: A) porcelain. B) bookmatched marble. C) copper. D) titanium. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas first established himself as a thinker about urbanism with his book titled: A) Paris in the Spring. B) Delirious New York. C) Learning from Las Vegas. D) Silent Spring. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: All of the following were late projects of Le Corbusier EXCEPT: A) the Unit d'Habitation in Marseille. B) Notre-Dame-du-Haut in Ronchamp. C) Ste. Marie-de-la-Tourette in Eveux-sur-l'Arbresle. D) Chandigarh in Punjab. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Discuss the architectural features of Adolf Loos's houses in terms of the Raumplan.

Q: Discuss the architectural features that Frank Lloyd Wright used in the development of Prairie houses and their significance.

Q: Compare the architectural features of Peter Behrens's AEG Turbine Factory with those of Walter Gropius's Fagus Factory.

Q: Explain how the Art Deco differed from European Modernism.

Q: Discuss the spatial investigations of the De Stijl Movement.

Q: Discuss the architectural features of the Villa Savoye in the context of Le Corbusier's "Five Points Toward a New Architecture."

Q: Auguste Perret was a pioneer in: A) the design of modern bridges. B) the investigations of De Stijl planarity. C) the development of Art Deco ornamentation. D) the use of steel-reinforced concrete. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Compare Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater with International Style work such as that seen at the Weissenhof Siedlung in Stuttgart.

Q: Le Corbusier's Dom-ino House involved: A) a series of bearing walls. B) floor slabs and regularly spaced piers for vertical support. C) long cantilevers made possible by steel-reinforced concrete. D) planar compositions inspired by the De Stijl Movement. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: All of the following are Alvar Aalto designs EXCEPT: A) Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Paimio. B) Baker House, MIT Campus, Cambridge. C) Municipal Library, Viipuri. D) Town Hall, Syntsalo. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The central feature in Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye is a: A) lightwell. B) concrete hearth and chimney. C) ramp that links all levels in the building. D) monumental staircase. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Modernist features of Walter Gropius's Fagus Factory include all of the following EXCEPT: A) a flat roof. B) corners left free of solid masonry. C) a free plan. D) glass curtain walls. E) All of the answers are correct.

Q: The Bauhaus teaching facilities were, at one time or another, located in each of the following cities EXCEPT: A) Berlin. B) Stuttgart. C) Weimar. D) Dessau. E) All of the answers are correct.

Q: All of the following were features of Mies van der Rohe's Barcelona Pavilion EXCEPT: A) marble veneer wall partitions. B) a dancing-girl sculpture. C) stainless steel columns. D) polished concrete floors. E) All of the answers are correct.

Q: All of the following architects designed buildings for the 1927 Weissenhof Siedlung EXCEPT: A) Le Corbusier. B) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. C) J.J.P. Oud. D) Walter Gropius. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Building was designed by: A) Edward Durrell Stone. B) Phillip Johnson. C) George Howe and William Lescaze. D) Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Frank Lloyd Wright's house called Fallingwater was built: A) atop a waterfall. B) to include the view of a waterfall. C) at the base of a waterfall. D) between two waterfalls. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: The Soviet Pavilion at the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Dcoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris was designed by: A) Viktor Vesnin. B) Vladimir Tatlin. C) Konstantin Melnikov. D) Alexandr Tatlin. E) None of the answers is correct.

Q: Hendrik Petrus Berlage is best known for his: A) Eigen Haard housing. B) Amsterdam Stock Exchange. C) DeDageraad Housing. D) Amsterdam City Hall. E) All of the answers are correct.