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Q:
The Pantheon in ancient Rome is covered by a:
A) coffered dome.
B) coffered groin vault.
C) wood truss with false coffering.
D) series of coffered barrel vaults.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Pantheon in ancient Rome was constructed during the reign of the emperor:
A) Nero.
B) Hadrian.
C) Augustus.
D) Caracalla.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The main north-south and the east-west streets in a Roman castra are called the:
A) cardo and the decumanus, respectively.
B) foro and the saturnalia, respectively.
C) etrusco and the romanus, respectively.
D) caesaro and the imperius, respectively.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
An atrium is:
A) an inner court.
B) a type of mosaic floor.
C) a dining room.
D) the Roman equivalent of the Greek cella.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, commonly known as Vitruvius, wrote:
A) a biography of Julius Caesar.
B) a history of ancient Rome.
C) The Ten Books of Architecture.
D) The Architecture of the Roman Republic.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The upper portion of the Sanctuary of Fortuna at Palestrina was strongly influenced by:
A) Roman Imperial work.
B) Etruscan work.
C) Egyptian work.
D) Hellenistic Greek practices.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Japan has an unusually rich array of wooden folk houses called:
A) kodo.
B) katsuogi.
C) donjon.
D) tatami.
E) minka.
Q:
Woven Japanese floor mats made of rice straw are called:
A) titmice.
B) tammani.
C) osaki.
D) tatami.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The central core of Egret's Castle is the:
A) donjon.
B) summer palace.
C) log fort.
D) imperial villa.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The essence of Zen Buddhism is:
A) enlightenment achieved through meditation.
B) reverence for picturesque landscape.
C) ancestor worship.
D) a concern for family values.
E) ancestor worship and a concern for family values.
Q:
At the Imperial Villa in Kyoto, the distinction between interior and exterior space is:
A) emphasized by strategically located gardens.
B) made obvious by color coding.
C) made enigmatic by the repetition of materials.
D) blurred through the use of moveable partitions.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Katsura Imperial Villa in Kyoto provides a splendid example of a country retreat built in the Shoin style that:
A) was based on elements different from older mansions of the nobility.
B) was based on elements from the Chinese Forbidden City.
C) embodied concepts from the Khmer tradition.
D) embodied concepts from the Zen tradition.
E) was based on elements from Greek architecture.
Q:
In Japanese houses, treasured objects are displayed using tokonoma, which refers to:
A) a gnarled piece of driftwood.
B) an alcove in the vestibule.
C) a delineated pool of water.
D) a concave mirror.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The plan of the Katsura Imperial Villa is best described as:
A) compact.
B) concentric.
C) linear.
D) pinwheel-like.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Discuss Chinese architectural principles as laid out in the Yingzao-fashi.
Q:
Discuss Chinese city-planning principles as exemplified by the Forbidden City of Beijing.
Q:
Which of the following is true of a typical Beijing house in the fifteenth century?
A) Entrance gates lacked any family crests and colorful decoration.
B) The walls in front of a house facing the street were low.
C) The construction restricted any subdivision of interior spaces.
D) Broad overhanging eaves sheltered verandas that limited internal space to the interior.
E) The entrance from the street was off axis.
Q:
Discuss the planning of the Ise Shrine and the precedents for its forms and elements.
Q:
Chinese residential construction using brick or adobe made possible:
A) low-relief sculpture on exterior walls.
B) underfloor flues to provide heat.
C) fortified masonry walls.
D) protected rooms such as ancient Greek cellas.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Compare and contrast Chinese and Japanese house types.
Q:
A distinctive feature of tulou houses in Hajing county is their:
A) hexagonal shape.
B) oval shape.
C) diamond shape.
D) circular shape.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
In eighteenth-century China, picturesque gardens were planned using:
A) Daoist principals.
B) multiple, intersecting axes.
C) Taihu principles.
D) rigid angular geometries.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Ise Shrine is distinctive for being:
A) the oldest Shinto shrine in Japan.
B) a replica based on a recently discovered codex.
C) rebuilt every twenty years.
D) the earliest example of concrete construction in Japan.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Ise Shrine roofs include katsuogi, which are:
A) bundles of thatch.
B) tapered wooden logs.
C) cross-gable end rafters.
D) acroteria-like crowning wood sculptures.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Daoist title I Ching translates to:
A) Book of Changes.
B) First Book.
C) Book of Things Chinese.
D) Book of Personal Insight.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Buddhist temple complexes were built with a hall for venerating images of the Buddha and a separate ________, or tower, erected over relics symbolic of the Buddha's presence.
A) pagoda
B) jian
C) katsuogi
D) minka
E) tatami
Q:
The Chinese modular unit is called the:
A) feng shui.
B) yin.
C) jian.
D) yang.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Pagoda bracket sets are:
A) symmetrical supports positioned like book-ends.
B) interlocking supports.
C) bases for finials.
D) used to support a roof overhang.
E) interlocking supports that both allow a roof to overhang.
Q:
Of the following, the one that was NOT a Qing painting style was:
A) hexi.
B) zuzian.
C) xuanzi.
D) Suzhou.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Feng shui involves adjusting a building to:
A) particular features of a site and its microclimate.
B) local building materials.
C) local building regulations.
D) particular local customs.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The Kao Gong Ji is a:
A) philosophy of life.
B) palette of colors.
C) system of bracket sets.
D) treatise on city planning.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the Imperial and Forbidden cities of Beijing?
A) The Outer City and the Inner City were located in between the Imperial and Forbidden cities.
B) One could see the entire route to the city center from all points of the Imperial City.
C) At the heart of the Forbidden City was the Hall of the Sacred Mother.
D) The plan of the Imperial and Forbidden cities was interpreted as a supreme expression of Buddhist teachings.
E) An alternating sequence of gates and courts led to the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City.
Q:
The fence around a stupa is called a:
A) nirvana.
B) chaitya.
C) verdica.
D) veronica.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The schematic plan for an ancient Chinese city typically incorporated:
A) a river for providing drinking water.
B) a grid that divided the city into blocks.
C) a pyramidal shrine in the center.
D) a sacred mountain at the edge of the city.
E) a cluster of markets in the city center.
Q:
The Hindu temple:
A) is organized around the garbhagriha.
B) is aligned on the cardinal points, representing the four corners of the earth.
C) symbolizes the sacred mountain.
D) includes a central vertical axis.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
In Beijing's Forbidden City, the emperor received visitors in the:
A) Imperial Garden.
B) Hall of Supreme Harmony.
C) Hall of Mental Cultivation.
D) State Meeting Hall.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Sculpted images at Hindu temples depicting sexual intercourse:
A) represent Tantric practices.
B) are vestiges of paganism.
C) symbolize the union of the human and the divine.
D) were forbidden by the tenth century.
E) represent Tantric practices and symbolize the union of the human and the divine.
Q:
Which of the following is true about most Hindu temples?
A) They have a major entrance that faces north.
B) They include forms that are symbolic of the sacred cave and the cosmic axis.
C) They have a large enclosed space for congregational worship.
D) They are encircled by a two-tiered ambulatory.
E) They have a bent-axis entry design that creates a swastika.
Q:
Compare the design and organization of the Brihadeshvara Temple at Tanjore to that of the temple of Angkor Wat in Cambodia.
Q:
Discuss the influence of Buddhist traditions on the architecture of early Hindu temples.
Q:
Discuss the parts and organization of the stupa in Buddhist shrines, and explain how it was used for Buddhist religious practices.
Q:
Chinese religious traditions were based on animism, which refers to:
A) sacred animated movements.
B) a reverence for natural features such as trees, rocks, and hills.
C) the worship of sacred animals.
D) a reverence for all living things.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
A ratha is a:
A) type of mandala.
B) wheeled cart or chariot.
C) stone roof made to resemble thatch.
D) type of barrel vault.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Brihadeshvara Temple complex at Tanjore includes:
A) a great hall.
B) an entrance gateway, or gopura.
C) a main shrine, or garbhagriha.
D) a shrine of Chandeshvara.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The architecture of Angkor Wat is a fusion of:
A) Indian and Vietnamese traditions.
B) Indian religion and Khmer traditions.
C) Vietnamese and Khmer traditions.
D) Indian and Malaysian traditions.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Vedas contain:
A) the ten commandments of Hinduism.
B) hymns and prescriptions for rituals.
C) instructions for building a stupa.
D) instructions for laying out a Hindu city.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The origins of the stupa can be traced to:
A) symbolism of male and female genitalia.
B) Alexander the Great.
C) the desire to reach nirvana.
D) a simple mound of rubble and earth that was erected over relics.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The practice of circumambulation involved walking:
A) to a ring of pilgrimage sites.
B) around the bodhi tree.
C) in circles of ever-diminishing sizes.
D) around the village altar.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Chaityas are:
A) tree-like sculptures.
B) monasteries.
C) village memorials.
D) mounds of earth.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The bodhi tree is given significance in the Buddhist religion because:
A) its wood is used to build altars.
B) Buddha achieved enlightenment sitting under it.
C) Buddha used its branches to build his first altar.
D) Buddha was buried under one.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The Great Stupa at Sanchi includes a:
A) torana.
B) chatra.
C) harmica.
D) verdica.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Viharas were small Buddhist:
A) temples.
B) monasteries.
C) schools.
D) cemeteries.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The great cave temple at Karli:
A) was carved out of living rock.
B) contains a stupa at the end of an axis.
C) includes a nave and side aisles.
D) is entered through a vestibule with paired columns.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
The colossal Buddha at Bamiyan was:
A) stolen by the Persians.
B) destroyed by the Taliban.
C) moved to higher ground when the Aswan dam was built.
D) lost during the Nazi takeover in the 1930s.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Most Hindu temple designs include forms that are symbolic of the:
A) mandala.
B) garbhagriha.
C) bodhi tree.
D) holy mountain.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Vishnu Temple at Bhitargaon is unusual for incorporating:
A) corbeled construction.
B) true-arch construction.
C) post-and-beam construction.
D) cyclopean stone construction.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneshwar?
A) The plan of the temple is an elaboration of the two-celled form.
B) The plan of the temple is similar to that of Buddhist shrines.
C) It is raised on a rectangular platform anchored by four small shrines at the corners.
D) Its domed top is cut from a single piece of granite in a form that resembles a Buddhist stupa.
E) It is one of the largest religious structures ever built.
Q:
In Southern India, Hindu temples featured:
A) walls with engaged columns or pilasters.
B) roofs with rounded finials.
C) massive gateway entrances.
D) multi-columned halls.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Typical of carved human figures at the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho is:
A) an emphatic frontality.
B) the use of chiaroscuro.
C) the use of contrapposto.
D) a swaying S-shaped posture.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Dharmaraja Ratha, Bhima Ratha, and Arjuna Ratha at Mahabalipuram are:
A) significantly influenced by the architecture of Buddhist shrines.
B) assembled from basalt blocks.
C) carved into the side of a mountain.
D) surrounded by concentric galleries and built on a pyramid base.
E) monolithic temples and cut from granite outcroppings.
Q:
Buildings in the Athenian Agora and on the Athenian Acropolis were arranged to be viewed by groups passing through the Agora and entering into the Acropolis. Citing specific architectural experiences, discuss this movement sequence.
Q:
With reference to both politics and architecture, discuss the change from the Hellenic to Hellenistic periods in ancient Greece.
Q:
The Mycenaean and Minoan civilizations preceded that of ancient Greece. Compare the two on the basis of their cultural characteristics and their architecture and planning.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the ancient architecture in India and Southeast Asia?
A) There were very few structures erected for religious purposes.
B) Palaces were constructed of the most durable materials available.
C) There were influences of oriental cultures.
D) Houses were constructed of durable materials, such as stone and brick.
E) Temples were the primary buildings erected in durable materials.
Q:
The city of Mohenjo-Daro dates back to the:
A) fourth century BCE.
B) third century BCE.
C) first century BCE.
D) second century BCE.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the bouleuterion in the Athenian Agora?
A) It was built on a nearly square plan to accommodate the 500 senators who comprised the elected government of Athens.
B) It was a massive shrine dedicated to Zeus.
C) It was built on the top of the Agora Hill.
D) It was a small rectangular building with a colonnade and was built for the city's chief religious magistrate.
E) It was a temple dedicated to Hephaestus and Athena.
Q:
The linga and yoni consist of:
A) an upright stone with a concentric circle base.
B) concentric circles with trilithons.
C) an upright stone and a sacrificial pit.
D) a sacrificial pit and a trilithon.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Which of the following is true about the tholos at the Sanctuary of Asklepios?
A) Its entrance had a large pylon with floral decorations.
B) Its ceiling had ornate coffers with floral decorations.
C) Its external colonnade was composed of ten Ionic columns.
D) Its internal colonnade was composed of twenty Ionic columns.
E) Its internal arrangements are not clear from the excavations.
Q:
The major contribution to architectural history made by Greek architects and builders during the Archaic period was the temple, which was based on the design of the Mycenaean megaron so that its plan consists of a rear room, or ________.
A) opisthodomos
B) the naos
C) the tholos
D) the pronaos
E) bouleuterion
Q:
The influence of Greek culture during the Hellenistic period continued to spread east owing to:
A) the Battle of Marathon.
B) the conquests of Alexander the Great.
C) the Spartacist uprising.
D) the conquests of Phillip of Macedon.
E) the Persian Wars.
Q:
A tholos is:
A) a space beneath a dome.
B) an elaborate type of Corinthian capital.
C) a circular ring of columns.
D) a beehive tomb.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
At the Sanctuary of Asklepios, Kos, ________.
A) buildings were arranged orthogonally
B) a temple was placed inside an architectural precinct
C) the architect employed a central axis
D) the architect employed rising terraces
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
All of the following are part of the Greek theater EXCEPT:
A) a skene.
B) an orchestra.
C) Polykleitos.
D) a proskenion.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
All of the following are part of the Athenian Agora EXCEPT the:
A) Hephaisteion.
B) Stoa of Attalos.
C) Metroon.
D) Stoa of Zeus.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Q:
Hippodamus of Miletus became well known as:
A) a city planner.
B) a sculptor.
C) an orator.
D) an architect.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The Great Altar of Zeus in Pergamon is famous for its:
A) 40-foot-tall statue of Zeus.
B) 500-foot-long acropolis site.
C) 20-foot-tall Corinthian columns.
D) 300-foot-tall sculpted frieze.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The site of the Greek city of Paestum:
A) was submerged under the sea by the Middle Ages.
B) was a tourist site during the Middle Ages.
C) became a pilgrim site during the Middle Ages.
D) became a monastery during the Middle Ages.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The slight outward curve of a column, which then tapers toward the top of the shaft, as seen in the Doric columns in the Temple of Hera is called:
A) a tholos.
B) antis.
C) entasis.
D) an architrave.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The edge of a Greek column flute is called:
A) an echinus.
B) an arris.
C) a pentel.
D) a ridge.
E) None of the answers is correct.
Q:
The two B-shaped stone blocks in Djoser's complex were implements for his:
A) ceremonial race.
B) sacrifice of ceremonial animals.
C) wedding ceremony.
D) priests to use in locating the planet Venus.
E) All of the answers are correct.